Uyafuna ukwazi nge-Multiple Sclerosis? Woza, ake sixoxe!

Sawubona! Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngegama elithi Multiple Sclerosis, noma mhlawumbe othile omaziyo unalesi simo. Noma mhlawumbe unesifiso sokwazi okwengeziwe ngaso. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho, njengokuthi sibizwa ngokuthini, kungani senzeka, yiziphi izimpawu, futhi ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa? Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini ngempela i-Multiple Sclerosis?

Kalula nje, i-Multiple Sclerosis yisimo esithinta uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi , oluyingqondo nomgogodla. Cabanga ngakho njengemizwa egijima njengezintambo zikagesi emizimbeni yethu yonke. Le mizwa ithwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni iye emilenzeni yethu, emehlweni, nakuzo zonke imizimba yethu, futhi ithwala nemizwa (njengokushisa, ukubanda, ubuhlungu) ibuyele ebuchosheni.

Kuzungeze le micu yezinzwa, njengokufakwa kwepulasitiki okuzungeze ucingo lukagesi, kukhona isembozo esivikelayo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-myelin sheath . Le sheath ye-myelin yiyo evumela imiyalezo yezinzwa ukuthi ihambe ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo.

Kodwa, kumuntu one-multiple sclerosis (MS), kwenzeka into ehlukile kancane. Uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wakhe, uhlelo lokuzivikela , luqala ngephutha ukuhlasela lowo mgodi we-myelin. Kufana namasosha akhe abhubhisa into ebalulekile kubo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isimo sokuzivikela komzimba .

Uma i-myelin sheath yonakele, ukudluliswa kwemiyalezo yezinzwa kuyashintshashintsha kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi imiyalezo ihamba kahle kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ayihambi kahle kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ivinjiwe ngokuphelele. Cabanga ngakho njengokufakwa komoya ocingweni lukagesi okuklwejwa ezindaweni ezithile, bese ugesi uyeka ukugeleza.

Igama elithi "sclerosis" lisho "isibazi." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izibazi ezincane zakha lapho i-sheath ye-myelin yonakele khona. Igama elithi "Multiple" lisho "eziningi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo monakalo ungenzeka ezindaweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Kungani kuvela i-multiple sclerosis (MS)? Ziyini izimbangela?

Eqinisweni, imbangela eqondile ye-MS ayikakaziwa , kodwa odokotela nososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kungaba yinhlanganisela yezici.

• Ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, lesi akusona isifo esidluliselwa ngqo kusuka kumzali kuya enganeni. Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini ene-MS, amathuba okuba abanye bayithole aphezulu kancane. Kodwa yiphesenti elincane kakhulu.
• Izici zemvelo: Ezinye izinto endaweni esihlala kuyo zingasithinta.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane, isibonelo igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)Kutholakale ukuthi kwandisa ingozi ye-MS.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin D: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abaswele i-vitamin D, esiyithola elangeni, banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-MS.
• Ukubhema: Abantu ababhemayo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-MS, futhi ukubhema nakho kungasenza sibe sibi kakhulu lesi sifo.
• Indawo Yendawo: Amanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi lawo akude ne-equator, anezinga eliphezulu le-MS.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, yilapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela khona amangqamuzana aso. Isizathu esiqondile salokhu asikaziwa okwamanje.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-MS ayisona isifo esithathelwanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayinakusabalala isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye ngokuthimula noma ngokuxhawulana.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi sifo?

Izimpawu ze-MS ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu . Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu abanye abangase bangabi nazo. Futhi, izimpawu zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingase zingabi zimbi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izikhathi zokukhushulwa (ukubuyela emuva) kanye nokukhululwa (ukuxolelwa) .

Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu:

• Izinkinga zokubona:
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ukuqala ukubona ngezindlela ezimbili (i-diplopia).
• Ubuhlungu lapho uphendula amehlo uwabhekise ohlangothini olulodwa, ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa umbono okwesikhashana kwelinye iso (okubizwa nangokuthi i-optic neuritis ).
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha:
• Ukuzizwa sengathi izitho zakho zomzimba ziyaphela amandla, kunzima ukuhamba.
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi nokuwa.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha ezithweni, ubunzima bokugoba nokwelula ( ukuqaqamba ).
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuthuthumela:
• Ukuba ndikindiki, ukuqaqamba, noma imizwa efana nokushaqeka kukagesi ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ebusweni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ukukhathala/ukukhathala okukhulu:
• Lokhu kuyinto engathinta abantu abane-MS ngempela. Akusikho ukukhathala okuvamile nje kuphela, umuzwa wokukhathala okukhulu ongapheli kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala noma uphumule kangakanani. Cabanga nje, abanye abantu bangavuka ekuseni bezizwa sengathi bebesebenza usuku lonke.
• Izinkinga zesinyi kanye namathumbu:
• Ukuchama njalo, ukuphuthuma komchamo, kanye nobunzima bokulawula umchamo.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Isiyezi kanye ne-vertigo:
• Ukuzizwa nje unesizungu futhi kunzima ukuma.
• Ubuhlungu:
• Ubuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha bungenzeka.
• Izinguquko zengqondo:
• Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
• Kuthatha isikhathi ukwenza izinqumo nokuhlela.
• Izinguquko ezingokomzwelo:
• Ukuzizwa udabuke ngaphandle kwesizathu kuwukucindezeleka .
• Ukwesaba okuqhubekayo, ukukhathazeka , nokukhathazeka .
• Ukushintsha kwengqondo okusheshayo.
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma:
• Inkulumo engacacile ( i-dysarthria) ingase ivele, njengoba amagama eba angacacile.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya:
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nomuzwa wokuminyana lapho begwinya ukudla neziphuzo ( i-dysphagia ).

Ungacabangi ukuthi une-MS ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Lokhu kungabangelwa nayizinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola i-MS?

Nakuba i-MS ingakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, ivame ukubonakala ku:

• Phakathi kwalabo abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-50 .
• Abesifazane banamathuba amabili noma amathathu okuthola i-MS kunabesilisa.
• Uma othile emndenini ene-MS (njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu akulona ufuzo oluqondile, kodwa kunengozi encane).
• I-MS ivame kakhulu phakathi kwamaqembu athile ezinhlanga, isibonelo, lawo avela eNyakatho Yurophu. Kodwa-ke, kukhona neziguli ze-MS eSri Lanka.

Itholakala kanjani i-MS? (Ukuxilongwa)

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa kokuxilonga i-MS. Odokotela basebenzisa inhlanganisela yezimpawu, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okuningana ukuze bafinyelele ekuxilongweni.

• Umlando wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinzwa: Udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni, futhi uzohlola nokubona kwakho, amandla, ibhalansi, kanye nokusabela komzimba.
• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-MS. Singabona ngokucacile ukuthi i-myelin sheath ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni yonakele yini nokuthi izilonda zakhekile.
• Izifundo ezingaba khona ezivuselelwe: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa isivinini lapho isimiso sezinzwa sisabela khona ekushukumiseni okufakwe emehlweni, ezindlebeni, noma esikhumbeni. Lokhu kusabela kungase kubambezeleke ngenxa yomonakalo ku-myelin.
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar / Ukumpompa komgogodla: Kulolu vivinyo, kufakwa inaliti encane kakhulu emgogodleni bese kususwa inani elincane loketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Ezinye izinguquko kulolu ketshezi zingabonakala kubantu abane-MS.
• Ukukhishwa kwezinye izifo: Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ezinye izimo ezibangela izimpawu ezifana ne-MS (isib., ukutheleleka okuthile, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ezinye izifo zezinzwa).

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?

Okokuqala, alikho ikhambi le-MS okwamanje . Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezingasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo, ukunciphisa izimpawu, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Ukwelashwa kungahlukaniswa izingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko:

1. Izindlela Zokwelapha Eziguqula Izifo (DMTs):

• Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ku-myelin sheath.
• Lokhu kunganciphisa inani lokubuyela emuva kwesifo, kunciphise ubukhali baso, futhi kulibazise ukukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside okubangelwa yilesi sifo.
• Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-DMTs (isib. imijovo, amaphilisi, ngemithambo yegazi). Udokotela wezinzwa uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi i-DMT engcono kakhulu kuwe.

2. Ukwelashwa kokubuyela emuva:

• Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi ngokuzumayo (ukubuyela emuva), imithi efana ne -corticosteroids inganikezwa isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kunganciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala ohlelweni lwezinzwa futhi kusize ekunciphiseni izimpawu.

3. Ukwelashwa kokulawula izimpawu (Ukuphathwa kwezimpawu):

• Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha izimpawu ezahlukene ezibangelwa yi-MS.
• Ukwelapha ngokuzivocavoca umzimba: Kusiza ngezinto ezifana nobunzima bokuhamba, ukuqina kwemisipha, kanye nokulinganisela.
• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini: Kusiza ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke, imisebenzi yasekhaya, kanye namathuluzi nemishini edingekayo emsebenzini.
• Imithi yezimpawu ezithile: Kunemithi ehlukile yezinto ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu, ubuhlungu, izinkinga zesinye, kanye nokuqina kwemisipha (ukuqaqamba).
• Ukusekelwa kwempilo yengqondo: Ukwelulekwa kanye, uma kudingeka, imithi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokukhathazeka okungenzeka uma uphila ne-MS.
• Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma nokugwinya: Uma unenkinga yokukhuluma noma yokugwinya, ungacela usizo lochwepheshe.

4. Ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila:

• Ukudla okunempilo: Kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okunempilo.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukwenza izivivinyo ezifanele wena kungathuthukisa amandla, ukuguquguquka, kanye nenhlalakahle iyonke.
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke nakanjani.
• Ukuphumula nokulala okwanele: Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ukukhathala ngokweqile.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Izinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla zingasiza.

Mayelana nokuphila ne-MS

I-MS iyisimo esiyinselele, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi impilo isiphelile.Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokusekelwa, abantu abaningi abane-MS baphila impilo ejabulisayo nephumelelayo.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Yakha inethiwekhi yokusekela eqinile yabanye abantu abane-MS, umndeni, abangani, nodokotela.

Uhlobo lwe-MS luwukuthi ezinye izinsuku zilungile, kanti ezinye izinsuku zinzima kancane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulalela umzimba wakho, ukuqonda imikhawulo yakho, nokucela usizo uma uludinga. Ukuba nolwazi oluhle ngesimo sakho, ukulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho, nokuba nesimo sengqondo esihle kungenza umehluko omkhulu.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sixoxe kakhulu nge-Multiple Sclerosis namuhla. Ngithemba ukuthi uyaqonda kahle lokhu.

• I-MS yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esithinta ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa okuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawula lesi sifo nokuqeda izimpawu.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo bese uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.
• Uma usola ukuthi wena noma othile omaziyo unezimpawu ze-MS, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ukunikeza ukwesekwa nokuqonda kulabo abaphila ne-MS kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ucwaningo nge-MS luyaqhubeka. Kungase kube nokwelashwa okungcono esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unethemba futhi unesibindi. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

I- Multiple Sclerosis, i-Multiple Sclerosis, i-MS, Isifo Sezinzwa, i-Myelin, Isifo Sokuzivikela Emzimbeni, Izimpawu ze-MS, Ukwelashwa kwe-MS