Uyazi nge-MUTYH-Associated Polyposis (MAP)? Ake sixoxe ngayo!

Wake wezwa ngaleli gama elithi `(MUTYH-Associated Polyposis)`? Mhlawumbe akunjalo. Kuyisimo esingavamile, kodwa esingaba sibaluleke kakhulu, esizuzwa njengefa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhula okuncane, okubizwa ngokuthi `(polyps),` kungakhula ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Iyini i-MUTYH gene-associated polyposis (MAP)?

Kalula nje, i-`(MUTYH-Associated Polyposis)` noma i-`(MAP)` yisimo esidluliselwa ezakhini zethu zofuzo kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ukukhula okuncane kwezicubu okungafuneki okubizwa ngokuthi `(polyps)` kwakheka emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi ku-colon nasemathunjini. Lawa `(polyps)` awawona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, uma amanye awo engasuswa, anethuba elikhulu lokuba nomdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lawa `(polyps)` angakhula hhayi kuphela ku-colon, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi namathumbu amancane nasesiswini.

Ingabe lesi simo se-MAP siza nengozi yomdlavuza?

Yebo, impela. Uma une-(MAP), ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza we-colonectal iphakeme kakhulu kunomuntu ongenaso lesi simo. Cabanga nje, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-(MAP) sebevele benomdlavuza we-colonectal uma betholakala benawo (MAP)! Ngokuvamile, lawa ma-cancer aqala phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nengama-60. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angavela kusenesikhathi. Akukhona lokho kuphela, ungase ube sengozini yokuba nomdlavuza we-duodenal kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ngaphandle kohlelo lokugaya ukudla (i-gastrointestinal (GI) tract).

Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila komuntu one-MAP?

Ungesabi ukuzwa lokhu. Iningi labantu abane-`(MAP)` lingaphila impilo evamile, kodwa kunesimo esisodwa. Okungukuthi, ukuqala ukuhlolwa komdlavuza kusenesikhathi futhi ukwenze njalo . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola nokususa lawa ma-`(polyps)` ngaphambi kokuba abe umdlavuza. Kulapho kuphela lapho singahlala siphilile khona.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-MUTYH gene-associated polyposis (MAP)?

Nansi inkinga. Ngokuvamile awuboni noma awuzizwa izimpawu ze-MAP. Ngisho noma unama-polyp endleleni yakho yokugaya ukudla, avame ukubangela izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwama-polyp kuphela akulona uphawu oluthembekile lokuthi une-MAP. Ngoba:

• Ngisho noma abantu abaningi benama-polyp, kungenzeka ukuthi abanayo i-MAP.
• Ezinye izimo zofuzo, njenge-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), nazo zingabangela ama-polyp emathunjini. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuphela okungasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-FAP, i-MAP, noma esinye isimo sofuzo.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noma betholakala bene-MAP, abanye abantu bangase bangabi nama-polyp.

Iyini imbangela yalesi simo se-MAP?

I-MAP ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zethu ze-MUTYH (ezaziwa nangokuthi i-MYH). Izuzwa njengefa ngendlela yokubuyisa i-autosomal . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze uthuthuke kulesi simo, kufanele uthole ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kubazali bakho bobabili. Uma uzuza ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kumzali wakho oyedwa kuphela, ngeke uthuthukise i-MAP. Kodwa-ke, ungumthwali we-MAP. Ukuba ngumthwali kusho ukuthi uma omunye umzali wakho wemvelo naye engumthwali, ungakudlulisela enganeni yakho.

Okwamanje kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-1% no-2% wabantu bangabathwali be-`(MAP)`. Abathwali nabo banengozi ekhulayo kancane yokuba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, kodwa hhayi ephezulu njengalabo abane-`(MAP)`.

Lesi simo (i-MAP) sizuzwa kanjani njengefa kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye?

Ake sithi bobabili abazali bangabathwali be-`(MAP)`. Uma kunjalo, amathuba okuba izingane zabo zizuze lesi simo alandelayo:

• Kukhona ithuba elilodwa kwamane (25%) lokungazuzi ifa lokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo `(MUTYH)`. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ngeke ithole lesi sifo, futhi leyo ngane ngeke ikwazi ukudlulisela ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezinganeni zayo.
• Kukhona amathuba amabili kwamane (50%) okuba yimthwali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ngeke ikhule (i-MAP), kodwa ingadlulisela ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezinganeni zayo.
• Kukhona ithuba elilodwa kwabane (25%) lokuthi bobabili abazali bazozuza lolu guquko. Khona-ke ingane izoba nesimo se-`(MAP)`. Futhi, ingane izodlulisela okungenani uguquko olulodwa lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-`(MUTYH)` ezinganeni zayo.

Ungasibona kanjani isimo (i-MAP)?

Ukuthola ukuthi unayo yini i-MAP kuvame ukuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngomlando womndeni wakho ngokuningiliziwe. Uzobuza nganoma yimiphi imidlavuza noma ezinye izimo zempilo abazali bakho, ogogo nomkhulu, kanye nezingane zakini abaye baba nazo.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba nesifo sofuzo, angase ancome ukuhlolwa kofuzo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlonza ukuguqulwa kofuzo (i-MUTYH) kanye nezinye izimo zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza.

Udokotela angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho one-`(FAP)`, `(MAP)` noma ezinye izifo zofuzo.
• Uma umndeni wakho unomlando oqinile womdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
• Uma omunye noma abaningi babantwana bakho benama-polyp amaningi emathunjini abo, kodwa abazali bakho abanawo (lokhu kusho ukuthi abazali bakho bangabathwali).

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kofuzo kuqinisekisa ukuthi unayo (i-MAP) noma ungumthwali wayo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo zokuhlolwa komdlavuza.Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukwazisa wonke umndeni wakho ngalokhu ukuze nabo bakwazi ukuhlolwa kofuzo uma befuna.

Iphathwa kanjani i-MAP?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, alikho ikhambi lalesi simo `(MAP).` Kodwa-ke, kunezivivinyo eziningi kanye nokwelashwa okungasiza ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza, futhi uma umdlavuza uvela, uwuthole futhi uwalaphe kusenesikhathi.

Uma une-(MAP), kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe umdlavuza kusenesikhathi futhi kaningi kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-Colonoscopy: Ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, udokotela wakho usebenzisa ithubhu elikhanyiswe ngokukhethekile elinekhamera enamathiselwe kulo ukuze abheke ngaphakathi kwe-colon yakho kanye ne-rectum. I-colonoscopy iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola nokususa ama-polyp ku-colon yakho. Kufanele uqale ukuthola i-colonoscopy yakho cishe uneminyaka engama-20, noma uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, eminyakeni eyi-10 ngaphambi kweminyaka athola ngayo umdlavuza (noma yikuphi okuza kuqala).
• I-endoscopy Ephezulu: I-endoscopy ephezulu ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone futhi asuse ama-polyp esiswini sakho kanye nasengxenyeni engenhla yamathumbu akho amancane (i-duodenum). Uma utholakale unama-polyp kumathumbu akho amakhulu, kufanele uqale ukuba nama-endoscopy aphezulu lapho uneminyaka engu-25, noma ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo `(MUTYH)` ukuthi kungenzeki. Okusho ukuthi, kuyinto esiyizuza njengefa. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokusiza ekuzaleni ezinganciphisa ingozi yokuthi ingane yesikhathi esizayo izuze ifa `(MAP). Isibonelo, ` (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis - PGD)`, esetshenziswa ` (In Vitro Fertilization - IVF) , ingandisa amathuba okuba nomntwana ongenalo lesi simo sofuzo. Kule ndlela, isimo sofuzo se-embryo siyahlolwa ngaphambi kokuba sifakwe esibelethweni.

Kodwa-ke, uma wenza i-"PGD" nge-"IVF", kubiza imali eningi futhi kunezici eziningi zengqondo okufanele uzicabangele. Kungcono ukuhlangana nodokotela wezifo zokuzala oqeqeshiwe ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalokhu.

Uma ngine (MAP), yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Uma une-`(MAP)`, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe umdlavuza kusenesikhathi futhi kaningi kunabanye. Lokho kuyiqiniso. Kodwa-ke, ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kanye nokuqapha, ungaphila impilo enempilo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo futhi uxoxe ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela umdlavuza.

Ngizinakekela kanjani njengomuntu one-(MAP)?

Uma uthola ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza, kungaholela ezinkingeni zempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka. Lokhu kuvamile. Uma unezinkinga zengqondo ezinjalo, sicela ungazami ukubhekana nazo wedwa. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha kanye nezindlela zokusekela, kusukela ekwelashweni okukhulunywayo kuya emithini.

Ungafuna nezinsiza zomphakathi ezingakunikeza induduzo nesiqondiso. Ungajoyina amaqembu okusekelana lapho ungakhuluma khona nabanye. Ezindaweni ezinjengalezi, kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla ngoba ungakhuluma nabantu abake badlula ezintweni ezifanayo nezakho.

Ukuba nesimo sofuzo esanda ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza kungaba yinto ekucindezelayo kakhulu. Kodwa awuwedwa. Ithimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo lilapha ukuzokusiza. Izindlela zokuhlola umdlavuza ezithuthukisiwe zanamuhla zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza futhi zikusize uwuthole kusenesikhathi.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, manje usunokuqonda okungcono ngalokho ebesikhuluma ngakho (i-MUTYH-Associated Polyposis - MAP). Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-MAP yisimo sofuzo esizuzwa njengefa. Ibangela ukwakheka kwama-polyp emathunjini futhi yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
• Akubangeli izimpawu ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, uma kunomlando womndeni womdlavuza, kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo zofuzo ngeseluleko sikadokotela.
• Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-`(MAP), ungesabi. Ngokwenza izivivinyo ezifana ne-`(Colonoscopy)` kanye ne-`(Upper endoscopy)` ngesikhathi esifanele, umdlavuza ungavinjelwa noma utholakale usesesigabeni sokuqala.
• Impilo yengqondo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Uma uyidinga, ungangabazi ukuthola usizo.
• Hlala uxhumene nethimba lakho lezokwelapha futhi unakekele impilo yakho.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Sikufisela impilo enhle wena nomndeni wakho!

I- MUTYH-Associated Polyposis, i-MAP, i-polyposis, izifo zofuzo, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, i-colonoscopy, ukuhlolwa kofuzo