Ingabe unekhala elicijile futhi kunzima ukuphefumula? (Ukuminyana kwekhala) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ingabe nawe unekhala elivalekile ngaso sonke isikhathi? Noma uzizwa kunzima ukuphefumula kanye nezinto ezifana nekhala eligobhozayo nokuthimula? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa kwabanye abantu kungahlala isonto noma amabili. Ngakho-ke, lelikhala elivalekile, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Ukuminyana Kwamakhala)`, yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.

Kungani leli khala ligcwele? (Kuyini Ukuminyana Kwekhala?)

Kalula nje, ikhala elicijile libangelwa ukucasuka kwezicubu ezithambile ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho. Cabanga ngale ndlela: ikhala lakho lifana nomnyango ongena emzimbeni wakho. Umoya ongena ngalo mnyango ungathwala izinhlayiya zothuli, amagciwane, kanye nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.

Uma into efana nale ingena ekhaleni, izicubu ezisekhaleni ziyavuvukala bese ziqala ukuvuvukala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulwelwesi luqala ukwakheka ukusiza ukukhipha lezi zinto zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, lesi zicubu ezivuvukile kanye nolwelwesi oluqongelelekile yikona okubangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lwamakhala luvaleke futhi kwenze kube nzima ngathi ukuphefumula. Esikhathini esiningi, lesi simo siba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi uma sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, singaba uphawu lokutheleleka. Uma siqhubeka futhi singelashwa, ngezinye izikhathi singaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-`(Sinusitis)` (Sinusitis), `(Nasal Polyps)`, noma ngisho ne-`(Middle Ear Infections)`.

Umzimba wakho uzizwa kanjani uma ikhala lakho ligcwele?

Impumulo evalekile akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Uma ikhala lakho lizwa livalekile futhi lisinda, lingabangelwa yilokhu okulandelayo:

• Kuba nzima ukuphefumula ngekhala.
• Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ikhala eligobhozayo, futhi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ikhala eligobhozayo.
• Njengoba ungakwazi ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho, uqala ukuphefumula ngomlomo wakho. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Ukuphefumula Komlomo)`.
• Uma ingane inekhala elicijile, kungaba nzima ukuncelisa noma ukuncelisa ibhodlela. Kufanele iphefumule ngekhala layo, ngakho kungaba yinkinga enkulu uma ikhala layo licijile.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ikhala elicijile lingaba uphawu lokuqala lokuthi umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka ngegciwane noma ngamagciwane. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi isimila noma i-polyp ngaphakathi kwekhala nakho kungabangela ikhala elicijile.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yileli khala elicijile?

Empeleni lokhu kuyinto engenzeka kunoma ubani. Ngokusho kocwaningo, cishe abantu abayi-12% banokuminyana kwamakhala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyisimo esivame kakhulu.

Zikhona yini ezinye izimpawu ngaphandle kokuminyana kwamakhala?

Yebo, ngaphezu kwekhala elicijile, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu eziningana. Isibonelo:

• Ukuthimula
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuminyana kwamakhala?

Empeleni kunezizathu eziningi ezenza ikhala lakho livaleke. Isizathu ukuthi ikhala lethu liyisivikelo esiphambili esisivikela ezintweni zangaphandle ezingena emizimbeni yethu.Izinto ezifana nothuli, izinhlayiya ezincane, kanye nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo zingena ekhaleni. Izinwele ezincane kanye ne-cilia (izakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele) ngaphakathi ekhaleni zibamba lezi zinto zangaphandle bese ziziqondisa emakhaleni. Uma sithimula noma sishaya ikhala lethu, lezi zinto eziyingozi ziyakhishwa ohlelweni.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinwele zamakhala kanye ne-cilia azikwazi ukubamba konke. Uma lokho kwenzeka, izicubu ezingaphakathi kwekhala ziyavuvukala futhi zikhiqize amafinyila amaningi. Zombili lezi zinto ziyahlangana zibangele ikhala elivalekile.

Yiziphi izizathu ovame ukuzibona?

Impumulo evalekile ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Rhinitis).` Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze `(Rhinitis):

1. I-Allergic Rhinitis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Hay Fever)

2. I-Rhinitis engabangelwa ukungezwani komzimba

1. I-Allergic Rhinitis

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. `(I-Allergic Rhinitis)` yindlela umzimba wethu osabela ngayo ezintweni ezithile ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni. Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Impova: Impova ekhiqizwa yizihlahla nezitshalo ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, ihlobo, kanye nesizini yasekwindla ingangena ekhaleni futhi ibangele ukungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kuba kubi kakhulu ngesikhathi samazolo ekuseni kwezinye izingxenye zezwe lethu.
• Izibungu zothuli: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile kangakanani, lezi zibungu zothuli zingahlala emakhaphethini, ifenisha, kanye nasezingutsheni zokulala.
• Isikhunta: Ama-spores akhishwa yisikhunta angabangela ukungezwani komzimba. Atholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.
• I-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo: Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-allergy ku-dander kanye nothuli oluvela ezilwaneni ezifana nezinja namakati.

2. I-Rhinitis Engeyona I-Allergic

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izicubu zamakhala zivuvukala, ziqoqana uketshezi, bese zivaleka ngenxa yesinye isizathu, hhayi ukungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi:

• Izici zemvelo: Ukucindezeleka, ukuchayeka entuthwini (intuthu kagwayi, ezinye izinhlobo zentuthu), intuthu evela ezintweni ezifana nopende, kanye nokudla okunongwe konke kungabangela ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Imithi: Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu kanye nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu nayo ingabangela ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Izinguquko zama-hormone: Ukuminyana kwamakhala nakho kungenzeka ngezikhathi zezinguquko zama-hormone, njengokuthomba nokukhulelwa.
• Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus (i-Sinusitis) noma izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile kungabangela ukuminyana kwekhala.
• Ama-Adenoid Akhulisiwe: Ama-Adenoid ayizindlala ezitholakala ngemuva kwekhala. Asiza ekubambeni amagciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho la ma-adenoid evuvukala, angabangela ikhala elivalekile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uzoxilonga lesi simo ngokulalela izimpawu zakho nokuhlola impumulo yakho, izindlebe, nomphimbo. Ngezinye izikhathi, bangase benze nezinye izivivinyo ukuze bahlole ezinye izimbangela.

• Ukukhuliswa komphimbo: Lokhu kuhlola izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane emphinjeni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthatha i-swab ngemuva komphimbo nge-swab ende kakotini.
• I-CT scan: I-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka ngaphakathi kwekhala.
• I-Endoscopy Yamakhala: Ikhamera ekhethekile (i-endoscope) ingafakwa ekhaleni ukuze ibheke ngaphakathi.

Uphatha kanjani ikhala elicijile?

Odokotela belapha ikhala elivalekile ngokusekelwe embangela. Isibonelo, uma unekhala elivalekile ngoba une-allergy kumakati, kuwuhlobo lwe-allergy rhinitis. Uma kunjalo, kufanele uhlale kude namakati futhi uthathe imithi yokulawula izimpawu.

Uma ukuminyana kwamakhala akho kubangelwa yi-rhinitis engeyona i-allergic, ungayibona imbangela bese uthatha imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha udokotela wakho angase azincome:

Ukwelashwa kwe-Rhinitis Engeyona i-Allergic:

• Isifutho noma ukuhlanza nge-saline: Isifutho se-saline noma idivayisi yokunisela ekhaleni imanzisa ingaphakathi lekhala futhi isize ekususeni amafinyila.
• Ama-Antihistamine: Le mithi inciphisa ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba ezifweni ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba.
• Izifutho zekhala ze-Corticosteroid: Lezi zinciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zekhala.
• Isifutho se-Ipratropium bromide: Lesi sifutho singanciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Allergic Rhinitis:

Abantu abane-allergy rhinitis bangasebenzisa nama-antihistamine noma ama-corticosteroids ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamakhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• Izifutho zokuvula umlomo ekhaleni: Lezi zingaqeda ngokushesha ukuminyana kwamakhala. Kodwa-ke, lezi zifutho akufanele zisetshenziswe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Ukuzisebenzisa isikhathi eside kunalokho kungenza ukuminyana kwamakhala kube kubi nakakhulu.
• Izifutho zekhala ezilwa ne-cholinergic: Lezi zinganciphisa ulwelwesi lwamakhala.

Awukwazi yini ukuvimba ikhala lakho ukuthi lingagcwali?

Njengoba kunezimbangela eziningi zokuminyana kwamakhala, kunzima ukukuvimbela ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ukuvama kwale nkinga.

• Uma uzizwa sengathi ikhala lakho livalekile ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka (isib., ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo noma ekwindla), khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokungezwani komzimba ngezikhathi ezithile . Bangakusiza uqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kwakho, ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani, nokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani izimpawu zakho.
• Zivikele ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane. Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi uhlale kude nabantu abagulayo.

Yini ongayilindela uma ikhala lakho ligcwele?

Ungalindela ukuzwa ukuminyana kwamakhala ngezikhathi ezithile empilweni yakho yonke. Nakuba odokotela bengenakuyelapha ngokuphelele leso simo, bangelapha izimpawu futhi batuse izindlela zokuzinakekela ukuze banciphise.

Ungayelapha kanjani ngokushesha ikhala eligcwele?

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazizama ekhaya:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Uketshezi lunciphisa ulwelwesi futhi lunciphise ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Sebenzisa i-saline nasal spray noma ugeze impumulo yakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekususeni amafinyila.
• Kunezicucu ezinamathelayo ozinamathisela phezu kwekhala lakho. Lokhu kusiza ekuvuleni ikhala lakho.
• Sebenzisa i- humidifier ukwandisa umswakama emoyeni ekhaya nasemsebenzini.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Uma usuvele uthatha eminye imithi, qiniseka ukuthi uyamtshela udokotela wakho ngayo. Angancoma umuthi ongenamiphumela emibi.
• Uma ingane encane inekhala elicijile futhi inenkinga yokuncelisa, sebenzisa isirinji yebhalbhu yekhala ukuze ususe ulwelwesi.

Okubalulekile: Amanye ama-decongestant nasal decongestant (ikakhulukazi ama-'decongestant nasal sprays') awanconywa ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, asebenzise kuphela njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.

Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?

Ukuminyana kwamakhala kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Uma kungenjalo, ungase ube nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bheka udokotela:

• Uma ukuminyana kwamakhala akho kuthatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-10 .
• Uma i-mucus ephuma ekhaleni lakho iluhlaza, iphuzi, noma ixubene negazi .
• Uma unomkhuhlane .
• Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa enekhala elicijile futhi engakwazi ukuphuza ubisi/ibhodlela.

Impumulo evalekile iyinkinga evamile kakhulu. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Abanye abantu banempumulo evalekile ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba nezinkathi ezithile zonyaka. Impumulo evalekile ingavela nalapho usezindaweni ezinentuthu noma intuthu yopende, lapho ucindezelekile, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma lapho ufika esikhathini sokuthomba. Nakuba kungase kungakhululeki izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngokuvamile kuya kuba ngcono ngokwako. Kodwa-ke, uma imphumulo yakho ivalekile izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Uzokwazi ukuhlola ukutheleleka futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa ukuze ululame ngokushesha futhi uphefumule kalula.

## Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Uhambe Nawe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokuminyana kwamakhala. Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Impumulo egcweleNgokuvamile akuyona into embi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhubeka, noma uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nesikhwehlela esikhanyayo, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
• Uma une -allergies , zama ukugwema izinto ezibangela lokho.
• Amakhambi alula asekhaya (usawoti, amanzi okuphuza, ukufutha) anganikeza impumuzo.
• Qaphela kakhulu uma ingane yakho inekhala elicijile , njengoba kungase kwenze kube nzima ngayo ukuncela.
• Gwema ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa izifutho ezithile zamakhala ezithengwe ekhemisi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.

Uma unenkinga yekhala elivalekile, ungakhathazeki. Ngeseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa, lesi simo singalawulwa kahle.

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