Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza webele futhi udokotela wakho ekutshela ngokuhlinzwa kwebele, kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, ushaqekile, futhi udabukile. "Ngenzenjani manje?", "Ingabe lokhu kuzongilimaza?", "Impilo yami izobe injani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?" Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi egijima engqondweni yakho. Yonke le mizwa inengqondo. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokukhululekile nangaphandle kokwesaba. Uma usunolwazi oluphelele ngalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukwesaba kwakho kungancipha kakhulu.
Kuyini ngempela i-mastectomy?
Kalula nje, i-mastectomy uhlobo lokuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele oluhilela ukususa izicubu ebeleni lakho ngokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, izicubu zonke zebele elilodwa noma womabili ziyasuswa.
Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha enkulu yezinhlobo eziningi nezigaba zomdlavuza webele. Futhi, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza webele, isibonelo ngenxa yezizathu zofuzo. Kubantu abanjalo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa njengendlela yokuvimbela ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza uqale.
Isinqumo sokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa siyinto yomuntu siqu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto evamile ukuba nemizwa exubile ngakho. Nakuba ungase uzizwe sengathi udinga ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha ukuze uqede umdlavuza, ungase uzizwe udangele futhi uzisole ngokulahlekelwa yilinye lamabele akho. Konke lokhu kuyimpendulo evamile neqondakalayo.
Umdlavuza welashwa kanjani ngokuhlinzwa kwebele?
Uma unomdlavuza webele, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba iwukuwasusa. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-mastectomy kususa zonke izicubu zebele ezingase zibe namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemuva .
Ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza webele olashwa ngalokhu kuhlinzwa yilezi:
- I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
- Umdlavuza Webele Ovuvukalayo
- I-Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
- Isifo SikaPaget Sebele
- Umdlavuza Webele Ongemuhle Kathathu
Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungenziwa kunoma yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba ufike eSigabeni IV. Isigaba IV yilapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona (ususakazeke kakhulu) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kwebele. Kuleli qophelo, ukususa ibele kuphela kungase kunganeli ukuvimba umdlavuza ukuthi ungasabalali.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-mastectomy?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi izicubu zisusiwe kangakanani. Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe futhi anqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukufanele.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa Kwesisu Okuyingxenye (Ukususwa Kwesilonda Esincane) | Lokhu akususi lonke ibele. Kususwa isimila somdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Lena inketho enhle yomdlavuza osesigabeni sokuqala. |
| Ukususwa Kwesisu Okuphelele (Ukususwa Kwesisu Okulula) | Kule nqubo, zonke izicubu zebele ziyasuswa, kodwa imisipha yesifuba engaphansi kwebele ayisuswa. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Okuphindwe Kabili (Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Kwamabele Amabili) | Uma kukhona umdlavuza emabeleni womabili, noma uma kunengozi enkulu yokuthi umdlavuza usabalale uye kwelinye ibele, womabili amabele ayasuswa ngesikhathi esisodwa. |
| Ukususwa kwesisu okunokonga isikhumba / Ukususwa kwezingono | Nakuba izicubu zebele zisusiwe, isikhumba kanye/noma ingono ziyasala. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa uma ibele liphinde lakhiwa kabusha kamuva. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu Okuguquliwe Okukhulu | Lapha, zonke izicubu zebele kanye nama-lymph node e-axillary ziyasuswa, njengoba umdlavuza webele usakazekela kula ma-node kuqala. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu Okungavimbeli Ukuhlinzwa Kwesisu | Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuvimbela umdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunconywa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza ngenxa yezinguquko ezithile zofuzo (isib. i-BRCA, ikhasi 53 ). |
Silungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela wakho uzochaza yonke imininingwane mayelana nohlobo lokuhlinzwa ozokwenziwa, ukuthi uzokwakhiwa kabusha yini amabele ngemva kwalokho, kanye nesikhathi sokululama. Ungahlela imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngokufanele.
Izinto okufanele uzilungiselele:
- Ukuyeka ukubhema: Uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke nakanjani. Ukubhema kungaphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kulibazise ukuphola kwenxeba.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Landela leyo miyalelo kahle.
- Ukuhlela ukuhlala kwakho esibhedlela: Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Hlela ukuba othile anakekele imisebenzi yasekhaya kanye neyomsebenzi phakathi naleso sikhathi.
- Umuntu ozokusiza ekhaya: Kubalulekile ukuba nomuntu ozokusiza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kungaba nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukuphakamisa ingalo yakho, ngakho-ke kuyasiza kakhulu ukuba nomuntu ozokusiza ekulungiseleleni ukudla nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile (`I-Anesthesia Ejwayelekile`). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe lutho, uzobe ulele.
1. I-Anesthesia: Ulaliswa ngokuphelele.
2. Ukuhlinzwa: Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa izicubu zebele, futhi uma kudingeka, ususa amaqhubu asemakhwapheni.
3. I-Biopsy: Izicubu ezisusiwe zithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
4. Ukwakhiwa kabusha: Uma usunqume ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebele, udokotela ohlinzayo angaqala inqubo ngokushesha noma ingenziwa ngosuku olulandelayo.
5. Ukuthunga inxeba: Ekugcineni, inxeba liyathungwa bese kufakwa ipayipi lesikhashana ukuze kukhishwe noma yiluphi uketshezi oluqongelela ngaphakathi kwenxeba. Leli payipi kuzodingeka lishiywe endaweni yalo cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili.
Yiziphi izinkinga kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, i-mastectomy ingabangela izinkinga ezincane, kodwa lezi zivame ukuphathwa.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ezigabeni zokuqala:
- Ukutheleleka ngamanxeba: Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, futhi odokotela bakhathazekile kakhulu ngakho.
- I-Hematoma: Iqoqo legazi ngaphansi kwesilonda. Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu.
- I-Seroma: Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa uketshezi oluqongelela ngaphakathi kwesilonda.
- Ukulahlekelwa igazi eliya ezicutshini (i-Flap Necrosis): Uma igazi eliya ezicutshini ezisikiwe linqanyulwa, izicubu zingafa. Kulesi simo, udokotela uzosusa izicubu ezifile bese emboza indawo ngesikhumba esithathwe kwenye indawo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona kamuva:
- I-Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS):Ukulimala kwemizwa kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba, ukusha, ukulunywa, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu. Lokhu kungelashwa ngemithi.
- I-Lymphedema: Uma uhlelo lwe-lymphatic lonakele ngesikhathi sokususwa kwezinwele emakhwapheni, uketshezi lwe-lymph lunganqwabelana engalweni bese lubangela ukuvuvukala. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlikihla kungasiza ekulawuleni lezi zimpawu.
Isikhathi sokululama nangale kwalokho
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe usuku olulodwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kuzothatha cishe amasonto amathathu ukuthi inxeba liphole ngokuphelele. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, udokotela nabahlengikazi bazokufundisa ukuthi ungaligcina kanjani inxeba lihlanzekile futhi unakekele ipayipi lokuhambisa amanzi.
Phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala , ungase uzizwe ukhathele, ubuhlungu, futhi uqinile engalweni yakho, ehlombe, nasesifubeni . Kuzoba nzima ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukuphakamisa ingalo yakho ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke phumula ngokwanele. Ama-painkiller angasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngezivivinyo ezilula ongayenza ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina. Ukwenza lezi zivivinyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiseleni ukusebenza kwengalo yakho.
Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi imizwa iphole, ngakho-ke ungase uzwe ukungabi namizwa nokuthuthumela esifubeni sakho izinyanga ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuvamile.
Ngesikhathi umzimba wakho uphulukiswa, nikeza ingqondo yakho isikhathi sokuphulukiswa. Ukukhuluma ngemizwa ehambisana nalesi sipiliyoni, ukuhlangana nomeluleki noma iqembu lokusekelana nabanye abake badlula kulesi sipiliyoni esifana nesakho kungaba usizo kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwebele kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yomdlavuza webele. Ungesabi.
- Ukwaziswa kahle ngokuhlinzwa kanye nenqubo ehilelekile kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukwesaba kwakho nokungaqiniseki.
- Ukulungiselela kahle ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kuzokwenza inqubo yokuphulukiswa ibe lula. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukubhema.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama. Nikeza umzimba nengqondo yakho ukuphumula. Landela imiyalelo yokuzivocavoca kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Uma unenkinga, njengobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka (ububomvu, umkhuhlane), yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Khumbula, awuwedwa.
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