Ingabe nawe ungumuntu obelinde isikhathi eside ukubona ubuso bomntwana omthandayo bese uzwa lelo phunga? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene, lelo phupho lingase liphuze kancane. Kodwa namuhla, ngenxa yesayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe, kunezindlela zokuvuselela lelo themba. Obunye ubuchwepheshe obunjalo yi-IVF, okusho ukukhulelwa kwe-in vitro. Mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngalokhu, noma mhlawumbe wesaba kancane. Ungesabi lutho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-IVF?
Igama eliphelele le-IVF yi-In Vitro Fertilization. Igama elithi "In Vitro" lisho ukuthi "engilazini", okusho ukuthi ngaphandle komzimba. Ngakho-ke i-IVF inqubo lapho iqanda elivela kumama kanye nesidoda esivela kubaba kuthathwa khona bese kuhlanganiswa (kuhlanganiswe) ngaphandle komzimba, okungukuthi, elabhorethri.
Cabanga nje, ukukhulelwa okuvamile kwenzeka lapho iqanda nesidoda kuhlangana ngaphakathi kwamapayipi kanina. Ku-IVF, senza leyo nqubo elabhorethri ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela nososayensi. I-embryo edalwe ngale ndlela ifakwa ngokucophelela esibelethweni sikamama ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukukhulelwa okuphumelelayo kwenzeka lapho le embryo inamathela odongeni lwesibeletho futhi iqala ukukhula.
Kufanele ucabange nini ngokwelashwa nge-IVF?
I-IVF iyithemba elikhulu kubantu abaningi ababhekene nokungazali. Odokotela batusa lokhu kwelashwa lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile noma lapho kunezimo ezithile zempilo. Ungathola umbono omuhle ngalokhu ngokubheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuvaleka noma ukulimala kwamapayipi e-fallopian | Uma indlela yokuhlangana kweqanda nesidoda ivinjiwe, i-IVF inganqoba leso sithiyo. |
| I-Endometriosis | Isimo sezokwelapha lapho ukungabi nabantwana kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhula kwezicubu zesibeletho ngaphandle kwesibeletho. |
| Izinkinga zesidoda | Inani eliphansi lesidoda, ukwehla kokunyakaza, noma ezinye izinkinga. |
| Izinkinga zesibeletho | Ukuvuthwa kweqanda akwenzeki kahle ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-PCOS (i-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome). |
| Izinkinga ngesibeletho | I-uterine fibroids noma ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo. |
| Ukungazali ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo | Amacala lapho zonke izivivinyo zivamile kodwa ukukhulelwa kungenzeki (Ukungazali okungachazeki). |
| Ezinye izizathu | Ingozi yokudlulisela izifo zofuzo enganeni, ukwandisa iminyaka yomama, noma ukusebenzisa amaqanda/ama-embryo anikelayo. |
Yiziphi izinyathelo ezihilelekile enqubweni ye-IVF?
I-IVF akuyona into engaqedwa ngosuku olulodwa. Yinqubo equkethe izinyathelo eziningana, ethatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo zinyathelo.
1. Ukukhuthazwa Kwesibeletho
Ngokuvamile, iqanda elilodwa liyavuthwa ngenyanga. Kodwa ku-IVF, sidinga amaqanda angaphezu kwelilodwa. Ngakho-ke, amaqanda amaningana avuthwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokunikeza imithi yama-hormone ejovwa nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuthatha izinsuku eziphakathi kuka-8 no-14 . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, udokotela wakho uzoqapha njalo usayizi wama-follicle ngokwenza ama-ultrasound kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Uma amaqanda esevuthiwe futhi esefinyelele usayizi ofunekayo, kunikezwa umjovo wokugcina ukuze avuthwe ngokugcwele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Trigger Shot." Amaqanda athathwa emahoreni angu-36 ngemuva kwalomjovo.
2. Ukutholwa Kwamaqanda
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuncane. Ulaliswa (ukuthobisa okuncane), ukuze ungazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu. Udokotela uzofaka inalithi encane kakhulu ngesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane, esebenzisa iskena, emaqanda akho, bese esusa ngokucophelela amaqanda avuthiwe ngalinye ngalinye.
Ungesabi le nqubo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqinisekisa ukuthi awuzizwa ubuhlungu.
3. Ukufaka umanyolo elabhorethri
Amaqanda atholakala ngale ndlela ahlanganiswa nesidoda sekhwalithi ephezulu esivela kubaba elabhorethri. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi isidoda esisodwa sifakwa kahle eqandeni elilodwa. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, cishe ama-70% amaqanda avuthiwe atholakalayo avundiswa ngempumelelo.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu
Iqanda elivundisiwe manje seliyi-embryo. Lawa ma-embryo agcinwa kudivayisi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-incubator izinsuku ezi-5 noma ezi-6 ukuze akhule. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ososayensi baqapha ngokucophelela ukukhula kwawo. Ama-embryo akhule kahle futhi anempilo (isigaba se-blastocyst) akhethwa ukuze afakwe esibelethweni. Ngokuvamile, cishe ama-50% ama-embryo avundisiwe afinyelela kulesi sigaba. Ama-embryo amahle asele nawo angaqandiswa ukuze asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
5. Ukudluliselwa Kwesibungu
Lena inqubo elula kakhulu, engenabuhlungu. Izwakala njenge-Pap smear. Udokotela usebenzisa ithubhu elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) ukufaka umbungu noma ama-embryo amahle kakhulu esibelethweni sakho. Lokhu kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kweyi-10.
6. Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhulelwa
Phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-9 kuya kwezingu-14 ngemva kokudluliselwa kombungu, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhulelwe yini.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi nemiphumela emibi ye-IVF?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, i-IVF ingaba nezingozi ezithile kanye nemiphumela emibi. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi zinto kusenesikhathi.
| Izingozi | Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo |
|---|---|
| Ukuzalwa kwamawele: Amathuba okuba namawele ayanda uma kudluliselwa umbungu ongaphezu koyedwa. | Isicanucanu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nokushisa komzimba ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. |
| Ukuphuphuma Kwesisu: Kunezingozi, njengasekukhulelweni okuvamile. | Ukulimala kanye nobuhlungu ezindaweni zokujova. |
| Ukukhulelwa okungeyona indawo: Ukufakwa kwesibeletho ngaphandle kwesibeletho. | Ukuqunjelwa kwesisu kanye nokuqunjelwa ngemva kokufakelwa kwe-embryo. |
| I-Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS): Isimo esingavamile esibangela ubuhlungu besisu nokuvuvukala ngenxa yokukhuthazwa ngokweqile kwama -ovari. | Ubuhlungu bebele, ukubonakala okuncane. |
Iningi lalezi zimpawu livame ukuphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa uma uzwa noma yini efana nomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukopha okukhulu, igazi emchameni wakho, noma ubuhlungu besisu obungabekezeleleki , kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha .
Iphumelela kangakanani i-IVF?
Impumelelo ye-IVF ayinakubikezelwa ngokushesha. Kuncike ezintweni eziningana.
- Ubudala: Isici esiyinhloko iminyaka kamama. Izinga lempumelelo liphezulu kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35. Ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, leli zinga lehla kakhulu.
- Isizathu sokungazali: Impumelelo ingahluka kuye ngembangela.
- Indlela Yokuphila: Ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo nakho kubalulekile.
- Ikhwalithi yomtholampilo: Ulwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe bomtholampilo lapho kunikezwa khona ukwelashwa.
Ungadumali uma umjikelezo we-IVF wehluleka. Abantu abaningi bayaphumelela ekuzameni kwabo kwesibili noma kwesithathu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.
I-IVF uhambo olunzima ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi wena nomlingani wakho nisekelane phakathi nalolu hambo. Uma uzizwa ukhungathekile, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma othile omethembayo ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IVF iyindlela yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe ehilela ukuhlanganisa iqanda nesidoda ngaphandle komzimba bese kufakwa umbungu ophumayo esibelethweni.
- Lesi yisisombululo esihle sezimbangela eziningi zokungazali, kodwa asisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu.
- Ubudala bomama buyisici esibalulekile empumelelweni ye-IVF. Uma usemncane, izinga lempumelelo liyanda.
- Le nqubo ingaba nzima ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ngakho-ke ukulungiselela ngokwengqondo kanye nokusekelwa komlingani wakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho ngokucacile nodokotela wakho. Leyo indawo engcono kakhulu yokuthola ulwazi olunembile kanye nesiqondiso.
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