Sonke sizwile igama elithi "cholesterol," akunjalo? Abanye abantu bayayesaba kancane. Kwabanye, lokhu kuyinto evamile. Eqinisweni, i-cholesterol yinto edingwa yimizimba yethu. Kodwa kuphela uma isiphezulu kakhulu lapho kuvela khona izinkinga. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi asibonisi zimpawu ze-cholesterol ephezulu. Yingakho isebenza "njengesitha esithule" futhi ingavula indlela yezimo ezibucayi njengesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, masiqaphele le cholesterol namuhla.
Iyini i-cholesterol? I-cholesterol enhle nembi?
Kalula nje, i-cholesterol uhlobo lwamafutha atholakala egazini lethu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalo.
1. I-LDL (I-Low-Density Lipoprotein): Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi" . Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi yethu njengamapayipi. Lokho okwenziwa yile cholesterol ye-LDL ukugcwala njengodaka ngaphakathi kwalawo mapayipi, kancane kancane kuvimbe indlela yokugeleza kwegazi. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Atherosclerosis'.
2. I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein): Leli yiqhawe lethu, "i-cholesterol enhle." I-HDL iqoqa i-cholesterol embi ebhajwe emithanjeni yakho bese iyiyisa esibindini. Isibindi siyisusa emzimbeni wakho. Kufana nomqoqi kadoti.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okubili, kukhona olunye uhlobo lwamafutha egazini lethu olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides . Ukwenyuka kwala mazinga nakho akukuhle enhliziyweni.
Isibindi sethu sikhiqiza i-cholesterol esiyidingayo. Kodwa sithola i-cholesterol eyengeziwe ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo yezilwane (ubisi, amaqanda, inyama) kanye nokudla okucutshungulwe. Lokhu kutholakala ngobuningi kuma-donuts, i-pizza eqandisiwe, amabhisikidi, amasoseji, kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokubhaka.
Ungazi kanjani ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu?
Nansi into ebalulekile. I-cholesterol ephezulu ayinazo izimpawu. Ungaba namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi amazinga akho e-cholesterol.
Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili yamafutha .
Ubani okufanele abhale lolu vivinyo?
- Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 enze lokhu kuhlolwa okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-5 .
- Izingane zingaba ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi amazinga azo e-cholesterol ahlolwe phakathi kweminyaka engu-9-11, ikakhulukazi uma othile emndenini (umama, ubaba, ugogo nomkhulu) eke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi esemncane.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa amazinga akho e-Total Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, kanye ne-Triglycerides. Udokotela wakho uzobheka la manani, kanye nobudala bakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokuthi uyabhema yini, ukuze anqume ukuthi usengozini yesifo senhliziyo nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele.
Umgomo wethu kufanele kube ukunciphisa i-cholesterol embi (LDL) nokwandisa i-cholesterol enhle (HDL).
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu?
Izinto eziningi endleleni yethu yokuphila kanye nemikhuba yethu ziyakuthinta lokhu. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko.
| Imbangela / isici esithonyayo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukudla | Ukudla okucutshunguliwe, inyama enamafutha, ibhotela, imajarini, neziphuzo ezinoshukela kanye nokudla okulula kuphakamisa amazinga e-LDL kanye ne-triglyceride. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Njengoba isisindo somzimba sanda, i-cholesterol embi (LDL) inganda kanti i-cholesterol enhle (HDL) ingancipha. Lesi simo singagwenywa ngokunciphisa isisindo. |
| Ukungazivocavoci | Ukungazibandakanyi kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba kunganciphisa amazinga e-HDL. Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kungandisa i-HDL. |
| Ukubhema | Ukubhema kwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL) futhi kulimaze imithambo yegazi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi i-cholesterol iqongeleleke. |
| Ubudala nobulili | Amazinga e-cholesterol ayanda ngokwemvelo njengoba sikhula. Abesifazane bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-LDL ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. |
| Ufuzo | Ngezinye izikhathi i-cholesterol ephezulu ingaba yifa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) . |
Ungayishintsha kanjani indlela yakho yokuphila ukuze wehlise i-cholesterol?
Abantu abaningi bangalawula amazinga abo e-cholesterol ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuthatha imithi. Lokhu kungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu: ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nokulawula isisindo.
1. Masidle kahle!
- Nciphisa Amafutha Agcwele Nama-Trans: Nciphisa inyama enamafutha, i-ham, amasoseji, ibhotela, ushizi, ubisi olukhilimu ogcwele, ukusebenzisa ngokweqile uwoyela kakhukhunathi, uwoyela wesundu, kanye ne-margarine emikhiqizweni yokubhaka. Uma iphakethe lokudla lithi "Lifakwe i-hydrogen kancane", kusho ukuthi liqukethe amafutha e-trans.
- Faka amafutha amahle (amafutha angagcwali) ekudleni kwakho: Faka u-avocado, uwoyela womnqumo, uwoyela we-canola, amantongomane anjengamakinati, ama-almond, nama-cashew, kanye nezinhlanzi ezinamafutha njenge-salmon ne-mackerel ekudleni kwakho.
- Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-fiber: Yidla okusanhlamvu okuningi okugcwele njenge-oats, ibhali, irayisi elinsundu, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, ama-lentile, izithelo, nemifino (ikakhulukazi imifino eluhlaza). I-fiber inciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni.
- Yehlisa ushukela: Ukudla okunoshukela omningi, njengeziphuzo ezinoshukela, amakhekhe, namabhisikidi, kwandisa amazinga e-triglyceride. Gwema lokhu ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Ake sizivocavoce!
Zibekele umgomo wokuzivocavoca okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto. Lokhu akudingeki kube yinto enkulu.
- Ukuhamba ngokushesha
- Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili
- Ukusebenza engadini
- Ukubhukuda
Ukuzivocavoca kunciphisa i-cholesterol embi (LDL), kwandisa i-cholesterol enhle (HDL), futhi kuqinisa inhliziyo.
3. Masilawule isisindo sethu!
Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo sobude bakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwehlisa isisindo kungasiza ekwehliseni i-LDL, i-Total Cholesterol, kanye ne-Triglycerides. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza izinguquko ezihlala isikhathi eside kunokumane weqe ukudla bese wehlisa isisindo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Imithi idingeka nini?
Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokushintsha indlela yokuphila kungase kunganeli ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-cholesterol ephezulu eyenzeka emindenini kanye nakulabo abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngisho nangemva kokuqala imithi. Imithi ayithathi indawo yendlela yokuphila, imane nje iyisekelo.
Uhlobo lwemithi oluyinhloko nolusetshenziswa kakhulu lokwehlisa i-cholesterol yi -statins . Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Atorvastatin (Lipitor), i-Rosuvastatin (Crestor), kanye ne-Simvastatin (Zocor). Lokhu kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneminye imithi efana ne-Fibrates, i-Niacin, ne-Ezetimibe. Udokotela wakho uzonquma imithi efanele kakhulu kanye nomthamo wakho.
Imiphumela emibi yemithi
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi emincane. Okuvame kakhulu ubuhlungu bemisipha . Uma uzwa ubuhlungu bemisipha ngemva kokuqala umuthi, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Futhi, abanye abantu bayelulekwa ukuba bagweme ukuphuza ijusi yamagilebhisi lapho bethatha ama-statin, ngoba kungathinta ukusebenza kahle komuthi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-cholesterol iyisitha esithule esingenazo izimpawu. Ngakho-ke ungazifaki engozini futhi uhlole amazinga akho e-cholesterol njalo.
- Qaphela amazinga akho e-cholesterol "amabi" (LDL) kanye "nenhle" (HDL). Umgomo ukwehlisa i-LDL nokwandisa i-HDL.
- Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni ukushintsha indlela yokuphila. Lokho kusho ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, kanye nokulawula isisindo.
- Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ukudla okunamafutha, kanye nokudla okunoshukela ngangokunokwenzeka, bese ufaka imifino, izithelo, amakhambi, okusanhlamvu, namafutha amahle ekudleni kwakho.
- Uma udokotela wakho ekunike imithi, yithathe njengoba uyalelwe. Futhi ungayeki indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngamazinga akho e-cholesterol, uhlelo lokwelashwa, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ongase ube nazo.
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