Ingabe ingane yakho iyadlala? Ingabe kuyisifo sokulawula ukusabela okungafuneki? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Uzizwa sengathi ingane yakho ihlala yenza izinto ngendlela engalungile, ingabacabangeli abanye? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi iyathukuthela ngezinto ezincane? Noma ingabe ingena enkingeni enkulu ngoba ayikwazi ukuyeka imikhuba emibi? Njengomzali, kuyinto evamile ukuthi uzizwe udabuke kakhulu, futhi mhlawumbe wesabe, uma ubona izinto ezinjengalezi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalezi zinhlobo zokuziphatha, ezibizwa ngokuthi "Impulse Control Disorders" noma izifo zokulawula i-impulse.

Yiziphi lezi zinkinga zokulawula umfutho wegazi?

Kalula nje, "Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho" ziyiqembu lezimo zengqondo nezokuziphatha ezenza kube nzima ukulawula izifiso zomuntu, noma imizwa, kanye nezenzo ezizilandela. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kuvame ukulimaza wena noma abanye. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuziphatha kungabangela nezinkinga ngomthetho.

Cabanga nje, ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okungazelelwe okukwenza umemeze, uphonse izinto, noma ube nesifiso esingalawuleki sokuthatha into engeyomunye umuntu. Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje.

Ezinye zalezi zindlela zokuziphatha eziyinkinga zifaka:

• Intukuthelo enobudlova engazelelwe kanye nezenzo ezihambisana nayo.
• Ukuxabana nokulwa njalo nabanye.
• Ukubhubhisa izinto zabanye abantu kanye nempahla yomphakathi.
• Ukungalaleli abadala neziphathimandla, ukunganaki iseluleko sabo.
• Ukweba.
• Ukwephula imithetho.

Izimpawu zalezi "Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho" zivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni , futhi ngezinye izikhathi, uma zingelashwa, lezi zimo zingaqhubeka zize zibe ngabantu abadala.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinkinga zokulawula ukushukuma komzimba?

Ngokusho komhlahlandlela we-American Psychiatric Association (i-American Psychiatric Association) wokuhlukanisa izifo zengqondo, i-DSM-5, izinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ze-"Impulse Control Disorders" sezitholiwe. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. Isifo Sokuphikisa Esiphikisayo (ODD)

Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ingane iqhubeka njalo, okungukuthi, izinyanga eziningi, ingalaleli abantu abanegunya (njengabazali, othisha), iphikisana nabo njalo, futhi iziphatha ngendlela ebacasulayo. Bangase bacasule futhi bacasule abanye ngamabomu. Kodwa lokhu akuyona nje indaba yokuthanda, kuyinkinga ejulile.

2. Ukuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha

Lesi simo sibi kakhulu kune-"ODD". Lapha, ingane noma umuntu osemusha uyaqhubeka nokuziphatha kabi kwabanye, ehlukumeza izilwane, eqamba amanga, eba, ephuma endlini ngesinyenyela, futhi ephula imithetho yesikole kanzima . Abanandaba nezindinganiso zomphakathi noma amalungelo abanye.

3. Isifo Sokuqhuma Esiqhubekayo

Kwenzekani kulokhu,Ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okungazelelwe, kungaba ngaphandle kwesizathu noma ngesizathu esincane, okukhulu kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuyilawula. Ngokungazelelwe, bayamemeza, baqalekise, baphonse izinto phansi, futhi bahlasele abanye. Ngemva kwalokhu kuqhuma, bangase bazisole kakhulu. Kodwa ngaleso sikhathi, abanakho ukulawula.

4. I-Kleptomania

Lesi isimo esihlukile kancane. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi unesifiso esinamandla nesingenakulawuleka sokweba izinto ezingenanzuzo futhi ongazidingi. Uyazi ukuthi ukweba akulungile nokuthi uzobanjwa. Kodwa awukwazi ukulawula leso sifiso bese weba. Uzizwa ukhululekile kakhulu ngemva kokweba, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho uzizwa ucindezelekile kakhulu futhi ukhathazekile.

5. I-Pyromania

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi kukhona isifiso esinamandla nesingenakulawuleka sokushisa ngamabomu. Ngisho noma bazi ukuthi ukushisa kuzobangela umonakalo, abakwazi ukulawula leso sifiso bese besishisa. Bazizwa benokucindezeleka okukhulu nokukhathazeka ngaphambi kokushisa umlilo, kanye nenjabulo enkulu kanye nempumuzo ngemva kokushisa umlilo. Abashisi nganoma yisiphi esinye isizathu (njengempindiselo, imali), kodwa ngenxa yalesi sifiso.

Zivame kangakanani lezi "zinkinga zokulawula umfutho"?

Ukusabalala kwalezi "zinkinga zokulawula umfutho" emphakathini kuyahlukahluka. Isibonelo, ngokwezibalo e-United States:

• Isifo Sokungaziphathi Kahle Esiphikisanayo (ODD): Cishe u-3.3% wezingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha.
• Ukuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha: Cishe u-4% wezingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha.
• Isifo Sokuqhuma Esiqhubekayo: Cishe u-2.7% wabantu bonke.
• I-Kleptomania: Cishe u-0.6% wabantu bonke.

I-Pyromania ayivamile kakhulu kulezi. Ucwaningo olulodwa lubonise ukuthi abantu abangu-3% kuphela ababoshiwe ngenxa yokushisa babonisa izimpawu ze-pyromania. Izimo ezifanayo ziyabonakala naseSri Lanka, kodwa kunzima ukuthola izibalo ezinembile.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-`(Impulse Control Disorders)`?

Nakuba "I-Impulse Control Disorder" ngayinye inezimpawu zayo ezihlukile, isici esivamile sazo zonke ikhono eliphansi lokulawula ukuziphatha komuntu. Lokhu kuvame ukubangela abanye izinkinga noma kuholele ezinkingeni zomthetho.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-"Impulse Control Disorder" bayazi ukuthi ukuziphatha kwabo akulungile futhi akufanele. Kodwa abakwazi ukukuvimba. Ngaphambi kokuba laba bantu baziphathe ngendlela engafanele, bazizwa becindezelekile kakhulu futhi bekhathazekile. Ngemva kokwenza lokho kuziphatha okungafanele, bazizwa bekhululekile futhi bekhululekile.

Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abanalezi "ICD" bakhipha intukuthelo yabo, ukungajabuli, kanye nokukhungatheka ngabanye. Okusho ukuthi, "bakhipha" ukuziphatha kwabo.Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ezingxabanweni nabanye. Lokhu kuhlukile ezimweni ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, lapho umuntu efaka khona ukucindezeleka kwakhe ngaphakathi.

Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule. Izingane eziningi, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yazo yokuqala kanye nentsha, ziziphatha ngenkani kancane, zingalaleli abantu abadala. Zikwenza lokhu ukuze zifunde ukuthi iyini imingcele yazo nokuthi iyini imingcele yabanye. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa ku-"Impulse Control Disorders", lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zivame kakhulu, zinzima, futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Futhi lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zinomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini yansuku zonke yengane, ezifundweni zayo, ebuhlotsheni nomndeni wayo, kanye nasebuhlotsheni bayo nabangani.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(I-Impulse Control Disorders)`?

Abacwaningi basazama ukuthola izimbangela eziqondile zalezi "Impulse Control Disorders." Ngokwazi kwethu, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyinhlanganisela yezici.

• Izakhi zofuzo : Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abazali bezingane ezine-ODD banamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga zemizwa. Ngokufanayo, abazali bezingane ezine-Conduct Disorder bangase babe nezimo ezifana ne -schizophrenia , i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), i-drug use disorders (SUD), noma i-antisocial personality disorders (ASPDs). Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kungase kube nokuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo.
• Izici zemvelo : Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izici zemvelo zingasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwezimo ezinjalo ezinganeni ezivela emindenini engenayo ephansi, ezinganeni ezikhulela endaweni enobudlova emphakathini, ezinganeni ezingazange zithole ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa ngabazali bazo ngesikhathi zisencane, izingane eziye zahlukunyezwa noma zabona ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo, kanye nezingane ezinabangane ababi.
• Izimbangela zebhayoloji : Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi abantu abane-ICD banezinguquko ezingavamile emisebenzini ethile yobuchopho noma emazingeni ama-hormone (isibonelo, i-hormone i-cortisol).

Ungazibona kanjani `(Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho)`?

Lezi zimo zitholwa ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela bezifo zengqondo noma izazi zengqondo. Basebenzisa izindlela eziku-DSM-5. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu kumele zihlale okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12. Kufanele futhi zibangele ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma ukuphazamiseka empilweni yansuku zonke.

Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningase nibe nezimpawu "ze-Impulse Control Disorder," kufanele nakanjani nibone udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Basebenzisa izingxoxo nezindlela zokuhlola eziklanywe ngokukhethekile ukuze bahlole ngokunembile lezi zimo zengqondo nezokuziphatha.

Ngokuvamile, laba ochwepheshe bathola ulwazi kulabo abaseduze kakhulu nomuntu (njengabazali, izingane zakubo, abangane, othisha) ukuze bathole isithombe esiphelele sokuziphatha komuntu.

Ziphathwa kanjani `(Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho)`?

Okwamanje azikho izidakamizwa ezivunyelwe ngqo yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukwelapha lezi "Impulse Control Disorders". Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuyindlela yokwelapha ehlukahlukene kanye nokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo endleleni abazali abaphatha ngayo izingane zabo.

Nazi ezinye izindlela eziwusizo abazali abangalandela ukusiza ukulawula lezi zinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni:

• Ukunciphisa izimpendulo ezinhle ekuziphatheni okungafanele (isib., ukunikeza ingane lokho ekufunayo uma ikhala).
• Ukukhuthaza ukuziphatha okuzwelana nokukhathalelana (ukuziphatha okungachemi) kwabanye.
• Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokujezisa ezingenabudlova.
• Ukwenza izinqumo ezihambisanayo nezibikezelayo lapho uqondisa izingane (hhayi ngenye indlela namuhla, enye kusasa).

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezithile ezisiza ngalokhu yilezi:

• Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabazali Ukuphathwa (PMT) : Lokhu kuhilela ukuqeqesha abazali noma abanakekeli ngezindlela ezisiza ingane yabo ukuthuthukisa ukuziphatha kwayo nokufunda amakhono amasha. Umgomo walolu hlobo lokwelapha ukunikeza isiyalo esiqhubekayo ngenkathi kunikezwa impendulo efanele neyakhayo ngokuziphatha okuhle kwengane.
• Ukwelashwa Okunezinhlelo Eziningi (i-MST) : Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa amandla omndeni ukukhuthaza ukubhekana nesimo esihle. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha onelayisensi usebenza nabazali ukusiza ukuqinisa ukuziphatha okuhle nokunciphisa ukuziphatha okubi. Basiza futhi umndeni ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuthwala umthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) : I-CBT iyindlela ehlelekile, egxile emigomweni yokwelapha ingqondo. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuqeqeshwa kobuzali. Ku-CBT, umelaphi usiza ingane ukuthi ihlole imicabango nemizwa yayo. Ingane ibe isiqonda ukuthi imicabango yayo ithinta kanjani izenzo zayo. Nge-CBT, ingane iyakwazi ukushintsha ukucabanga okubi, okubi kanye namaphethini okuziphatha futhi ifunde ukucabanga nokuziphatha okunempilo.

Iyini iphrojekthi ye-`(Impulse Control Disorders)`?

Umbono walezi `(Impulse Control Disorders)`, okungukuthi, ukuthi lesi simo sizobukeka kanjani, ungahluka kuye ngesimo kanye nobunzima baso. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, lezi `(ICDs)` zingaba yizimo ezingamahlalakhona . Futhi zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu othintekayo kanye nabathandekayo bakhe.

Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi abantu abane-ICD banamathuba amaningi okubhekana nalokhu okulandelayo esikhathini esizayo:

• Ukuphendukela ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ingozi yokulahlekelwa umsebenzi.
• Ubunzima bokulondoloza ubudlelwano.

Kodwa-ke, ukungenelela okunzulu kokwelapha kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni lezi zindlela zokuziphatha eziyinkinga.

Ingabe "Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho" zingavinjelwa?

Lezi zimo zingase zingavinjelwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngokuxilonga nokwelapha lesi simo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka , unganciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka nobunzima ingane yakho nomndeni wakho abazobhekana nabo. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa kungasiza nasekuvimbeleni ezinye izinkinga (njengokuphazamiseka kwezemfundo nezinkinga zomthetho) ezingahlotshaniswa nalezi "ICD".

Izingane nentsha eziziphatha ngobudlova futhi zephule imithetho ziyinselele enkulu kubazali. Nakuba kuvamile ukuthi izingane ezincane nentsha ziziphathe ngendlela yokuphamazela ngezikhathi ezithile, uma ziziphatha njalo nangendlela ephazamisa abanye, kungaba uphawu "lwe-Impulse Control Disorder".

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa kwalezi `(Impulse Control Disorders)` ngokushesha okukhulu. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokufuna ukwelashwa ukuhlangana nodokotela womndeni wakho, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo bese nixoxa ngalokhu. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo esengqondweni yakho. Bakhona ukukusiza.

Isifinyezo kanye nomyalezo wokuthatha uye ekhaya

"Izinkinga Zokulawula Umfutho" esikhuluma ngazo ukuziphatha okungenangqondo okungenakukwazi ukulawulwa. Lokhu akuwona nje umsebenzi "wengane embi," kungaba yisimo esijulile esidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe uma ukhathazekile kakhulu ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho, kunokungayinaki. Uma isheshe yabonakala, imiphumela yokwelashwa iba ngcono.

Khumbula:

• Ezinye zezindlela zokuziphatha ezibonakala ebuntwaneni zivamile, kodwa kuma-ICD, lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zivame ukuba zimbi, zinzima, futhi zihlala isikhathi eside.
• Lezi zimo zingathonywa izici zofuzo, ezemvelo, kanye nezinto eziphilayo.
• Izindlela zokwelapha kanye nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha abazali ziphumelela kakhulu njengokwelashwa.
• Awuwedwa. Kunabanye abazali abaningi ababhekene nezinselele ezifanayo, futhi kukhona ochwepheshe abangakusiza.

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga efana nale, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kungaletha induduzo enkulu enganeni nakuwo wonke umndeni.

Ukulawula umfutho , izinkinga zokuziphatha, impilo yengqondo yengane, i-ODD, Ukuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha, iseluleko sobuzali, ukwelashwa kwengqondo