Uma uphila nesifo sikashukela i-Diabetes Mellitus, ukuzijova nge-insulin nsuku zonke kungaba yinkinga ngezinye izikhathi. Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukudonsa umuthi ebhodleleni le-insulin uwufake esirinji bese ufaka umthamo oqondile. Kodwa kukhona ithuluzi elifana nepeni elenza lo msebenzi ube lula kakhulu. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngepeni le-insulin .
Ngakho-ke, iyini le peni ye-insulin?
Kalula nje, ipeni le-insulin liyithuluzi lokujova eligcwaliswe kusengaphambili elikuvumela ukuthi ujove i-insulin ezicutshini ezingaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lena indlela yokwelapha isifo sikashukela. Ngokuqondile, kuyindlela ewela ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Multiple Daily Injection (MDI).
Cabanga ngepeni eline-insulin esikhundleni seyinki, kanye nenaliti encane, elahlwayo esikhundleni sesihloko sepeni. Kunjalo-ke ngaleli.
Yiziphi izingxenye zepeni ye-insulin?
Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningana zamapeni e-insulin, zonke zinezakhi ezithile eziyisisekelo ezifanayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Ingxenye | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Idamu le-insulin | Lena ingxenye yepulasitiki ecacile yepeni equkethe i-insulin. Ungabona ukucaca kwe-insulin, noma yikuphi ukungcola, nokuthi ingakanani i-insulin esele epeni ngalokhu. Amanye amapeni anekhatriji elithathelwa indawo. Amanye alahlwa ngokuphelele uma esephelile. |
| Isivalo sepeni | Lesi sivalo sivikela ithangi le-insulin ekulimaleni uma ungayisebenzisi. |
| uphawu lwerabha | Inaliti esetshenziswa ukujova umuthi wokugoma inamathele kule ngxenye yerabha. |
| Inaliti | Lezi yizinaliti ezisetshenziswa kanye kuphela. Inaliti ngayinye iza ngesembozo sokuvikela esingenamagciwane . Kumele inamathiselwe epeni ngaphambi kokujova. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinaliti. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akukhethele inaliti efanele. |
| Inkinobho yokulinganisa | Leli qhosha yilokho okukhethayo ukuze ukhethe inani le-insulin (umthamo) olidingayo. |
| Ifasitela lokulinganisa | Lokhu kubonisa inani lamayunithi e-insulin owakhethayo ngenkinobho. |
| Inkinobho yokufaka | Ngemva kokufaka inalithi esikhumbeni, ucindezela le nkinobho ukuze ulethe umthamo we-insulin emzimbeni. |
| Ilebula | Lokhu kubhala uhlobo lwe-insulin esepeni, igama lomkhiqizo, kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamapeni e-insulin?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamapeni e-insulin. Ahluke kakhulu ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ingasetshenziswa Kabusha vs Ingalahlwa: Amanye amapeni angasetshenziswa futhi angalahlwa uma i-insulin iphela noma iphelelwa yisikhathi. Olunye uhlobo lungasetshenziswa futhi. Uma ikhatriji ye-insulin iphela, ungayisusa bese ufaka entsha ukuze uphinde usebenzise ipeni.
- Uhlobo lwe-insulin olusetshenziswayo:Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-insulin. Ziyahlukahluka ngesikhathi esithathwa ngumzimba ukuthi usebenze nokuthi uhlala isikhathi esingakanani usebenza (isib. esebenza isikhathi eside, esebenza ngokushesha). Amanye amapeni enzelwe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-insulin. Amanye amapeni aqukethe ingxube yezinhlobo ze-insulin.
- Ingabe kukhona amadivayisi edijithali : Amanye amapeni e-insulin afika nohlelo lokusebenza lwedijithali. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lukusiza ukukhumbula izinto ezifana nokuthi ugcine nini ukufaka i-insulin nokuthi ingakanani. Siphinde sibize lawa mapeni e-insulin 'Ahlakaniphile' noma 'Axhunyiwe'. Olunye uhlobo ipeni elivamile (isandla). Futhi kufanele ubhale phansi umthamo owufaka encwadini.
Ake sixoxe kancane ngamapeni e-insulin 'ahlakaniphile'
Leli peni le-insulin 'elihlakaniphile' liyipeni ledijithali elithumela ngokuzenzakalelayo ulwazi olufana nesikhathi kanye nomthamo womjovo wakho kuhlelo lokusebenza olusefonini yakho. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lungenza nezinye izinto eziningana.
- Gcina irekhodi lenani le-insulin elisebenzayo emzimbeni wakho ngaleso sikhathi.
- Kuyasiza ekubaleni inani le-insulin olidingayo ngokusekelwe ezingeni likashukela egazini lakho kanye nenani lama-carbohydrate ozowadla. Ezinye izinhlelo zepeni 'ezihlakaniphile' zenza lokhu ngokuxhuma kudivayisi ekala amazinga kashukela egazini njalo (i-Continuous Glucose Monitor - CGM).
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthatha i-insulin yakho ngesikhathi sokudla, uzokwaziswa (uqaphile).
- Bhala phansi izinga lokushisa kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-insulin.
Uma unesifiso sokuthola ipeni 'elihlakaniphile' elinjengaleli, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalo.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani ipeni ye-insulin?
Ngaphambi kokuthi ujove umuthi wokugoma, lungisa indawo ehlanzekile neyomile. Uzodinga okulandelayo:
- Ipeni le-insulin elinqunywe udokotela wakho. (Uma usebenzisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zamapeni, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha elifanele .)
- Inaliti entsha kanye ne-alcohol wipe.
- Isitsha esifanele izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kungaba ibhodlela lepulasitiki elijiyile elinesembozo esiqinile noma isitsha "esibukhali".
Indlela yokulungisa ipeni isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
1. Geza izandla zakho: Okokuqala, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho.
2. Vula isivalo: Susa isivalo epeni le-insulin.
3. Hlanganisa ipeni: Uma i-insulin esepeni ibukeka ifuzekile, jika ipeni phakathi kwezandla zakho cishe umzuzu. Uma i-insulin icacile ngokuphelele, akudingeki wenze lokhu. Ungalokothi ushukumise ipeni.
4. Hlanza uphawu lwerabha: Sula uphawu lwerabha nge-alcohol wipe.
5. Faka inaliti entsha:Susa itheyiphu yephepha enalitini, unamathisele inaliti entsha epeni, bese uyijika. Bese ususa isivalo sangaphandle enalitini. Uzodinga lesi sivalo sangaphandle futhi ukuze ususe inaliti ngemva kokujova. Manje susa nesivalo sangaphakathi.
6. Ukubhoboza ipeni: Ukubhoboza ipeni inqubo yokususa amabhamuza omoya enalitini nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inalithi isebenza kahle. Kufanele ukwenze lokhu ngaphambi komjovo ngamunye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phendula inkinobho yomthamo ibe amayunithi ama-2. Uma ipeni livuliwe, cindezela inkinobho yomjovo phansi. Okungenani ithonsi elilodwa le-insulin kufanele liphume esicongweni senalithi. Kuzodingeka uphinde le nqubo kuze kuvele ithonsi.
7. Khetha umthamo: Khetha umthamo we-insulin udokotela wakho awunikezile ngokuphendula inkinobho yomthamo.
8. Hlola umthamo: Hlola ifasitela lomthamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo okhethiwe ulungile. Bese ubeka ipeni eceleni ukuze inaliti inganamatheli ndawo.
Indlela yokufaka umjovo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
1. Bamba ipeni le-insulin ngesandla obhala ngaso, ugcine isithupha sakho sikhululekile ukuze ucindezele inkinobho yokujova.
2. Faka inaliti esikhumbeni sakho ngokushesha nge-engeli engama-degree angu-90. Inaliti kufanele ifakwe ngokuphelele esikhumbeni.
3. Cindezela inkinobho yomjovo kancane kancane ukuze ujove umthamo wonke. Bamba ipeni kule ndawo imizuzwana eyi-6 kuya kweyi-10, bese ususa inalithi.
4. Faka ngokucophelela isivalo sangaphandle senaliti, uphendule inaliti bese uyisusa. Bese ufaka inaliti esitsheni senaliti esisetshenzisiwe.
5. Buyisela isivalo sepeni bese usigcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi.
Kungase kuphume igazi elincane endaweni yomjovo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, libambe endaweni yalo nge-alcohol swab ehlanzekile noma ngebhola likakotini. Uma kudingeka, faka ibhandeji.
Yiziphi izindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokufaka i-insulin?
Ngokuvamile lezi yizindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokufaka i-insulin:
- Indawo yesisu: Ngaphansi naseduze kwenkaba.
- Amathanga: Ngaphambili nasezinhlangothini zamathanga.
- Izingalo: Ingxenye engenhla nengaphandle yezingalo.
- Indawo yesinqe:
Ungabhobozi kulezi zindawo:
- Ngaphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2 nxazonke kwenkaba.
- Phakathi nesisu.
- Ezindaweni noma eduze kwazo ezinezibazi noma izimpawu zokunwebeka.
- Eduze kwamalunga.
- Endaweni yesisu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukushintshanisa indawo yomjovo kunokuqhubeka nokujova endaweni efanayo . Ukuqhubeka nokujova endaweni efanayo kungaholela ku-lipohypertrophy (ukuqina kongqimba lwamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba).) kungenzeka. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-insulin ingamuncwa kahle emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshana kwezindawo zokujova kwenza inqubo yakho yokujova ibe lula, iphephe futhi ikhululeke kakhudlwana.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwamapeni e-insulin
Abantu abaningi bathola ukusebenzisa ipeni le-insulin kulula kunokusebenzisa i-vial ye-insulin kanye nesirinji. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa nokuthi ukusebenzisa ipeni kunikeza umthamo onembile futhi ohambisanayo.
| Ochwepheshe | Ububi |
|---|---|
| Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ikakhulukazi uma usohambweni. | Kungase kubize kancane kunesirinji nama-vial. |
| Ukukhetha umthamo kunembile kakhulu. | Uma kuqhathaniswa namaphampu e-insulin, imijovo kufanele inikezwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. |
| Akudingeki ukuthi ixhunywe emzimbeni njengephampu ye-insulin. | Ukujova njalo kwandisa ingozi yokushayeka kwesikhumba. |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukujova nge-insulin, umphumela ovame kakhulu we-insulin pens ushukela ophansi egazini ( hypoglycemia ) . Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ehla ngaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa i-insulin, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi wenzeni uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ehla.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma usebenzisa ipeni le-insulin okokuqala, udokotela wakho noma umfundisi wesifo sikashukela uzokukhombisa ukuthi ungalisebenzisa kanjani. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
Ngesikhathi usebenzisa i-insulin, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luyasebenza. Uma uvame ukuba noshukela ophezulu noma ophansi egazini, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi umthamo wakho we-insulin ungadinga ukulungiswa ukuze uvumelane nezidingo zakho.
Ingabe amapeni e-insulin kufanele agcinwe esiqandisini?
Ungagcina ipeni le-insulin osanda kuqala ukulisebenzisa (elivuliwe) ekushiseni kwegumbi (cishe ama-degree Celsius angu-20-22). Kodwa-ke, ungayigcini ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu noma ezibandayo kakhulu. Lokhu kungashintsha indlela esebenza ngayo i-insulin.
Amapeni amasha angavulwanga kufanele agcinwe esiqandisini. Asebenza kahle kuze kube usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi olubhalwe ebhokisini. Bhala usuku owasebenzisa ngalo ipeni okokuqala ebhokisini. Amapeni amaningi asebenza kahle cishe izinsuku ezingama-28 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kokuqala. Funda incwajana eza nepeni ukuze uthole imiyalelo enembile kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ipeni le-insulin liyithuluzi elenza kube lula ngabanesifo sikashukela ukujova i-insulin.
- Ungakhohlwa ukusebenzisa inalithi entsha, ugeze izandla zakho, bese ufaka ipeni ngaphambi komjovo ngamunye.
- Ngemva kokujova, inaliti kufanele ishiywe esikhumbeni imizuzwana engu-6-10 ngaphambi kokuba isuswe.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujikelezisa izindawo kunokuqhubeka nokubhoboza endaweni efanayo.
- Uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephansi noma ephezulu njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Hlala ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze ukhethe ipeni le-insulin elifanele kanye nohlobo lwe-insulin olufanele wena.
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