I-HPV yisihloko esivame ukuxoxwa ngaso phakathi kwabesifazane abaningi, kodwa abanye bayayesaba kancane. Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile nokuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-HPV. Pho iyini ngempela i-HPV? Kungani lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kangaka kithi? Ngaphandle kokwesaba lutho, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-HPV?
I-HPV yigama elifushane le-Human Papillomavirus. Leli yiqembu lamagciwane elivame kakhulu. Njengomkhuhlane ovamile, leli gciwane livame kakhulu emphakathini.
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa njengeSifo Esithathelwana Ngocansi (STI). Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu akusho ukuthi wenze noma yini embi. Kungasakazeka ngokuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba, ngakho-ke noma ubani ohlanganyela ocansini usengozini enkulu yokuthola leli gciwane ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakhe.
Cabanga nje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zalo mndeni wegciwane le-HPV.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zibangela izinhlungu ezivamile ezakheka ezandleni nasezinyaweni zethu.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zibangela izinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Kodwa sidinga ukugxila ezimbalwa zalezi zinhlobo, ezibizwa ngokuthi "ezinobungozi obukhulu." Ngoba cishe u-99% womdlavuza wesibeletho ubangelwa ukutheleleka ngalezi zinhlobo ze-HPV ezinobungozi obukhulu. Ikakhulukazi, izinhlobo ezimbili , i-HPV 16 kanye ne-HPV 18, yizona ezibangela lokhu.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu ngokuvamile angalwa nezifo eziningi ze-HPV zingakapheli iminyaka embalwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi leli gciwane eliyingozi kakhulu lingaqhubeka emzimbeni, libangele izinguquko ezingavamile emaseli esibelethweni (cervical dysplasia), okungagcina sekuphenduka umdlavuza. Yilokho ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV okungasisiza sikuyeke.
Ubani okufanele ahlolwe i-HPV? Nini?
Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga lokhu kuhlolwa. Odokotela bavame ukukutusa ezimweni ezinjengalezi.
| Ithuba | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-30-65 ubudala | Uma une-cervix, ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV kule minyaka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumdlavuza we-cervix. |
| Uma kukhona okungajwayelekile ku-Pap smear | Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-Pap kubonisa noma yiziphi izinguquko emaseli akho esibelethweni, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbangela yi-HPV enobungozi obukhulu. |
| Uma unomdlavuza we-oropharyngeal | Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza womphimbo zingabangelwa namagciwane afana ne-HPV 16. Ukwazi ukuthi i-HPV iyimbangela yomdlavuza kungasiza ekuhleleni ukwelashwa. |
Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-HPV ingenayo igciwane, okusho ukuthi awunalo igciwane, ukuhlolwa kwakho okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe eminyakeni engaba ngu-5 . Kodwa-ke, uma uke waba ne-HPV ngaphambili, noma unesifo esenza amasosha omzimba wakho abe buthaka, njenge-HIV, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uhlolwe ngokushesha.
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-HPV?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi okufanele uyenze ehhovisi likadokotela wezifo zabesifazane. Kodwa okwenzekayo ngempela ukuthi udokotela wakho uthatha isampula yamaseli esibelethweni sakho bese eyithumela elabhorethri. Ilabhorethri ihlola lawo maseli ukuze ithole ukuthi akhona yini i-HPV DNA.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuthola lesi sampula seli:
1. I-Pap Smear: Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlolwa kwe-Pap. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV/Pap . Kulokhu, udokotela wenza kokubili ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap (ukuhlola amangqamuzana anomdlavuza noma angaphambi komdlavuza) kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV (ukuhlola izinhlobo ze-HPV eziyingozi kakhulu) kusampula efanayo.
2. I-Cervical Biopsy: Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Pap ingavamile, udokotela wakho angase afune ukuhlola umlomo wakho wesibeletho eduze. I-colposcopy iyi-microscope ekhethekile ehlola umlomo wakho wesibeletho bese ithatha ucezu oluncane lwezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese iluthumela ukuze luhlolwe.
Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Yebo, kudingeka ukulungiselela okuncane. Lezi zinto zibalulekile ukuze kutholakale imiphumela enembile.
- Beka usuku lokuhlolwa okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini.
- Gwema ukuya ocansini izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Futhi, ungasebenzisi noma yini efakwe esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (ama-tampon, okhilimu, ijeli/i-foam yokuvimbela inzalo, amafutha okugcoba, noma ama-douche) izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Imiphumela ithini ngempela? Ingabe kufanele sesabe?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Umphumela owutholayo ungaba muhle noma mubi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda kahle ukuthi le miphumela emibili isho ukuthini.
| Umphumela | Incazelo nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze |
|---|---|
| Okuhle | Incazelo: Kusho ukuthi une-HPV enobungozi obukhulu engabangela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Lokhu akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kusho nje ukuthi kukhona ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza, ngakho-ke kudingeka siqaphele. Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo? Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka:
|
| Okubi | Incazelo: Awunalo uhlobo lwe-HPV oluyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo?
|
Abesilisa abatholi yini i-HPV? Abahlolwa yini?
Lona umbuzo obuzwa abantu abaningi. Yebo, amadoda angayithola i-HPV, futhi angayisakaza nakwabanye.Kodwa-ke, okwamanje akukho ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV okuvunyelwe kwabesilisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umdlavuza ohlobene ne-HPV (njengomdlavuza we-rectal kanye nomdlavuza we-penis) awuvamile kakhulu kwabesifazane njengomdlavuza wesibeletho.
Esinye isibonakaliso sokuthi indoda ingaba ne-HPV ukubonakala kwamaqhubu esithweni sangasese noma kwenye indawo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, umuthi wokugomela i-HPV ubaluleke ngokulinganayo emantombazaneni nakubafana. Uvikela ezinhlotsheni ze-HPV eziyimbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-HPV iyigciwane elivame kakhulu. Ukuba negciwane le-HPV akumelwe ube namahloni ngakho.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumdlavuza wesibeletho ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap kanye ne-HPV njalo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV okuhle akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kusho ukuthi sithole ingozi kusenesikhathi, ngakho-ke sinethuba lokuyelapha ngaphambi kokuba ibe umdlavuza.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo, noma umuthi wokugomela i-HPV, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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