Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu? Ake sixoxe nge-MALT Lymphoma!

Wake wezwa ngesifo esingajwayelekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-MALT Lymphoma? Mhlawumbe akunjalo. Ngoba singavamile kancane, okusho ukuthi akusona isifo esithinta wonke umuntu. Kodwa kuhle ngathi ukwazi ngaso. Ngoba nalesi uhlobo lomdlavuza. Kodwa ungesabi, sisakazeka kancane emzimbeni. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngaso ngokuningiliziwe, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.

Kuyini i-MALT Lymphoma? Kalula nje...

Kulungile, i-MALT Lymphoma uhlobo oluncane lweqembu elikhulu lomdlavuza elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma'. Ngamanye amazwi, ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-lymphoma akhula kancane okuthiwa 'i-marginal zone lymphoma'.

Lesi sifo sivame ukuthinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65. Sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi odokotela banezindlela zokwelapha ezingelapha lesi sifo. Okusho ukuthi, bangafaka lesi sifo "ekuphumuleni" noma esimweni sokulala. Kodwa-ke, kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi singaphinde sibuye.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-MALT Lymphoma?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-MALT lymphoma:

1. I-Gastric MALT Lymphoma: Lokhu kuqala esiswini sakho, okungukuthi, esiswini. Ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwesisu, esilubiza ngokuthi i-'mucosa' , yilapho luqala khona. Esikhathini esiningi, lolu hlobo luhlala lapho luqale khona, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lungasakazekela ezindaweni ezingaphandle kwesisu. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-MALT lymphoma.

2. I-Non-gastric MALT Lymphoma: Lolu hlobo lungathinta ulwelwesi lwamafinyila emaphashini akho, izindlala zamathe, indlala yegilo kanye nesikhumba . Lungathinta nezicubu ezizungezile amehlo akho, njengemibhobho yezinyembezi .

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

I-MALT lymphoma empeleni iyisifo esingavamile. Ibanga cishe u-7% wazo zonke izinhlobo ze-non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Ukuze sikubeke endaweni efanele lokho, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, abantu abangu-80,550 bazotholakala bene-non-Hodgkin lymphoma ngo-2023 kuphela. Lokho kuqhathaniswa namacala amasha angu-300,590 omdlavuza webele. Ngakho ungabona ukuthi lokhu kungavamile kangakanani.

I-MALT Lymphoma isakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

Leli iphuzu elibalulekile. Lesi sifo sikhula kancane emzimbeni. Ezigabeni zokuqala, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezinkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-MALT lymphoma itholakala ngengozi ngenkathi ihlolwa esinye isifo.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-lymphoma ikuphi. Kodwa-ke, wonke ama-lymphoma e-MALT aqala ngo:Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (`mucosa`). Lolu lwelwesi lwamafinyila luwulwelwesi olumanzi olumboze ingaphakathi lezinye izitho zomzimba wethu.

Izimpawu ze-Gastric MALT Lymphoma

Lokhu kubangelwa yisisu, futhi izimpawu zingase zihlanganise:

• Isilungulela kanye nokungagayi kahle ukudla: Njengokushiswa yinhliziyo kanye nokungagayi kahle ukudla sonke esikwaziyo.
• Isisu esibuhlungu.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukopha kwamathumbu.

Izimpawu ze-Non-gastric MALT Lymphoma

Lolu hlobo lungathinta amehlo, amaphaphu, izindlala zamathe, isikhumba, kanye nendlala yegilo.

Uma amehlo ethintekile:

• Ijwabu leso eligobile.
• Ukubomvu noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo.
• Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo.
• Ukubona okukabili.

Uma amaphaphu ethintekile:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukukhwehlela igazi.

Uma izindlala zamathe zithintekile:

Ukuvuvukala kungabonakala:

• Izindlebe ziphambi.
• Ngaphansi kwesilevu.
• Ngaphakathi komlomo.

Uma isikhumba sithintekile:

• Amabala abomvu, apinki, noma ansomi esikhumbeni.
• Amaqhubu esikhumba.

Uma indlala yegilo ithintekile:

• Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism: Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhathala okukhulu, isikhumba esomile, ukukhuluphala okungaqondakali, noma ukuzwela okukhulu emakhazeni.
• Iqhubu elingaphambili entanyeni.

Yini ebangela i-MALT Lymphoma?

Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zalesi sifo, okuhlanganisa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amagciwane kanye nezinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba .

• Amabhaktheriya namagciwane:
• Ukutheleleka isikhathi eside ngebhaktheriya elithi `H. pylori` kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-gastric MALT lymphoma. `H. pylori` yibhaktheriya ebangela i-gastritis kanye nezilonda esiswini.
• Amanye amabhaktheriya, njenge-'Achromobacter xylosoxidans', i-'Campylobacter jejuni', i-'Borrelia burgdorferi' kanye ne-'C. psittiaci', nawo atholakale ehlotshaniswa nazo zombili izinhlobo ze-MALT lymphoma.
• Igciwane le-Hepatitis C lingahlotshaniswa ne-lymphoma ye-MALT yesisu kanye ne-non-gastric.

• Izinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba:
• `Isifo sikaHashimoto` (isimo esithinta indlala yegilo) kanye `ne-Sjögren's syndrome` (i-Sjögren's syndrome)(Lokhu kubangela izinto ezifana namehlo nomlomo owomile) kungabangela amanye ama-lymphoma e-MALT angewona awesisu.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-MALT Lymphoma?

Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-lymphoma, ungase ube sengozini yokuthola i-MALT lymphoma. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kuwo wonke umuntu.

I-MALT Lymphoma itholakala kanjani?

Odokotela benza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole lesi sifo futhi babone ukuthi sesisabalale kangakanani.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Odokotela bangenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufana nalokhu:

• `I-CBC (inani eliphelele legazi):` ibheka izinhlobo zamaseli egazini.
• `LDH (lactate dehydrogenase): Lokhu kungakhuphuka kweminye imidlavuza.
• `I-CMP (iphaneli ye-metabolic ephelele)` (ukuhlolwa kwe-metabolic okuphelele): Ihlola ukusebenza kwezitho ezifana nezinso nesibindi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hepatitis C.

Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji

Odokotela bangenza i-biopsy kanje:

• Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha wethambo: Ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele emnkantsha wethambo.
• I-biopsy yenaliti: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu eqhubu elisolisayo bese ihlolwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kusolwa ukuthi kune-gastric MALT lymphoma, i-biopsy ingathathwa ngesikhathi se -endoscopy ephezulu , okuhlanganisa ukufaka ikhamera encane ngomlomo ukuhlola isisu.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuthola ukuthi i-lymphoma ikuphi nokuthi isakazeke kangakanani (isigaba):

• `I-computer tomography (CT) scans`.
• `Ukuskena kwe-Positron emission tomography (PET)`.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu

Odokotela bezifo basebenzisa izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuhlola izicubu noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza:

• `Ukuhlolwa kwe-H. pylori`: Kuthathwa isampula ye-biopsy ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ikhona yini le bhaktheriya.
• I-Flow cytometry: Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okusiza ekuboneni uhlobo lwamaseli.

Ukunquma isigaba somdlavuza (se-gastric MALT lymphoma) (Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza)

Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela zokulinganisa umdlavuza ukuhlela ukwelashwa nokubikezela umphumela olindelekile ngemva kokwelashwa. Nge-gastric MALT lymphoma, enye yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo ingasetshenziswa:

• Isigaba I: Umdlavuza usengxenyeni engaphakathi yesisu kuphela.
• Isigaba II: Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node aseduze, kuma-lymph node akude, noma ezithweni nasezicutshini eziseduze.
• Isigaba IV:Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node amaningana, emnkantsheni wamathambo, kanye nangaphezulu nangaphansi kwe-diaphragm.
• Ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi iSigaba III se-gastric MALT lymphoma.

Iphathwa kanjani i-MALT Lymphoma?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwe-MALT lymphoma, imbangela yalo, kanye nesigaba salesi sifo. Isibonelo, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-MALT lymphoma yesisu yesigaba sokuqala ingelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic, ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori.

Izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:

• `Ukulinda okuqaphile/ukuqapha okusebenzayo`: Odokotela bangase batuse le ndlela kubantu abane-MALT lymphoma yesigaba sokuqala abangabonisi zimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukubheka lesi sifo ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
• Ama-antibiotic: Lokhu kwelashwa kubulala i-bacterium H. pylori, ebangela i-gastric MALT lymphoma. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukubulala i-H. pylori kungaze kwelaphe lesi sifo.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Odokotela bangase basebenzise ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukwelapha zombili izinhlobo ze-MALT lymphoma.
• Ukwelashwa nge-antibody ye-monoclonal: Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza abantu abane-gastric MALT lymphoma engaphenduli ekwelashweni ngemisebe noma labo abane-non-gastric MALT lymphoma.

Ingabe i-MALT Lymphoma ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-gastric MALT lymphoma yesigaba sokuqala, ikakhulukazi leyo ebangelwa yi-H. pylori, ingelapheka ngama-antibiotic. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kungafaka lesi sifo 'ekukhululweni' , okungukuthi, esimweni sokungalali. Kodwa-ke, singabuya ('siphindaphinda').

Iyini inkomba yokubikezela lesi sifo?

Ungase ukhululeke ukuzwa lokhu. Abantu abane-MALT lymphoma bangaphila iminyaka eminingi, noma ngabe lesi sifo siphinde sibuye ngemva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi siwuhlobo olukhula kancane.

Lingakanani izinga lokusinda?

Ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa, cishe abantu abangu-88% abane-MALT lymphoma basaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi la mazinga okusinda ayizilinganiso nje ezisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye kanye nedatha eqoqwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kungahluka. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukukunikeza ulwazi.

Ingabe i-MALT Lymphoma ingavinjelwa?

Eqinisweni, abacwaningi bezokwelapha abakazazi zonke izici ezibangela ukuba abantu bahlakulele lesi sifo. Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthiUkugwema ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-gastric MALT lymphoma.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Abantu abaningi badinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha impilo yabo yonke. Lokhu kusho ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi isifo sesibuyile yini. Ngokuvamile, uzodinga ukuhlolwa nokuskena njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu. Ngemva kwalokho, kuzodingeka uhlolwe kanye ngonyaka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Abantu abane-MALT lymphoma bavame ukubona odokotela babo njalo. Kodwa-ke, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unalokhu:

• Uma une-MALT Lymphoma futhi ubona izinguquko ezintsha (okungaba yizimpawu) emzimbeni wakho.
• Uma uphathwa futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu.
• Uma 'usekukhululweni', okungukuthi, lapho isifo sesithuthukile, ubona izinguquko endleleni esizizwa ngayo, njengokungathi isifo 'siyaphinda'.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma une-MALT lymphoma, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Nginaluphi uhlobo lwe-MALT lymphoma?
• Iyini isigaba sesifo sami?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa?
• Uma ngidinga ukwelashwa, iyiphi indlela yokwelapha ongayincoma?
• Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo okufanele ngikucabangele?

Khumbula: I-MALT Lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluthinta ulwelwesi lwezitho zethu nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, uhlobo lwe-non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ikhula kancane, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ayibangeli zimpawu ezinkulu. Odokotela bangayilapha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bayayelapha. Kodwa lesi sifo singabuya, ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Uma unalesi sifo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho ongakulindela.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Kulungile, ake ngikutshele izinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-MALT Lymphoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olukhula kancane kancane. Ungesabi, kodwa qaphela.
• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: isisu (esiswini) kanye nesingesona isisu (kwezinye izindawo).
• Ibhaktheriya ethi 'H. pylori' iyimbangela enkulu ye-gastritis.
• Izimpawu zincike ekutheni i-lymphoma ikuphi, futhi kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ekuqaleni.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingalapheka ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza wesisu.
• Lesi sifo singaphinde sibuye ngemva kokuphela, ngakho-ke kufanele uqhubeke uqashwe udokotela.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Yilokho okungcono kakhulu ongakwenza.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- MALT lymphoma, i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, umdlavuza, i-gastric MALT lymphoma, i-H. pylori, izimpawu ze-lymphoma, ukwelashwa kwe-lymphoma