Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela noma othile omaziyo ukuthi badinga ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwezinso. Uma uzwa igama elithi 'i-nephrectomy', imibuzo eminingi cishe ifika engqondweni. "Ungaphila nenso eyodwa?", "Ingabe lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okukhulu?", "Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?"... Ngakho-ke namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-Nephrectomy, ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwezinso, ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kuyini i-Nephrectomy?
Kalula nje, i-Nephrectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa ingxenye noma yonke yezinso zakho. Sonke sizalwa nezinso ezimbili. Kodwa ungaphila impilo enempilo ngenso eyodwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, izinso ezisele kumele zisebenze kahle.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-nephrectomy:
- Ukususwa kwe-nephrectomy okuyingxenye: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa kuphela ingxenye egulayo noma eyonakele yenso yakho. Inso yonke ayisuswa.
- Ukususwa kwe-radical nephrectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa yonke inso. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angase asuse ne-ureter—ithubhu elithwala umchamo lisuka ezinso liye esinyeni—ngasohlangothini olufanayo. Uma kudingeka, i-adrenal gland kanye nama-lymph node azungezile nawo angasuswa.
Kungani udinga ukususa inso?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokususwa kwenso yisisu esikhula ezinso. Lesi simila singaba nomdlavuza (oyingozi) noma esingesona umdlavuza (esingebi).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukususwa kwe-nephrectomy ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma unezifo zezinso eziphindaphindayo (i-pyelonephritis) .
- Uma enye yezinso zakho iyeka ukusebenza ngokuphelele futhi unezinye izinkinga. (Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho zinkinga, ungagcina izinso ezingasebenzi emzimbeni wakho).
- Njengokwelashwa kwezinye izimo zezinso (njengesifo sezinso se-polycystic ).
- Uma unikela ngenso enempilo komunye umuntu .
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzohlola impilo yakho iyonke. Bazohlola izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi. Bazohlola igazi ukuze bathole ukuthi hlobo luni lwegazi lakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi badinga ukulungiselela uma kwenzeka udinga ukunikela ngegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo (eyalelwe udokotela, ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, imithi yendabuko, ngisho namavithamini). Amanye ama-painkiller (ama-NSAID) kanye nama-blood thinner (ama-anticoagulant) angandisa ingozi yokopha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukusitshela nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho. Isibonelo:
- Ngemithi
- Izinto zokuhlanza isikhumba (isib. i-chlorhexidine, i-iodine)
- Nge-latex
- Kokudla okuthile
Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho (ukuzila ukudla). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma unokudla noma uketshezi esiswini sakho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kungahlanzwa kungene emaphashini akho, okungaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi njenge-pneumonia.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlinzwa?
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza i-nephrectomy. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Kwenzeka kanjani |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-nephrectomy okuvulekile | Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okungamasentimitha angu-12 ohlangothini lwakho noma esiswini sakho. Udokotela angabona ngqo ngaphakathi kwezinso ngaphandle kwekhamera bese enza ukuhlinzwa. Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma isimila sezinso sikhulu kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic (i-Laparoscopic/i-Robotic-assisted nephrectomy) | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole." Esikhundleni sokusika okukodwa okukhulu, kwenziwa izimbobo eziningana ezincane, ezingaba yisentimitha elilodwa ngobukhulu. Ithuluzi elincane elinekhamera (i-laparoscope) lifakwa ngembobo eyodwa bese ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kweso elibukhali lemonitha. Ukusika okukodwa kwenziwa kube kukhulu kancane ukuze kususwe izinso. Le nqubo ifinyeza isikhathi sokuphulukiswa futhi inciphise ubuhlungu. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa eGumbini Lokululama futhi uqashwe ngokucophelela uze uvuke. Ungase uzizwe ulele futhi unesicanucanu isikhashana ngenxa yomuthi wokubulala izinzwa. Lokhu kuvamile. Uzonikezwa imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu.
Ngokuvamile, ukudla okuqinile akunikelwa usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kunikezwa uketshezi. Ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukhuthazwa ukuba uvuke embhedeni uhambe kancane. Ukuhamba kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kukusiza ukuthi welaphe ngokushesha, futhi kuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni yakho (i-deep vein thrombosis).
Ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya koluhlanu. Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile. Ngisho nangemva kokuba usubuyele ekhaya, akukhuthazwa ukwenza noma yini esindayo (njengokuphakamisa isisindo esingaphezu kuka-4.5 kg) cishe amasonto ayisithupha.
Impilo injani ngenso eyodwa?
Lena yinkinga enkulu abantu abaningi abanayo. Ungakhathazeki. Ungaphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele ngenso eyodwa enempilo.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, izinso zakho ezisele zizokhula kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa bese ziqala ukwenza umsebenzi womzimba wakho kabili. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso eyodwa iyazivumelanisa nokwenza umsebenzi wezimbili.
Khumbula, ukuba nenso eyodwa enempilo esikhundleni sezinso ezimbili ezinempilo ngeke kube nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho. Ungaphila impilo evamile negcwele!
Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuvikela izinso zakho eziyigugu. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema imidlalo enomthelela omkhulu njenge-hockey, i-rugby, kanye ne-wrestling. Futhi, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso njalo (njenge-'creatinine clearance', `eGFR`) njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izinsuku zokulandelela. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
- Izinguquko kumchamo (ukuchama njalo, ukushintsha kombala)
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, izinqe, noma ubuso (i-edema)
- Ubuhlungu bomlenze
- Ukwanda okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Inkungu yobuchopho
Lezi kungaba izimpawu zenkinga ngezinso ezisele, ngakho ungazinaki.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Nephrectomy kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokukhipha inso. Kodwa ungaphila impilo egcwele nejabulisayo ngenso eyodwa enempilo.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezizathu ezinkulu njengomdlavuza, kanye nezizathu ezinhle njengokunikela ngezinso.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Nakekela izinso zakho ezisele njengegolide. Gwema imisebenzi engayilimaza futhi uthole ukuhlolwa njalo.
- Ungalokothi unqikaze ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile nganoma yikuphi ukwesaba noma ukungabaza ongase ube nakho nodokotela wakho.
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