Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo utshelwe udokotela ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yenkinga yamaphaphu? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane, unelukuluku, futhi unemibuzo eminingi ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Ungase uzibuze izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Ingabe lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okukhulu? Ingabe kuzolimaza? Kuzokwenzekani ngemva kwalokho?" Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela elula kakhulu nenobungane ngokuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamaphaphu okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-lobectomy.' Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi ngayo.
Kuyini i-lobectomy ngamagama alula?
Kalula nje, i-lobectomy ukususwa kwengxenye (i-lobe) yamaphaphu akho ngokuhlinzwa. Amaphaphu ethu akhiwe ngama-lobe amaningana, noma ama-lobe. Iphaphu lesokudla linama-lobe amathathu kanti iphaphu lesobunxele linama-lobe amabili. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa kuphela ingxenye yephaphu egulayo, kuyilapho kulondolozwa izingxenye ezisele zephaphu ezinempilo.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala (umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona owamangqamuzana amancane). Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela angase anqume ukususa ingxenye encane kuphela ye-lobe esikhundleni se-lobe yonke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-segmentectomy.
Ngaphezu komdlavuza wamaphaphu, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngezinye izizathu eziningana.
| Izizathu zokwenza i-lobectomy |
|---|
| - Izinkinga ezithile zamaphaphu okuzalwa nazo. |
| - Ukulimala kwamaphaphu ngenxa yokutheleleka noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. |
| - Umdlavuza osakazekele emaphashini (i-metastasis) usuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. |
| - Ukopha ngenxa yomonakalo wamaphaphu. |
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Ngokungafani nesikhathi esidlule, kulezi zinsuku, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba, kusetshenziswa ukusikwa okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'izindlela ezingavamile'. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-VATS (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Thoracoscopic Okusizwa Yividiyo):Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza izimbobo eziningana ezincane kakhulu ezimbanjeni zakho, ukufaka ikhamera yevidiyo encane ngesinye kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlinza ngezinye izimbobo esifubeni sakho. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukuhlinzwa ngenkathi ebuka isithombe esicacile samaphaphu akho esikrinini esikhulu. Le ndlela ayidingi ukuphula noma ukuhambisa noma yiziphi izimbambo.
2. AMAGUNDA (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Thoracoscopic Okusizwa Yirobhothi): Lokhu kufana ne-VATS, kodwa lapha udokotela ohlinzayo ulawula imishini ngosizo lwezingalo eziningana zerobhothi.
Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zindlela zombili ukuthi ubuhlungu bunganciphi, ukululama okusheshayo, nokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, odokotela kungadingeka benze ukuhlinzwa ngokwenza ukusika okukhulu esifubeni bese behambisa izimbambo kancane. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-thoracotomy .
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu okufana nalokhu, kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kuhlolwe ngokunembile isimo sakho sempilo.
- Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, noma i-PET scan.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu ukuhlola ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu zamaphaphu noma ama-lymph node ukuze kuhlolwe (i-biopsy).
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-`(ECG)` kanye ne-`(echocardiogram)` ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukwazi ukuthi ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (ukuhlelwa kwesigaba) kubalulekile ekuhleleni ukwelashwa. Futhi, uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wezifo zokubulala izinzwa uzochaza ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ubhema, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokuphelele amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ukwenza kanjalo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Udokotela uzokwazisa kusenesikhathi ukuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzovuswa uthunyelwe egunjini lokululama. Lapha, uzonikezwa imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu bakho. Uma usuphapheme ngokuphelele, ipayipi lokuphefumula lizosuswa. Abantu abaningi abakukhumbuli lokhu.
- Uzobe usudluliselwa ewadini elijwayelekile noma ngezinye izikhathi egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU).
- Kuzofakwa imisele eyodwa noma ezimbili esifubeni sakho ukuze kususwe uketshezi oluningi nomoya endaweni lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlinzwa. Uma inani loketshezi oluphuma kuzo selinciphile, udokotela uzosusa amapayipi.
- Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokukhuthaza ukuthi ukhwehlele njalo futhi wenze izivivinyo zokuphefumula okujulile . Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze amaphaphu akho alulame.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi kanye namadivayisi okucindezela zisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni ngenkathi usembhedeni.
- Ukukusiza ukuthi uhambe ngosuku olulandela ukuhlinzwa nakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuphulukiswa.
Uma uhlinzwa usebenzisa indlela efana ne-VATS noma i-RATS, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu kuphela. Ukululama nakho kuyashesha. Uma uhlinzwa isifuba esivulekile, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine . Uma ubuyela ekhaya, uzonikezwa imithi enamandla yobuhlungu ukuze uyisebenzise cishe isonto. Nakuba ungenza umsebenzi wakho ekhaya, kuhle ukuba nomuntu oseduze ukuze akusize.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu kuhlinzwa ukuthi kunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokwelashwa okuphelele kumuntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala . Lelo ithemba elikhulu. Futhi njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile.
| Izingozi Ezingaba Khona Ezihlobene Nokuhlinzwa | |
|---|---|
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okuvame kakhulu yi-"Atrial Fibrillation". |
| Ukopha | Kungadingeka ukuvula isifuba futhi noma ukunikeza igazi. |
| Ukuvuza komoya emaphashini | Ukuvuza komoya okuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu. |
| Ezinye izingozi | Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni, ukulimala kwemizwa, izifo, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya uma uzivocavoca. |
Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kwe-lobectomy kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ukufa ngenxa yalokhu kuhlinzwa akuvamile kakhulu. Izingozi zingancishiswa kakhulu ngokuthola ukwelashwa esibhedlela kanye nethimba lezokwelapha elinolwazi lokwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa njalo.
Ufuna ukuphinde ubonane nodokotela nini?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, uma uba nezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane , ukubanda, nokukhathala okukhulu , kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha.
Udokotela wakho uzohlela ukuvakasha okulandelayo emasontweni angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Uzothatha i-X-ray yesifuba sakho, ahlole amanxeba akho, bese exoxa ngentuthuko yakho. Kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza wakho, ungathunyelwa kudokotela wezifo zomdlavuza . Isimo sakho sizoqashwa nge-CT scans njalo eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Lobectomy, nakuba kuyindlela enkulu yokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala, kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala.
- Izindlela zesimanje ezifana ne-VATS kanye ne-RATS ziholela ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kanye nokululama okusheshayo.
- Izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela (njengokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula nokuhamba) ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho nganoma yini ongayiqondi noma okhathazekile ngayo.
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