Isicanucanu nokuhlanza ekuseni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvamile komama abaningi. Ngothando sikubiza ngokuthi 'Ukugula Kwasekuseni'. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo lapho ungakwazi ukwehlisa noma yini, uhlanza izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, futhi umzimba wakho wehla isisindo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) . Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu kukugula kwasekuseni okuvamile futhi kudinga ukwelashwa.
Ingabe lokhu ukugula kwasekuseni okuvamile? Noma ingabe yi-Hyperemesis Gravidarum? Ake sazi umehluko.
Omama abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane kuyisimo esincane sokucasuka kwasekuseni. Kodwa kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Cabanga nje, umngane wakho ucasuka ekuseni, nawe ucasuka. Kodwa uma kubi kangangokuthi awukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza amanzi usuku lonke, lokho akuvamile.
Kalula nje, cishe u-80% wabesifazane abakhulelwe bahlushwa ukucasuka kwasekuseni. Kungabangela isicanucanu futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanza kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Kodwa ngokuvamile bangagcina ukudla nokuphuza okuncane. Lesi simo sivame ukuphela ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala.
Kodwa i-Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) iyisimo esihluke ngokuphelele futhi esinzima kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukuhlanza kuba yinto engabekezeleleki. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni isisindo nasekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni. Lesi simo singaqhubeka ngale kwe-trimester yokuqala, futhi mhlawumbe kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa.
Ake sibheke leli thebula ukuze siqonde lo mehluko kangcono.
| Isici | Ukugula Kwasekuseni Okuvamile | I-Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lokuhlanza | Njengokungathi kanye noma kabili ngosuku, akukubi kakhulu. | Ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, ngokweqile nangokuqhubekayo. |
| Ukudla nokuphuza uketshezi | Ngokuvamile, ukudla noketshezi kungagcinwa emzimbeni. | Ngihlanza kakhulu kangangokuthi angikwazi ukugcina noma yini engiyidlayo noma engiyiphuzayo. |
| Isisindo somzimba | Ngeke kube khona ukwehla kwesisindo. Mhlawumbe ngisho nokwanda kwesisindo okuncane. | Ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo sakho sangaphambi kokukhulelwa. |
| Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni | Akwenzeki. | Kwenzeka kaningi futhi kungaholela ngisho nasekulalisweni esibhedlela. |
| Umkhawulo wesikhathi | Ngokuvamile kuyaphela emavikini angu-12-14. | Kuhlala amasonto, izinyanga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube yilapho kuzalwa umntwana. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
Lesi simo sivame ukuqala cishe emavikini ayisithupha ukhulelwe. Lezi zimpawu zingakwenza ungakhululeki kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
Izici ezibonakala kakhulu
- Ukucanuzela okukhulu: Umuzwa wokucanuzela ohlala usuku lonke futhi onzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho.
- Ukuhlanza izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngosuku: Lokhu akuvamile, kodwa ukuhlanza njalo.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo: Ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo sakho sangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Isibonelo, uma unesisindo esingu-60 kg, uzolahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-3 kg.
- Ukungakwazi ukugcina ukudla nokuphuza kuphansi: Isimo lapho ukuhlanza kuphinde kwenzeke ngisho nangemva kokuphuza amanzi amancane.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukulahlekelwa amanzi anele emzimbeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umlomo nezindebe zome, inani lomchamo okhiqizwayo liyancipha, futhi umchamo uba phuzi obumnyama.
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu kanye nokungabi naso isizungu: Ukuzizwa unesizungu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuma, futhi uzizwa unesiyezi.
- Ukukhathala okukhulu: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho noma ulapho nje.
- Ukuquleka: Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ulahlekelwe ingqondo bese uwe.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo.
Izimpawu ezinzima ezingavamile ukubonwa
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo
- Isikhumba esomile
- Ukudideka
- I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba) okubangelwa ukulimala kwesibindi
- I-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: Isimo esibi kakhulu esithinta ubuchopho ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B1 (Thiamine).
Kungani lesi simo senzeka?
Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayikatholakali, kodwa okusolisayo kakhulu ukuthi kungenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni ezenzeka emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Kalula nje, uma sikhulelwe umntwana, ama-hormone omzimba wethu ashintsha kakhulu. Omunye wabadlali abaphambili lapha yi-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-HCG (i-human chorionic gonadotropin) . Le hormone ikhiqizwa umzimba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu nangobuningi obukhulu. Amazinga e-HCG afinyelela phezulu cishe emavikini ayi-10 okukhulelwa. Yilapho omama abaningi bezwa khona izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwale hormone ye-HCG ne-HG.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hormone i-estrogen, eyanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingase ibe nomthelela kulokhu kucanuzela nokuhlanza.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, lokhu akulona iphutha lakho. Akubangelwa yinoma yini oyidlayo noma oyiphuzayo, noma yinoma yini oyenzayo. Lokhu kubangelwa ngokuphelele inqubo yezinto eziphilayo eyenzeka emzimbeni.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-Hyperemesis Gravidarum kunabanye. Lezi zici eziyingozi zifaka:
- Ukuba ne-HG ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini: Uma ube nalesi simo ngesikhathi ubeletha umntwana ngaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde ube naso ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho okulandelayo.
- Ukuba namawele noma izingane eziningi: Uma unezingane eziningi, amazinga akho e-hormone ye-HCG azoba phezulu. Ngakho-ke, ingozi inkulu komama abakhulelwe amawele noma amawele amathathu.
- Lokhu ukukhulelwa kwakho kokuqala.
- Uma othile emndenini (umama, udadewabo) enesifo sokugula ekuseni noma i-HG: Lokhu kungaba nomthelela othile wezakhi zofuzo.
- Ukuba nezimo ezifana ne-migraines noma i-motion sickness.
- Ukuba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), okuwukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli esibelethweni.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni bezimpawu zakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese ukhetha ukwelashwa okukulungele. Kunezinto ongazenza ekhaya, kanye nokwelashwa okudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ngezimpawu ezincane (okungenziwa ekhaya) | |
| Izinguquko ekudleni | Yidla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile (isib. njalo emahoreni amabili) kunokudla okukhulu. Yidla ukudla okuthambile nokomile okufana nama-crackers, isinkwa, ilayisi, namazambane abilisiwe. Gwema ukudla okunamafutha nokunongiwe. |
| Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila | Ukugqoka ibhande lesandla elinomshini wokucindezela ukuze unciphise isicanucanu. Ukuhlafuna amaphilisi ejinja noma ukuphuza itiye lejinja. Ukugwema izinto ezikwenza ube nesicanucanu (amaphunga athile, ukugibela izimoto). |
| Imithi ngeseluleko sezokwelapha | Udokotela wakho angase akuncome imithi efana ne-Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) kanye ne-Doxylamine. Ungathengi noma uthathe imithi ekhemisi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. |
| Ngezimpawu ezinzima (ukwelashwa esibhedlela) | |
| Ukunikeza uketshezi ngemithambo yegazi (IV Fluids) | Uma uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, uzonikezwa uketshezi kanye nezakhamzimba ngosawoti. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela. |
| Imithi enconyiwe | Imithi enamandla njenge-Promethazine, i-Metoclopramide, ne-Ondansetron inikezwa ukulawula ukuhlanza. Uma ungakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi, ungathatha imijovo noma ama-suppositories. |
| Ukondla ngamapayipi | Uma ungakwazi ukudla nhlobo, ukudla okunomsoco kunikezwa ngepayipi elincane elifakwa ngekhala noma ngesisu esiswini. |
| Ukudla okunempilo okuphelele kwe-parenteral (TPN) | Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, konke ukudla okunomsoco okudingekayo kulethwa ngqo emzimbeni ngomthambo, okwenza uphumule ngaphandle kokufaka noma yiluphi uhlobo lokucindezeleka ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. |
Lesi simo sizohlala isikhathi esingakanani? Ingabe sizothinta ingane?
Lokhu kungase kukwethuse, futhi kufanele. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, wena nomntwana wakho ningaphila kahle.
- Ubude besikhathi: Abanye abantu babhekana nokwehla kwezimpawu ngemva kwe-trimester yokuqala. Abanye bangase babe nalesi simo cishe phakathi nokukhulelwa. Kodwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, cishe zonke lezi zimpawu ziyanyamalala ngokuphelele.
- Imiphumela enganeni: Uma uthatha ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, ngokuvamile akukho mphumela enganeni. Kodwa-ke, uma izimo ezifana nokulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu kukamama noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu zingelashwa, ingane ingase ingavamile ukuzalwa inesisindo esiphansi noma izalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu: Uma une-HG, odokotela bazobheka ukukhulelwa kwakho njengokuyingozi kakhulu. Lokho akusho ukuthi kukhona okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, kodwa kusho ukuthi wena nomntwana wakho nizoqashwa ngokucophelela futhi kaningi .
Uma kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela
Ungahlali nje ekhaya uhlupheke, ucabanga ukuthi ukuhlanza okukhulu "kuvamile" ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Khumbula, uma ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha, kulapho ungakuvimbela kangcono isimo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
- Uma ungakwazi ukudla lutho ngenxa yesicanucanu esihlala usuku lonke.
- Uma uqhubeka nokuhlanza izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngosuku izinsuku eziningana.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho wehlisa isisindo .
- Uma uzizwa unesiyezi , unekhanda elibuhlungu, noma uphelelwa amandla .
- Uma inani lomchamo owudlulayo lehle kakhulu, noma uma umchamo wakho uphenduka umbala ophuzi/o-orenji omnyama.
Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, kungadingeka ukuthi ungeniswe e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela futhi unikezwe usawoti kanye nemithi edingekayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) akuyona nje into evamile yokugulisa ekuseni. Yisimo esibucayi sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa.
- Uma uhlanza kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukugcina ukudla noma isiphuzo, uma wehlisa isisindo, noma uma unesiyezi , ungahlupheki wedwa futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Lesi simo akusona iphutha lakho. Sibangelwa izinguquko zamahomoni emzimbeni.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu kulokhu. Lesi simo singalawulwa kahle ngoketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (usawoti) kanye nemithi.
- Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kanye nokuqashwa, nawe ungazala umntwana onempilo. Ngakho ungesabi, thola usizo oludingayo.
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