Ukulunywa omiyane kuyinkinga enkulu, akunjalo? (Ukulunywa omiyane) Ake sithole okwengeziwe ngalokhu!

Omiyane bayisilwane esibalulekile, kodwa esicasulayo kakhulu, emakhaya ethu nasezindaweni ezizungezile, akunjalo? Ngisho noma uphuma ngaphandle isikhashana, noma ushiya ifasitela livuliwe, othile uzokuza akulume. Akunandaba ukuthi ukulunywa kuqala kamuva. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale nkinga yomiyane, ukuthi kungani yenzeka, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngayo.

Kuyini umiyane? Kungani besihlupha?

Kalula nje, omiyane bayizilokazane ezincane ezindizayo. Uyazi, omiyane banemilenze eyisithupha, nomlomo omude (umlomo) abawusebenzisela ukumunca igazi nompe. Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile, omiyane besifazane kuphela abamunca igazi lethu . Omiyane besilisa baphuza umpe kuphela.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomiyane emhlabeni jikelele. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: `Aedes`, `Culex` kanye `Anopheles`. Lezi zinhlobo zomiyane ziyatholakala naseSri Lanka.

Esikhathini esiningi, ukulunywa umiyane akubangeli umonakalo omkhulu. Kumane nje kubangela ukungakhululeki okuncane kanye nokulunywa okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, omiyane bayingozi ngoba badlulisela izifo ezingaba yingozi.

Omiyane bazalana kanjani? Kuphi?

Uyakhumbula ngesikhathi useyingane, emakilasini ezempilo esikoleni, babethi omiyane bazalela emanzini amile? Kuyiqiniso lokho. Omiyane babekela amaqanda abo emanzini angajulile, amile. Isibonelo:

• Amaxhaphozi
• Amachibi
• Amathangi
• Amachibi okubhukuda abantwana
• Amanzi aqoqa ngaphakathi kwamathayi amadala
• Izindawo zokugeza izinyoni
• Amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, amathini angenalutho, izitsha zepulasitiki, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali ezizungeze amakhaya ethu yizindawo lapho amanzi eqoqana khona.

Izindawo ezinjengalezi yizindawo lapho omiyane bezalela khona.

Kungani omiyane bemunca igazi lethu?

Lesi yisizathu esilula kakhulu. Omiyane besifazane bancela igazi ukuze basekele inqubo yabo yokuzala, okuwukuthola iphrotheni abayidingayo ukuze babeke amaqanda abo. Nakuba omiyane besilisa bephila nge-nectar yodwa, omiyane besifazane badla i-nectar kanye negazi. Iphrotheni egazini ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwamaqanda abo.

Kwenzekani ngempela lapho umiyane uluma?

Omiyane banempumulo ende efana nenaliti ebizwa ngokuthi i-proboscis. Uma umiyane ukuluma, uhlaba isikhumba sakho ngale mpumulo bese ufaka amathe awo egazini lakho njengoba emunca igazi.

Kungani umiyane uluma kangaka uma uluma?

Yileyo inkinga. Uma umiyane ufaka amathe awo egazini lakho, umzimba wakho uyawabona lawo mathe njenge-allergen. Amasosha omzimba wakho abe esethumela ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine endaweni yokulunywa ukuze kususwe i-allergen. Leyo histamine yiyona ebangela ukuba indawo ilume futhi ivuvuke. Abantu abaningi baba nalokhu kusabela lapho belunywa umiyane.

Ungagula yini ngenxa yokuluma omiyane? Ziyini?

Yebo, ngeshwa, omiyane basakaza izifo. Omiyane bangabathwali bezifo. Okusho ukuthi, bayizidalwa ezithwala izifo phakathi kwezilwane nabantu. Laba bathwali bezifo bavame ukusabalalisa izifo ngokumunca igazi. Ngaphandle komiyane, izilwane ezifana nezimpukane namakhizane nazo zingaphansi kwalesi sigaba sabathwali bezifo.

Uma umiyane umunca igazi, awugcini nje ngokumunca igazi, kodwa futhi ufaka amathe awo. Bese kuba noketshezi olushintshaniswa phakathi komiyane negazi lethu. Cabanga nje, uma umiyane omunce igazi lomuntu ogulayo noma isilwane (okungukuthi, umiyane onegciwane) ufika ulume umuntu ophilile, leso sifo singadluliselwa komunye umuntu.

Omiyane bavame ukumunca igazi besebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukumunca igazi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi bamunca igazi ezindaweni eziningana nakubantu abaningana, kunokuba bamunce lonke igazi abalidingayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokusabalalisa izifo kubantu abaningi.

Kunezifo eziningana ezinkulu ezidluliselwa omiyane ezweni lethu nakwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele:

UDengue

Lesi yisifo sonke esesizwile futhi esesabayo. I-dengue isakazwa umiyane i-Aedes. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nesicanucanu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ingabulala ngisho nokufa.

I-Chikungunya

Lokhu kudluliswa futhi ngumiyane i-Aedes. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.

Umalaleveva

Isifo esasisakazeke kakhulu eSri Lanka, manje sesilawulwa kakhulu. Sidluliselwa omiyane be-Anopheles. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokuhlanza. Umalaleveva nawo ungabulala.

Igciwane leZika

Leli futhi yigciwane elidluliselwa umiyane i-Aedes. Uma umama okhulelwe ethelelekile ngaleli gciwane, ingane esibelethweni ingathinteka. Futhi, leli gciwane lingadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu liye komunye ngokuxhumana ngokocansi.

Ezinye izifo

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izifo ezifana ne-"West Nile virus" kanye ne-"Yellow fever" nazo zingadluliselwa ngomiyane. Kodwa-ke, azivamile ezweni lakithi.

Ubani olunywa kakhulu omiyane? Ingabe ungomunye wabo?

Omiyane bangaluma noma ubani, kodwa kunezici ezithile ezenza bakhange kakhulu. Bona ukuthi lokhu kusebenza yini kuwe:

• Ukugqoka izingubo ezimnyama: Omiyane bakhangwa kakhulu yimibala efana nomnyama noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwephunga: Amanye amaphunga angakhanga omiyane.
• Uhlobo lwegazi: Abantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zegazi kuthiwa banamathuba amaningi okulunywa omiyane.
• Izinga lokushisa lomzimba: Omiyane bakhangwa kakhulu abantu abanokushisa okuphezulu komzimba.
• Ukuya ezindaweni lapho izifo ezithwalwa omiyane zivamile khona.
• Ukuchitha isikhathi eduze kwamanzi amile.

Kubukeka kanjani uma umiyane uluma? Ziyini izimpawu?

Ngemva kokuba umiyane wesifazane ekuluma, kuvela i-blister encane ephakanyisiwe esikhumbeni sakho. Leli blister lingashintsha umbala. Ngezinye izikhathi ungabona ichashazi elincane elimnyama phakathi. Lelo chashazi yilapho umiyane ukuluma khona.

Izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ukuluma nokungakhululeki.
• Kuvela i-blister eyindilinga, ephakanyisiwe endaweni yokulunywa umiyane.

Izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu (lezi yizo okufanele uziqaphele):

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba (amaqhubu), ukuvuvukala komphimbo, isiyezi, kanye nesicanucanu.
• Izimpawu zesifo esithwalwa umiyane: umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, isicanucanu, amehlo abomvu, kanye nokukhathala, kungahlukahluka kuye ngesifo.

Ukunciphisa kanjani ukulunywa umiyane? Ingabe kukhona izinto ongazenza ekhaya?

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaklwebhi ukulunywa! Ukuklwebha kungaphula isikhumba, kungenise amagciwane, futhi kubangele ukutheleleka. Uma uphula isikhumba ngengozi, geza indawo kahle ngensipho namanzi, bese uyigcina ihlanzekile. Faka ibhandishi uma kudingeka.

Ukuluma ngenxa yokulunywa umiyane kuzophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa kungaba nzima ukubekezelela kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Kunemithi ongayithenga ekhemisi ukuze unciphise ukuluma, kanye nokwelashwa ongakwenza ekhaya.

Okubalulekile: Nakuba amakhambi asekhaya ephephile kubantu abaningi, kungcono ukubuza udokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ethile, njengoba eminye ingabangela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni sakho.

Imithi engasetshenziswa ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha

• Ama-Antihistamine: Lawa angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma asetshenziswe njengokhilimu noma amafutha okugcoba. Anciphisa ukusebenza kwe-histamine, okuyikho okubangela ukuba omiyane balume.
• Ukhilimu we-Hydrocortisone: Lokhu kunciphisa ukulunywa nokuvuvukala. Ungawusebenzisa ngqo ekulunyweni komiyane.

Izindlela zokwelapha ongazizama ekhaya

• Iqhwa: Songa ama-ice cubes ngendwangu ehlanzekile bese uwabeka lapho uluma cishe imizuzu eyi-10. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nokulunywa.
• I-Aloe vera: Thatha inani elincane le-aloe vera bese ulifaka ekulunyweni komiyane. I-salicylic acid etholakala ku-aloe vera iyasiza ekunciphiseni ukulunywa nobuhlungu.
• Itiye le-Chamomile: Faka isikhwama setiye le-chamomile emanzini ashisayo cishe imizuzu engama-20. Uma amanzi ephenduka umbala onsundu omuhle, thatha isikhwama setiye, ucindezele amanzi asele, bese usicindezela ekulunyweni komiyane cishe imizuzu eyi-10. Bese usisula ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Ungagcina futhi lesi sikhwama setiye efrijini bese usisebenzisa usuku lonke.
• Uju: Faka uju oluhlanzekile kancane ekulumeni. Izakhiwo zoju zisiza ekunciphiseni ukulunywa nobuhlungu. Ungabeka nebhandeji phezulu ukuze uvimbele ukuthi lunamathele.
• I-oatmeal:Gaya ama-oats ku-blender kuze kube yimpuphu ecolekile (`i-colloidal oatmeal`). Faka amanzi ashisayo kuyo ukuze wenze inhlama ejiyile. Faka lenhlama ekulunyweni komiyane, uyishiye cishe imizuzu eyi-10, bese uyisula ngendwangu ehlanzekile.

Ungazivikela kanjani komiyane? Yiziphi izindlela zokuvimbela?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokugwema ukulunywa omiyane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzilandela, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi lapho izifo ezifana nodenga zivame khona.

• Susa izindawo zokuqoqwa kwamanzi: Hlanza njalo izindawo zokuqoqwa kwamanzi ezizungezile indlu, njengegobolondo likakhukhunathi, amathayi, amathini angenalutho, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali. Qaphela noma yiziphi izindawo lapho amanzi angaqoqwa khona.
• Gwema ukuhamba ngokungadingekile uye ezindaweni lapho izifo ezithwalwa omiyane zivamile khona.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesifutho sezimbungulu: Sebenzisa isifutho sezimbungulu esivunyiwe nguhulumeni esiqukethe i-DEET.
• Gqoka izingubo ezinde nezijiyile: Omiyane bangaluma ngisho nezingubo ezincane. Ngakho-ke gqoka izingubo ezijiyile, ezimboza ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukufaka izikrini emafasiteleni naseminyango.
• Ukuhlala endlini ngezikhathi lapho omiyane bevame kakhulu khona (kusihlwa nasekuseni kakhulu).
• Ukufaka amakhemikhali okubulala omiyane ezingutsheni, ematendeni nasezimbozweni zamanethi.
• Ukulala ngaphansi kwenethi yomiyane evikelayo.

Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu uma uya ezindaweni lapho igciwane leZika livame khona, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethelelekile ngegciwane leZika, lingathinta ingane esibelethweni. Futhi, njengoba leli gciwane lingadluliselwa nangokuxhumana ngokocansi, wena nomlingani wakho kufanele nizivikele uma niye endaweni lapho igciwane leZika livame khona.

Ingabe lokhu kudliwe umiyane? Noma ingabe kwakungenye isilwane?

Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube namabala afana nokulunywa umiyane, kodwa empeleni abangelwa isinambuzane esihlukile.

Izimbungulu Zombhede Nomiyane

Izimbungulu zombhede nazo zimunca igazi lethu futhi zifake amathe azo egazini lethu. Ukulunywa yizimbungulu zombhede kungafana nokulunywa omiyane. Kodwa-ke , ukulunywa yizimbungulu zombhede kuvame ukuba namabala aqondile noma aqonde ngendlela egobile. Izimbungulu zombhede ziyasebenza ebusuku. Ziluma esikhumbeni esiveziwe (ubuso, izingalo, imilenze) ngenkathi ulele.

Izinambuzane nomiyane

Ama-fleas amunca igazi futhi afake amathe. Ukulunywa ama-fleas kungabonakala njengokulunywa omiyane noma izimbungulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ama-fleas ayahambahamba, ukulunywa kwawo kungase kube okungahleliwe, hhayi endaweni eyodwa. Uma unezilwane zangaphandle njengezinja namakati ekhaya lakho, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhathazwe ama-fleas.

Uma usuhlushwa yilolu hlobo lokulunywa yizinambuzane isikhathi eside, bona udokotela ukuze athole ukuthi luhlobo luni lokulunywa bese ucela iseluleko.

Ingabe ngidinga ukubona udokotela? Nini?

Ngokuvamile, ukulunywa umiyane akudingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma une -allergy enkulu ngemva kokulunywa umiyane (isib., ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ukuquleka).
• Uma uba nezimpawu zesifo esithwalwa umiyane (njengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukuhlanza, uhudo) ngemva kokulunywa umiyane.
• Uma usanda kuhamba uye endaweni lapho izifo ezithwalwa omiyane zivame khona futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu.
• Uma ukulunywa umiyane sekudlule izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa, kuyanda, noma kukhombisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• Omiyane bayizinambuzane zesifazane ezimunca igazi ezingadlulisela izifo.
• Zizalela emanzini angami, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile.
• Uma umiyane uluma, uyaluma ngenxa yokusabela kwe-'histamine' emizimbeni yethu. Ungalunywa!
• Ukuze unciphise ukulunywa, ungasebenzisa amakhambi asekhaya njengeqhwa kanye ne-aloe vera. Uma kudingeka, ungathatha imithi efana ne-antihistamine ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane, izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane, kanye nezingubo ezimboza umzimba ukuze uvikele omiyane.
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sonyaka we-dengue, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.

Omiyane bayaphazamisa. Kodwa-ke, uma siqaphela futhi sithatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo, singakugwema kakhulu lokhu kuphazamisa.

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