Ingabe uvame ukuba ne-allergies? Ake sixoxe ngalezi (ama-Antihistamine) ngamazwi alula!

Uyathimula futhi uma uvuka ekuseni? Noma uqala ukulunywa ngokuzumayo bese uphenduka obomvu njengokuqhuma? Ngezinye izikhathi udla okuthile noma uthatha umuthi bese uluma umzimba wonke, akunjalo? Ngezinto ezinjengalezi, sivame ukubiza ngokuthi (ama-Antihistamine), umuthi onikezwa odokotela noma esiwuthenga ekhemisi. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuzwa leli gama, abantu abaningi bangase bangabi nalwazi oluningi ngokuthi liyini ngempela, ukuthi lisebenza kanjani, nokuthi lisetshenziselwani. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sifunde ngalawa (ama-Antihistamine), njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.

Iyini i-histamine? Kungani sithola ukungezwani komzimba?

Kalula nje, uma into engayithandi imizimba yethu, okungukuthi, ibangela ukungezwani komzimba – lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ‘i-allergen’, isibonelo, uthuli, impova, ukudla okuthile, imithi, ubuthi bezinambuzane – kungena, amanye amangqamuzana ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba, ikakhulukazi lawo abizwa ngokuthi ‘amaseli e-mast’, aqala ukulwa nalomhlaseli. Kulokhu kulwa, lawa maseli akhipha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi ‘i-histamine’. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthi lapho kufika ibutho lesitha, imizimba yethu iyathuthumela futhi ithumele izimpawu zokuxwayisa wonke umuntu.

Kulapho leli khemikhali elibizwa ngokuthi i-histamine libopha 'kuma-receptor' ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu lapho siqala khona ukuzwa izimpawu zalokho kungezwani komzimba.

• Uma ibopha kuma-receptor ekhaleni , ibangela ukuphuma kwempumulo, ukuthimula, kanye nokuminyana kwempumulo.
• Uma ibopha kuma-receptor esikhumbeni , isikhumba siba bomvu, silume, futhi sivuvuke – lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi 'i-urticaria' noma ama-hives.
• Uma amehlo ethintekile, aba bomvu, alume, futhi acwebe izinyembezi.
• Uma umgudu wokuphefumula uthintekile, izinto ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula nokukhwehlela zingavela.

Ngakho-ke cishe uyaqonda ukuthi enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zalezi zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba yi-histamine.

Ngakho-ke le mithi (ama-Antihistamine) isebenza kanjani?

Ama-antihistamine enza into elula kakhulu. Lokho okwenziwa yile mithi ukuvimba i-histamine yamakhemikhali esikhulume ngayo ngaphambilini ukuthi ingabi yisixhumi kuma-receptor athile emaseli omzimba wethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kufana nokuthi lo muthi uhleli esihlalweni i-histamine ezama ukuhlala kuso, uyivimbela ukuthi ingenzeki kanjalo. Khona-ke i-histamine ayikwazi ukuba nomphumela wayo.

Ngokuvimba ukusebenza kwe-histamine ngale ndlela, siyakwazi ukulawula izimpawu ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ngezinga elikhulu - ukuthimula, ikhala eligobhozayo, amehlo alumayo, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.

Lokho kusho ukuthi ama-antihistamine ayimithi elawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, kunokuba umuthi 'owelapha' ukungezwani komzimba.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-antihistamine? Yimiphi umehluko?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-antihistamine. Siwabiza ngokuthi ama-antihistamine esizukulwane sokuqala kanye nesizukulwane sesibili.

Isizukulwane esidala (ama-Antihistamine) - ukozela okwengeziwe

Lezi yizinhlobo zama-antihistamine asekhona isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, i-Chlorpheniramine – umuthi abaningi kini abawazi ngokuthi 'i-Piriton' – ungowaleli qembu lemithi, njengoba kunjalo nange-Diphenhydramine kanye ne-Promethazine.

Nakuba lezi zinhle ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, omunye wemiphumela emibi eyinhloko yale mithi ukuthi ikwenza ulale . Uyakhumbula ukuthi wawuvame ukuthatha amanye amaphilisi okungezwani komzimba futhi wawulala nje usuku lonke? Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi le mithi ithinta nobuchopho bethu.

Futhi, izinto ezinjengomlomo owomile, amehlo omile, kanye nokuqunjelwa ngezinye izikhathi kungavela kulezi zinhlobo zemithi ezindala.

Isizukulwane esisha (ama-Antihistamine) - ukozela okuncane

Lezi yizinhlobo zama-antihistamine ezisetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ezifana neLoratadine, iCetirizine, iFexofenadine, kanye neDesloratadine ziwela kulesi sigaba.

Le mithi yakhelwe ukunciphisa ukozela okwakukhona emithini emidala. Inethonya eliphansi kakhulu ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha le mithi, ukozela akuvamile kakhulu , futhi kwezinye izimo, akwenzeki nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, le mithi ifaneleka kakhulu kulabo abasebenza emini kanye nezingane ezifundayo.

Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe besozela kancane ngenxa yemithi efana ne-Cetirizine. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

Zisetshenziswa kuphi izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antihistamine?

Ama-antihistamine uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungezwani komzimba kanye nezimo ezihlobene nawo.

• I-Allergic Rhinitis: Eyaziwa nangokuthi 'iHay Fever', iyisimo esibangela ikhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, amehlo alumayo, kanye nomphimbo oklwebhekayo. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova.
• I-Urticaria: Ukuvuvukala okuvele ngokuzumayo emzimbeni futhi kubangele ukuqubuka okubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokulunywa kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukudla, imithi, noma ezinye izinto.
• Ukulunywa Nokulunywa Yizinambuzane: Kuqeda ukulunywa nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukulunywa nokulunywa yizinambuzane ezifana nomiyane, iminyovu, kanye neminyovu.
• I-Angioedema: Ngezinye izikhathi isimo lapho izindawo ezizungeze amehlo, izindebe nolimi zivuvukala ngokuzumayo. Ama-antihistamine nawo asetshenziselwa lokhu.
• Umkhuhlane Ovamile: Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi usetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwamakhala uma unomkhuhlane, awuwelapha umkhuhlane, ulawula izimpawu kuphela.
• I-Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema: Iphinde isetshenziswe ezimweni zesikhumba ezilumayo, ikakhulukazi ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuluma.
• Ukugula Kokunyakaza: Ukuhlanza ngenkathi ugibele imoto (isb., imithi emidala efana ne-Dimenhydrinate).
• Ukungalali: Nakuba amanye ama-antihistamine amadala esetshenziswa njengosizo lokulala lwesikhashana ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo zokudambisa ubuthongo, awayona indlela efanele yokwelapha ukungakwazi ukulala isikhathi eside.

Ingabe le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-antihistamine angabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu, kodwa isikhathi esiningi lokhu akukubi kangako.

• Ukozela: Ikakhulukazi kusuka emithini yesizukulwane esidala.
• Umlomo owomile, ikhala, nomphimbo.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukungakhululeki esiswini: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, uhudo, noma ukuqunjelwa.
• Umbono ofiphele (ongavamile).
• Ubunzima bokuchama: Lokhu kungathinta amadoda amadala, ikakhulukazi lawo anezinkinga ze-prostate.

Esikhathini esiningi, le miphumela emibi izophela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ubhekana nayo kakhulu noma iqhubeka, kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela .

Yiziphi izinto okufanele siziqaphele kakhulu lapho sisebenzisa ama-antihistamine?

Nakuba ama-antihistamines ewumuthi ophephile kakhulu, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka siziqaphele lapho siwasebenzisa.

Ukushayela kanye nomsebenzi odinga ukunakwa

Uma uthatha i-antihistamine ekwenza ulale, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho wenza imisebenzi edinga ukunakwa okukhulu, njengokushayela, ukusebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma ukusebenzisa imishini . Ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukugwema ukwenza lolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Nakuba izinhlobo ezintsha zemithi zingase zinciphise ukozela, kungcono ukuqaphela uze wazi ukuthi zikuthinta kanjani.

Omama abakhulelwe nabancelisayo

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, kufanele nakanjani ubuze udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha ama-antihistamine. Amanye ama-antihistamine awafaneleki kulesi sikhathi. Wasebenzise kuphela uma unikezwe udokotela, futhi kuphela njengoba kuqondiswe.

Ezinye izifo nemithi

Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. i-asthma, i-glaucoma, isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izinkinga ze-thyroid, isifo sokuwa, isifo sesibindi noma sezinso), noma uma uthatha eminye imithi (ikakhulukazi imithi yengqondo, eminye imithi yokulala, eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane, ama-antibiotic), kufanele nakanjani wazise udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha (ama-Antihistamine) ngoba eminye imithi ingase ihlangane (nama-Antihistamine).

Uma kunikezwa izingane ezincane

Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu lapho unikeza izingane ezincane ama-antihistamine. Akukuhle kakhulu ukunikeza izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 le mithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Kufanele uzinike umthamo oqondile obekwe udokotela. Ukunikeza okuningi kakhulu kungaba yingozi . Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni sokuzizwa ulele, izingane ezincane zingase zithukuthele.

Ukuphuza utshwala

Uma uthatha ama-antihistamine, ikakhulukazi lawo abangela ukozela, kufanele ugweme ukuphuza utshwala , njengoba utshwala bungandisa ukozela kanye nemiphumela emibi yale mithi.

Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?

Ngokuvamile, ukungezwani komzimba okulula kungaqedwa ngama-antihistamine. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukubona udokotela ezimweni ezinjengalezi:

• Uma uthatha ama-antihistamine kodwa izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba zingapheli, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyacinana, ulimi noma umphimbo wakho uvuvukala uze ungakwazi ukukhuluma, umzimba wakho uphenduka ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uzizwa unesizungu noma uphelelwe amandla. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okusongela impilo okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.
• Uma unesifo sokungezwani komzimba njalo, thola imbangela eqondile bese ucela ukwelashwa.
• Uma imiphumela emibi evela kuma-antihistamine inzima noma uma uthola kunzima ukuyibekezelela.
• Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuthi iyiphi i-antihistamine ekufanele nokuthi kufanele uyithathe isikhathi esingakanani.

Ngakho-ke, umyalezo wokugcina okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu ngama-antihistamine namuhla, akunjalo?

Kalula nje, ama-antihistamine uhlobo lomuthi olungasetshenziswa ngokuphephile ezimweni eziningi ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Kodwa futhi khumbula lezi zinto:

• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-antihistamine: uhlobo oludala, oluthulisa kakhulu kanye nohlobo olusha, olungathulisi kakhulu. Khetha olufanelana kahle nezidingo zakho nemisebenzi yakho.
• Lo muthi ulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, kodwa awukwelaphi ngokuphelele ukungezwani komzimba .
• Uma ukhulelwe, uncelisa, unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, noma uthatha eminye imithi , qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha .
• Qaphela kakhulu umthamo lapho uwunika izingane ezincane.
• Uma uthatha uhlobo olukwenza ulale, qaphela lapho wenza imisebenzi edinga ukunakwa .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa muphi umuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwuthenga ekhemisi, indlela ephephile nephumelelayo kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela bese uwusebenzisa ngokwemiyalelo.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi unezimpendulo zemibuzo yakho eminingi mayelana nama-antihistamine namuhla. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi. Hlala uphilile!

Ama - antihistamine, ukungezwani komzimba, i-histamine, ukuqubuka, i-urticaria, umkhuhlane we-hay, umkhuhlane