Sonke sicabanga ngamakhala ethu njengezitho nje zokuphefumula nokuhogela, akunjalo? Kodwa empeleni amakhala ethu ayingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ebalulekile yemizimba yethu eyenza imisebenzi eminingi emangalisayo. Cabanga nje ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani uma sinekhala elivalekile. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokho okungaphakathi kwamakhala ethu, ukuthi asebenza kanjani, kanye nezifo ezingathinta amakhala ethu.
Iyini ikhala? Yiziphi izingxenye zalo?
Kalula nje, ikhala liyingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokuphefumula ephuma enkabeni yobuso bethu. Uma ulibuka ngaphandle, linomumo wephiramidi. Ingxenye engenhla exhuma ebunzini ibizwa ngokuthi impande yekhala. Ingxenye engezansi lapho kutholakala khona ikhala yi-top. Kulungile, manje ake sibheke izingxenye ezingaphakathi kwekhala. Lezi yizingxenye ezenza umsebenzi wangempela wekhala.
| Ingxenye yempumulo | Kalula nje... |
|---|
| Isakhiwo Sangaphandle | Isimo sekhala sakhiwe ngamathambo, i-cartilage, kanye namafutha amancane. Lena yingxenye esiyibona ngaphandle. |
| Amakhala | Lezi yizimbobo ezimbili lapho umoya ungena khona ekhaleni. |
| Udonga lwekhala (Septum) | Ingxenye efana nodonga phakathi nekhala ehlukanisa izikhala ezimbili zamakhala. Yakhiwe yinhlanganisela yamathambo kanye ne-cartilage. |
| Izimbobo Zamakhala | Izikhala ezimbili ezivulekayo uma ungena ngamakhala. Umoya esiwuphefumulayo uyahlanzwa lapha ngaphambi kokuba ungene emaphashini. Kunezakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele (cilia) lapha ezisiza kulokhu. |
| Ulwelwesi lwe-Mucus | Ulwelwesi olumanzi ngaphakathi kwemigodi yamakhala. Yilokhu okufudumeza nokumanzisa umoya esiwuthathayo, okwenza ufaneleke emaphashini. Yilapho sikhiqiza khona 'i-phlegm' esiyibiza ngokuthi 'i-sputum'. |
| Ama-turbinates | Izakhiwo ezintathu ezincane ezifana namathambo ngaphakathi komgodi wempumulo. Lezi yizo ezikhiqiza i-mucus (phlegm) edingekayo ukugcina ikhala limanzi. |
| Ama-sinuses | Lezi yizikhwama zomoya ezincane ekhanda logebhezi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomgodi wekhala kanye nezizungezile. Umsebenzi wazo ukunikeza umsindo ezwini lethu nokukhanyisa ugebhezi. Kunezinhlobo ezine ngokusekelwe lapho zitholakala khona. (I-Sphenoid - ngemuva kwekhala, i-Ethmoid - phakathi kwamehlo, i-Frontal - ngemuva kwebunzi, i-Maxillary - ngemuva kwamathambo ezihlathi) |
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yekhala?
Impumulo iyisitho esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi emzimbeni wethu. Isebenza ngokubambisana nezitho ezifana nezindlebe nomphimbo wethu. Yingakho ukutheleleka kwe-sinus nakho kungabangela umphimbo obuhlungu. Ake sixoxe ngemisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko: 1.
Ukuphefumula: Lona obaluleke kakhulu. Uma siphefumula, umoya udlula emigodini yamakhala, ufudumala ufike ezingeni lokushisa lomzimba, wengeze umswakama, bese uhlunga izinhlayiya zothuli bese uzihlanza. Bese uya emaphashini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphaphu athola umoya ongewona oyingozi kuwo futhi ofanele wona. 2.
Indlela Yokuzivikela: Impumulo ifana nesivikelo emzimbeni wethu. Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni, njengothuli, amagciwane, kanye nempova, zinamathela ezinweleni ezincane ekhaleni (cilia) kanye ne-mucus membrane. Lokhu kuvimbela lezi zinto eziyingozi ukuthi zingangeni emaphashini ngezinga elikhulu. 3.
Umuzwa Wokunuka: Impumulo isisiza ukuthi sibone amaphunga ahlukene. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "uhlelo lwe-Olfactory". Izinzwa ezikhethekile "ama-olfactory receptors" atholakala phezulu kwembobo yamakhala athola amaphunga bese ethumela lowo myalezo ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buchaza lokhu ngokuthi “leli yiphunga lezimbali” noma “leli yiphunga lokuvuza kwegesi.” Yingakho umuzwa wethu wokuhogela usisiza ukuba sigweme ingozi.
Ubona kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngekhala lakho?
Njenganoma yisiphi isitho somzimba, impumulo ingaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zivamile, kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele sizikhathaze ngazo.
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuklwebheka, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula eduze kwekhala lakho, kungaba uphawu lwekhala eliphukile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela .
Izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile kanye nekhala eligobhozayo zizophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Lezi zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha | Isibonakaliso | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|
| Ukopha kwamakhala okuvamile, okungachazeki. | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwe-sinus noma enye inkinga. Bona udokotela wakho. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu elihambisana nobuhlungu bobuso (ikakhulukazi ezihlathini, ebunzini, nasemaceleni kwamehlo). | Lolu uphawu olukhulu lokutheleleka kwe-sinus (sinusitis). Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela bese ucela ukwelashwa. |
| Ukuphuma koketshezi olujiyile oluphuzi noma oluluhlaza okotshani. | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. |
| Ukulahlekelwa iphunga noma ukunambitheka ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane. | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka, ama-polyp ekhaleni, noma olunye uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwezinzwa. |
| Umoya omubi (ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamazinyo). | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwe-sinus okungapheli (i-sinusitis engapheli). |
Izifo ezivamile ezithinta ikhala
Kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezithinta ukusebenza kwekhala.
- I-Septum Ephambukile : Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-septum ephambukile, kungaba kusukela ekuzalweni noma ngenxa yengozi. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula , ukuhona , kanye nokuthimula njalo.Kungaba ukutheleleka kwe-sinus . Lokhu kungadinga ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ama-Polyps asekhaleni: Amahlumela amancane, angenabuhlungu ngaphakathi ekhaleni angavimba imigudu yomoya . Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane -allergies noma izifo ze-sinus ezivame ukwenzeka.
- I-Turbinate Hypertrophy: Ukuvuvukala kwama-turbinate ngaphakathi kwempumulo nakho kungabangela ukuminyana kwamakhala kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Umdlavuza: Nakuba ungavamile kakhulu, umdlavuza wekhala (umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal) ungavela. Lokhu kuqala engxenyeni engenhla yomphimbo, ngemuva kwekhala. Kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhuluma, noma ukuzwa.
Ungayigcina kanjani impilo yekhala?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza ukuze sigcine impumulo yethu iphilile.
- Ungakhiphi izinwele ekhaleni lakho: Lezi zibalulekile ekuhlungeni umoya. Gwema ukuzisika noma ukuzikhipha.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza amanzi anele usuku lonke kusiza ukugcina imigudu yakho yamakhala imanzi.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema nokuphefumula intuthu yomuntu obhemayo kulimaza kakhulu ulwelwesi lwamafinyila ekhaleni.
- Gcina impumulo yakho ihlanzekile: Ungagcina impumulo yakho ihlanzekile ngokusebenzisa kancane i-saline water spray njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Qaphela uma uvame ukuphuma igazi ekhaleni: Kuvamile ukuba nomopho kanye noma kabili. Kodwa uma lokhu kwenzeka njalo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole imbangela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ikhala lakho liyisitho esiyinkimbinkimbi esenza okungaphezu nje kokuphefumula nokuhogela. Lenza imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuhlunga, ukufudumeza, kanye nokwenza umoya ube manzi.
- Nakuba ukuminyana kwamakhala kanye nekhala eligelezayo kuvamile, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bobuso, ulwelwesi oluphuzi/oluhlaza, ukulahlekelwa yiphunga, noma ukopha njalo.
- Izimo ezifana ne-septum ephukile kanye ne-nasal polyps zingabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukugwema ukubhema , nokugcina impumulo yakho ihlanzekile kungakusiza ukuthi ulondoloze impilo yayo.
- Uma unezinkinga noma izinkinga zesikhathi eside ngekhala lakho, ungakuzibi futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho.
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