Ingabe nawe ukhiqiza amatshe e-uric acid ezinso zakho? Masiqaphele lokhu!

Ingabe uzizwa ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki uma uchama? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona igazi elincane emchameni wakho. Empeleni kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma kwenzeka into efana nale. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokuba namahloni ngalokhu noma ukukugcina kuwe. Ngoba lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi “amatshe e-uric acid” akheka ezinso. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula ngokuthi ayini la matshe e-uric acid, akha kanjani, ayini izimpawu, ukuthi angelashwa kanjani, nokuthi angavinjelwa kanjani.

Ayini amatshe e-uric acid?

Kalula nje, amatshe e-uric acid angenye yezinhlobo ezine zamatshe ezinso. Itshe lezinso liyinqwaba eqinile yamaminerali nosawoti emzimbeni wethu eyakheka emchameni. Libukeka njengetshe elincane. Angakheka ezinso zakho noma kuphi ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo - ingxenye yomzimba wakho lapho umchamo uphuma khona emzimbeni wakho. Amatshe e-uric acid angabangela ubuhlungu uma uchama kanye negazi emchameni wakho (hematuria). Ungesabi uma unalezi zimpawu. Kodwa kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole ukuthi kuyini ngempela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi azikho ezinye izinkinga.

Iyini i-uric acid?

I-uric acid ingumkhiqizo ongcolile egazini lethu. Yakhiwa lapho imizimba yethu iphula izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-purines". Lawa ma-purines avame ukutholakala enyameni, ikakhulukazi inyama ebomvu njengenyama yenkomo nengulube, nakwezinye iziphuzo ezidakayo njengobhiya notshwala. Ngokuvamile, iningi lale uric acid liyancibilika egazini, lidlule ezinso, bese likhishwa emzimbeni ngomchamo. Kodwa-ke, amatshe e-uric acid aqala ukwakheka lapho:

• Uma izinga le-uric acid emchameni wakho liphezulu kakhulu .
• Uma umchamo wakho uhlala une-asidi kakhulu .

Zombili lezi zizathu zingaba nomthelela.

Avame kangakanani amatshe e-uric acid?

Abacwaningi bathi emazweni afana ne-United States, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi uzoba netshe lezinso empilweni yakhe. Kulawa, amatshe e-uric acid angu-8% kuya ku-10%. Lesi simo sesivamile naseSri Lanka.

Ziyini izimpawu zamatshe e-uric acid?

Izimpawu zamatshe e-uric acid zifana nezezinye izinhlobo zamatshe ezinso. Uphawu oluyinhloko ubuhlungu . Lobuhlungu bubangelwa ukucindezeleka okuvela ematsheni, kungaba ngaphakathi kwezinso noma emgudwini womchamo, okubangela ukuba ahlale noma alimale. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu:

• Esiswini esingezansi.
• Ama-Flanks.
• Esiswini.
• Endaweni ephakathi kwamathanga (`I-Groin`).

Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonakale zifaka:

• Igazi emchameni.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza .
• Imfiva.
• Ukuzizwa ubanda (`Ukugodola`).
• Ukuba nephunga elibi emchameni.
• Umchamo onombala omnyama.

Lawa matshe e-uric acid akheka kanjani?

Uma amazinga akho e-uric acid ephezulu (ngokwezokwelapha abizwa ngokuthi i-hyperuricemia), amakristalu e-uric acid aqala ukwakheka. Lawa makristalu e-uric acid ahlangana nezinye izinto emzimbeni ukuze akhe itshe eliqinile. Bese itshe liba likhulu kakhulu. Lingaba sezinso ngokwalo, noma lingahamba emgudwini womchamo bese libhajwa ku-ureter. Silibiza ngokuthi itshe le-ureteral. Uma lawa matshe emancane kakhulu, angaphuma emzimbeni ngomchamo, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kobuhlungu noma ngobuhlungu obuncane. Kodwa uma engabhajwa, angabhajwa ezinso, kuma-ureter, kwesinye, noma ku-urethra, avimbele ukugeleza komchamo. Yilapho ubuhlungu nezinye izimpawu ziqala khona ukuvela, ngoba lawa matshe alimaza izindonga zamapayipi avaliwe.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zamatshe e-uric acid?

Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani umchamo wakho uba ne-asidi kakhulu yilezi:

Ukungakwazi komzimba ukulawula kahle i-uric acid noma iphrotheni ekudleni

Uma imizimba yethu ingakwazi ukulawula kahle i-uric acid noma iphrotheni, i-asidi yomchamo iyanda. Lesi simo ngokuvamile siyinto ongayizuza kubazali bakho. Esinye isimo esihlobene nalokhu yi-"Gout". I-Gout ibangela amazinga aphezulu e-uric acid egazini kanye nokwakheka kwamakristalu abuhlungu emalungeni.

Ukudla ukudla okunama-purines amaningi

Amaprotheni ezilwane, njengenyama yenkomo, inkukhu, ingulube, amaqanda, nenhlanzi, aphezulu kuma-purine. Lawa atholakala kakhulu ezithweni zezilwane njengesibindi nezinso (amathole, izinso). Uma udla kakhulu lolu hlobo lwamaprotheni ezilwane, i-uric acid inganqwabelana emchameni wakho. Lokhu kunganqwabelana futhi kwakheke amatshe, kungaba ewodwa noma ehlanganiswe ne-calcium. Kodwa-ke, ukudla kuphela akuyona imbangela yamatshe e-uric acid. Avame ukwakheka kubantu abadla ukudla okunama-purines amaningi futhi abathambekele ekubunjweni kwamatshe ngokwezakhi zofuzo.

Ezinye izimbangela zamazinga aphezulu e-uric acid

Kunezinye izizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amazinga e-uric acid angakhuphuka:

• Inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) engaphezu kuka-25 (okusho ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile ).
• Eminye imithi kanye nezithasiselo, isibonelo, ama-diuretics kanye nama-immunosuppressants .
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza.
• Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili.
• Ukwengeza usawoti noshukela omningi ekudleni.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wamatshe ezinso.
• Ukungawutholi umsebenzi owanele womzimba.
• Njengoba ngihlinzwe ukwehlisa isisindo (`ukuhlinzwa kweBariatric`).

Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu, uma ungaphuzi amanzi anele , usengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola hhayi nje amatshe e-uric acid, kodwa nezinye izinhlobo zamatshe ezinso.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole amatshe e-uric acid?

Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lwetshe lezinso. Ingozi yabo yokuphila konke yokuthola itshe icishe ibe ngu-19%. Kwabesifazane, ingozi icishe ibe ngu-9%. Iningi labantu alitholi itshe lezinso ngaphambi kokuba lifinyelele eminyakeni engu-30. Kodwa lingawathola kusenesikhathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasezinganeni ezincane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngamatshe e-uric acid?

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwetshe lezinso lwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD). Uma unetshe elilodwa, usengozini enkulu yokuthola elinye eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa ezayo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ungawabona kanjani amatshe e-uric acid?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, abuze ngezimpawu zakho, futhi enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uma esola ukuthi unetshe le-uric acid, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze kuqinisekiswe.

Ziyini lezi zivivinyo?

Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola amazinga aphezulu e-uric acid noma i-calcium egazini, futhi kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uqoqe isampula yomchamo yamahora angama-24 ukuze uhlole inani le-uric acid ne-calcium emchameni wakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: I-CT scan noma i-ultrasound scan ingasiza ekutholeni indawo eqondile yamatshe emgudwini womchamo. La ma-scan angathola ngisho namatshe amancane kakhulu. Ama-X-ray esisu awavame ukusetshenziswa ngale njongo, njengoba engaphuthelwa amatshe amancane.
• Ukuhlaziywa kwamatshe: Unganikwa umshini wokuhlunga okhethekile bese ucelwa ukuthi uchame ngawo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubamba noma yimaphi amatshe aphuma nomchamo wakho. Amatshe abe esethunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ahlolwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi aluhlobo luni lwetshe. Ngokuhlaziya itshe ngale ndlela, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi yini ebangele ukwakheka kwetshe nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ulivimbele ukuthi lingaphinde libunjwe.

Ungawelapha kanjani amatshe e-uric acid?

Uma itshe lingaphansi kwamamilimitha angu-7, okusho ukuthi lincane kakhulu, lingase lidlule lodwa. Lokhu kungathatha cishe amasonto amathathu. Kodwa-ke, noma itshe elinjalo lidlula lodwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuvimbela amatshe e-uric acid ukuthi angaphinde akheke. Nazi ezinye izinto ezenzekayo uma uphuza amanzi amaningi:

• Ukuhlushwa kwamaminerali emchameni wakho kuyancipha. Uketshezi luncibilikisa amaminerali futhi lwenze kube lula ukuwakhipha nomchamo wakho.
• Kukhuthaza ukuchama njalo, okukhipha amakhemikhali angabangela amatshe.

Odokotela batusa ukuphuza uketshezi olwanele ukukhiqiza amalitha angaba ngu-2.5 omchamo ngosuku. Ukuze ukhiqize umchamo omningi kangako, udinga ukuphuza amalitha angaba ngu-3 oketshezi ngosuku. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imizimba yethu ilahlekelwa uketshezi ngokujuluka nokuzivocavoca. Nakuba kubalulekile ukuphuza noma yiluphi uhlobo loketshezi, ukuphuza amanzi kungcono kakhulu .

Ingabe ikhona imithi engancibilikisa amatshe e-uric acid?

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamatshe ezinso, amatshe e-uric acid yiwona kuphela uhlobo olungancibilikiswa ngemithi . Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi esetshenziselwa lokhu:

• Amaphilisi e-potassium citrate (isib. i-Urocit-K®).
• Amaphilisi e-calcium carbonate (isib. i-Tums®).
• `I-Allopurinol` (`I-Allopurinol`).

Amaphilisi e-potassium citrate noma i-calcium carbonate asebenza ngokwenza umchamo wakho ube ne-alkaline kakhulu. I-Allopurinol yehlisa amazinga e-uric acid yakho. Uma udokotela wakho ekunike le mithi, kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kanye nayo. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kusiza ekuncibilikiseni i-uric acid. Udokotela wakho angase akunike nemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-alpha-blockers, engasiza izinso zakho ukuthi zikhiphe amatshe ngokushesha.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?

Kungase kudingeke uhlinzwe uma itshe lakho le-uric acid likwesinye salezi zimo:

• Uma itshe likhulu kakhulu .
• Uma kuvimbela ukugeleza komchamo.
• Uma kubangela ukutheleleka .
• Uma ungaphumi ngemva kwamasonto amane noma ayisithupha.

Ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa zifaka phakathi izindlela ``ezingena kakhulu`` noma ``ezingangeni``. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• I-Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa amaza omsindo anamandla aphezulu ukuphula amatshe. Akukho ukusikwa noma yini efakwa emzimbeni.
• ``Ureteroscopy``: Kule nqubo, udokotela ufaka ithuluzi elide, elincane (``i-endoscope``) nge-urethra yakho lingene kwi-ureter ethintekile. Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esesebenzisa ``ibhasikidi`` elincane ukususa itshe. Ngezinye izikhathi ``i-laser`` ingasetshenziswa ukuphula itshe nokususa izingcezu.
• I-Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Le nqubo isetshenziselwa amatshe amakhulu. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision encane emhlane wakho bese ingena ezinso. Itshe liyasuswa, noma itshe liyaqhekeka kuqala bese lisuswa.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uthumela itshe noma izingcezu zetshe elabhorethri ukuze zihlolwe.

Ukuphuza amanzi kungasiza kanjani ekunciphiseni ingozi yamatshe e-uric acid?

Ukuphuza inani elinconywayo lamanzi nsuku zonke kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ongayenza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola amatshe e-uric acid kanye namanye amatshe ezinso. Amanzi anciphisa imfucuza emchameni wakho futhi akhiphe amakhemikhali, avimbele ukwakheka kwamatshe.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani okunye amatshe e-uric acid?

Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe e-uric acid:

• Phuza okungenani ama-ounces angu-91 (amalitha angu-2.7) kuya kwangu-125 (amalitha angu-3.7) oketshezi nsuku zonke. Amanzi angcono kakhulu .
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Landela uhlelo lokudla lwe-`DASH` (Izindlela Zokudla Zokumisa Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme). Lokhu kunganciphisa kokubili umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye nengozi yamatshe ezinso. (Lokhu kuhilela ukudla usawoti omncane kanye nemifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele).
• Sebenzisa imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe e-uric acid ngendlela efanele.

Yini engingayilindela uma nginamatshe e-uric acid?

Isibikezelo samathambo e-uric acid kanye namanye amatshe ezinso ngokuvamile sihle. Esikhathini esiningi, amatshe adlula ngokwawo. Ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Ngisho noma kudingeka ukwelashwa, ukwelashwa okutholakalayo kuyasebenza. Ungalulama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kunengozi yokuthi amatshe e-uric acid azobuya. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwenza izinguquko kulokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo kanye nezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe futhi.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma uke waba namatshe e-uric acid ngaphambilini, noma usengozini enkulu yokuthola amatshe ezinso (anoma yiluphi uhlobo), ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kungakusiza uhlale uphilile:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo.
• Sebenzisa imithi noma izithasiselo njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Yikuphi ukudla okungafanele ukudle uma unamatshe e-uric acid?

Gwema noma unciphise ukudla okunama-purines amaningi. Uma udla ama-purines amaningi, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-uric acid eningi. Uma amazinga e-uric acid ephezulu, umchamo wakho uba ne-asidi eningi, okungaholela ekwakhekeni kwamatshe e-uric acid. Izibonelo zokudla okunama-purines amaningi zifaka:

• Inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, inyama yembuzi, ingulube).
• Izitho zangaphakathi zesilwane (amathumbu, ubende, ubuchopho, izinso).
• Ubhiya nezinye iziphuzo ezidakayo.
• Amasosi enziwe ngenyama (`Gravies`).
• Izinhlanzi ezincane njenge-sardine, i-sprats, ne-halibut, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle njenge-oyster, i-shrimp, kanye ne-crab.

Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukunciphisa ukudla neziphuzo ezinoshukela omningi, ikakhulukazi lezo eziqukethe "isiraphu yommbila ene-fructose ephezulu." Kungumqondo omuhle ukudla ezinye zalezi zinto:

• Izithelo nemifino.
• Okusanhlamvu okuphelele.
• Imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha aphansi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unetshe le-uric acid futhi unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-38.6 (101.5 Fahrenheit).
• Ukushisa noma ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho uchama.
• Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki.
• Igazi emchameni.
• Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza okuqhubekayo.
• Uma unesifo esikubeka engcupheni enkulu yezinkinga ezivela ematsheni ezinso, njengesifo sikashukela, ukuba nenso eyodwa kuphela, noma ezinye izinkinga zezinso.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

• Iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kimi?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele ukwakheka kwamatshe e-uric acid futhi?
• Ingabe kudingeka ngenze izinguquko kulokho engikudlayo nengikuphuzayo?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha noma yiziphi izithasiselo noma imithi?