Iphrotheni engavamile egazini lakho? Ake sixoxe nge-MGUS (i-Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance)!

Cishe uke waya kudokotela, noma ngisho ukuze nje wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi, futhi bakutshele ngesifo esinegama elingavamile ongakaze uzwe ngalo ngaphambili. I-MGUS (ebizwa nangokuthi i-M-Gas ngabanye) ingenye yalezo zimo, isimo esikwenza uzizwe wesaba kancane uma uzwa igama, kodwa akucaci ukuthi liyini ngempela. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe nge-MGUS (i-Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-MGUS (i-Monoclonal Gammopathy yokubaluleka okunganqunywanga)?

Kalula nje, i-MGUS yisimo esithinta uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli elibizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-plasma, ayingxenye yegazi lethu futhi atholakala emnkantsheni wamathambo. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ayini la maseli e-plasma. Lawa maseli e-plasma angamalungu abaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukukhiqiza amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies asiza umzimba wethu ukuzivikela ezifweni.

Kodwa kumuntu one-MGUS, la maseli e-plasma ayashintsha kancane, futhi esikhundleni sama-antibodies angempela okufanele awenze, akhiqiza uhlobo oluhlukile, olungavamile lweprotheyini olubizwa ngokuthi "amaprotheni eM." Lawa maphrotheyini eM empeleni awenzi lutho emizimbeni yethu. Esikhathini esiningi, la maphrotheyini eM awabangeli umonakalo omkhulu, futhi abantu abaningi abane-MGUS abanazo izimpawu. Ngokuvamile, udokotela uthola lesi simo ngengozi lapho enza ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma komchamo ngesinye isizathu.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuthi i-MGUS ibe yingozi kakhulu futhi ikhule ibe umdlavuza wegazi noma esinye isifo segazi esibi kakhulu. Yingakho odokotela, uma sebekwazi ukuthi une-MGUS, benza ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 noma kanye ngonyaka ukuze babone ukuthi iphenduka into eyingozi kakhulu.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Nakuba noma ubani angaba nalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-MGUS, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba naso.

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-MGUS. Le ngozi iyanda kancane njengoba ukhula. Umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 unethuba elingu-3% kuya ku-5% lokuthola lesi simo. Uma ubheka abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-75, lokhu kungaba ngu-5%.
• I-MGUS ivame kakhulu kubantu abamnyama .
• Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola i-MGUS kunabesifazane.
• Abantu abanomlando wokuchayeka ezibulala-zinambuzane noma ezibulala-zinambuzane nabo basengozini.

I-MGUS iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wami?

Njengoba sesikhulume ngakho ngaphambili, i-MGUS ibangelwa ukuthi umnkantsha wakho wamathambo ukhiqiza amangqamuzana e-plasma angajwayelekile. Cabanga ngakho njengoba amangqamuzana e-plasma omuntu ophilile efana namasosha aqeqeshiwe. Akha izikhali ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies aqondene negciwane ngalinye. Lawa ma-antibodies yiwo asisiza sibone futhi silwe namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu, asivikele ezifweni.

Kodwa ku-MGUS, la maseli e-plasma "ayahlanya" kancane futhi enza amaprotheni e-M. Lawa maprotheni e-M aqoqana egazini lethu futhi ahamba emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa maprotheni e-M angavamile aqoqana egazini nasemchameni wethu futhi angalimaza izinso zakho, inhliziyo, kanye nemizwa. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa uma kunamaprotheni e-M amaningi egazini lakho, ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa namagciwane nalo lingancishiswa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ugule kalula.

Ingabe i-MGUS ingumdlavuza?

Nasi umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Cha, i-MGUS ayiwona umdlavuza uqobo. Kodwa-ke, yisimo esingaba umdlavuza. Ngamanye amazwi, i-MGUS ingacatshangwa njengesimo "sangaphambi komdlavuza" esandulela umdlavuza.

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-20% abane-MGUS bazogcina benomdlavuza wegazi obizwa ngokuthi i-multiple myeloma . Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu one-MGUS ozoba nomdlavuza, kodwa cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu usengozini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu abane-MGUS bangase babe nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi noma izifo ezingathi sína ezihlobene negazi. Isibonelo:

• I-Amyloidosis
• I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
• I-leukemia ye-lymphocytic engapheli (CLL)

Okubalulekile: Akuwona wonke umuntu one-MGUS ozoba nomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo ngenxa yengozi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-MGUS?

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, isikhathi esiningi i-MGUS ayibangeli zimpawu ezithile. Leyo ingenye yezinkinga ezinkulu ngayo. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu. Uma beba nazo, bangase babe nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Umuzwa wokuthuthumela ezithweni.
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka futhi ungenampilo .
• Umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa kwezinye izindawo.

Lezi zimpawu zingaba izimpawu zezinye izimo eziningi, ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi une-MGUS ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Yini ebangela i-MGUS?

Eqinisweni, odokotela abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani amangqamuzana e-plasma emnkantsheni wethu eshintsha futhi aqale ukwenza amaprotheni e-M. Yilokho okushiwo yingxenye ethi "Undetermined Significance" yegama lesifo.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile okucatshangwa ukuthi zinegalelo kulesi simo:

• Izinguquko zofuzo: Ezinye izinguquko ezakhiweni zethu zofuzo zingabangela lokhu.
• Ukuba nezifo ze-autoimmune:Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abanezifo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana omzimba (njenge-rheumatoid arthritis) banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-MGUS.
• Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba: Eminye imithi esetshenziswa kulezi zifo ingaba nomthelela.
• Ukuchayeka emazingeni aphezulu emisebeni.
• Ukuchayeka ezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane.

Lezi yizinto eziyingozi ezitholakale njengamanje, kodwa ngisho nomuntu ongenazo lezi zinto angaba ne-MGUS.

Odokotela baxilonga kanjani i-MGUS?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-MGUS itholakala ngengozi. Udokotela uzohlola igazi lakho nomchamo ukuze athole amaprotheni e-M. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazobheka ezinye izici eziningana ukuze bahlole ingozi yokuthi i-MGUS ibe umdlavuza noma esinye isifo segazi esibi kakhulu. Lezi zici eziyingozi yilezi:

• Inani le-M protein egazini lakho: Uma inani le-M protein liphezulu, kulapho ingozi iba nkulu khona.
• Uhlobo lweprotheyini ye-M egazini lakho: Kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaprotheni e-M. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyingozi kakhulu kunezinye.
• Inani lamaketanga okukhanya akhululekile (i-FLC) egazini lakho: I-FLC nayo uhlobo lweprotheni ekhiqizwa amaseli e-plasma. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FLC kubheka amazinga angajwayelekile alawa.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi umuntu onazo zonke lezi zinto ezintathu eziyingozi unethuba elingu-58% lokuthola i-leukemia zingakapheli iminyaka engama-20. Ngokufanayo, umuntu ongenazo lezi zinto eziyingozi unethuba elingu-5% lokuthola i-leukemia zingakapheli iminyaka engama-20. Ngakho-ke lezi zivivinyo zingasiza udokotela wakho aqonde izinga lakho lobungozi.

Iphathwa kanjani i-MGUS?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi labantu abane-MGUS abadingi ukwelashwa. Ngoba, njengoba sishilo, iningi labantu alinazo izinkinga ngakho futhi alinazo izimpawu.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-MGUS ingaphenduka umdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzohlola izinga le-M protein egazini lakho nasemchameni njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 noma kanye ngonyaka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukulinda ngokuqapha." Njengomlindi, udokotela ubheka ukuthi kukhona yini okushintshayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abane-MGUS bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa amathambo noma ukuphuka. Uma usengozini, udokotela wakho angakunika imithi yokuqinisa amathambo akho kanye namanye amathiphu okwandisa ukuqina kwamathambo.

Ingabe i-MGUS ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, cha. Asikwazi ukuvimbela lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-MGUS. Ngoba sibangelwa izinguquko ezithile ezakhiweni zethu zofuzo (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo), lapho kwakheka khona amangqamuzana e-plasma angajwayelekile, futhi lawo maseli aqala ukukhiqiza amaprotheni e-M. Lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ziyizinto esingenakuzilawula.

Kwenzekani uma une-MGUS? Yini ongayilindela?

Ngokuvamile, abantu abaningi abane-MGUS bangaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Amaphesenti amancane kuphela aba nomdlavuza wegazi noma ezinye izifo zegazi esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo wakho kubonisa ukuthi une-M protein, kuzodingeka uphinde uhlolwe igazi nomchamo njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukusiza odokotela bakho baqaphe isimo sakho ukuze babone ukuthi siya siba sibi yini. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kucasula kancane, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Nakuba imbangela eqondile ye-MGUS ingaziwa, sikhulume ngokuxhumana phakathi kwezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba, ukwelashwa kwazo, amazinga aphezulu emisebe, kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane. Kuvamile futhi kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.

• Uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi ungase ube ne-MGUS, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikubangela ingozi bese uxoxa ngokuhlolwa uma kudingeka.
• Uma usuvele une-MGUS, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Hlola ngesikhathi.
• Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha, njengokungazweli, ubuthakathaka, nokulahlekelwa umuzwa esixoxe ngawo ekuqaleni, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

I-MGUS yisimo esingakaqondwa ngokugcwele ngisho nesayensi yezokwelapha. Njengoba igama lisho, kusenezinto eziningi esingazazi ngaso. Isibonelo, akucaci ngokuphelele ukuthi abanye abantu abanalesi simo bahlakulela kanjani umdlavuza wegazi noma izifo zegazi ezimbi kuyilapho abanye bengasiqondi.

Kodwa odokotela baqala kancane kancane ukuxazulula lezi zimfihlakalo. Uma une-MGUS, odokotela manje sebengabikezela ngezinga elithile ukuthi kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi ube nezifo ezinkulu. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinto eziyingozi ezingakubeka engozini yokuthola i-MGUS. Ngokusekelwe kulolo lwazi, unganquma ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukuthi uhlolwe lesi simo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ungesabi uma uzwa igama elithi MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance). Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

• I-MGUS ayiyona umdlavuza, kodwa yisimo esingaholela kumdlavuza.
• Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu futhi abadingi ukwelashwa.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nokuhlolwa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho. Bakhona ukuzokusiza.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lukusizile ukuthi uqonde kangcono i-MGUS. Khumbula, awuwedwa, odokotela bakho nabathandekayo bakho banawe.

` I-MGUS, i-Monoclonal Gammopathy yokubaluleka okungakacaci, iphrotheni ye-M, amaseli e-plasma, umnkantsha wamathambo, umdlavuza wegazi, izifo zegazi, i-Multiple Myeloma