Uyamdinga udokotela onakekela amathambo namalunga? Ake sixoxe ngoDokotela Wezamathambo/Udokotela Wezamathambo!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibalulekile kubantu abaningi. Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu emzimbeni wakho, ubuhlungu bamalunga, noma ukungakhululeki okuthile ngenkathi uhamba? Sibiza bani uma lokho kwenzeka? Namuhla sikhuluma ngochwepheshe osizayo ngezikhathi ezinjalo - lowo ngudokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo, noma njengoba sonke simazi, udokotela obizwa ngokuthi uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wamathambo. Abanye bambiza nangokuthi uDokotela Wamathambo.

Ungubani lo dokotela wamathambo?

Kalula nje, udokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo ungudokotela ogxile ekwelapheni izinkinga kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yemisipha, okuhlanganisa amathambo, amalunga, imisipha, kanye nemisipha . Bangakusiza ukuqeda ubuhlungu, ukunyakaza kangcono, futhi usebenze ngendlela evamile.

Yiziphi lezi zinkinga zemisipha nemisipha?

Lokhu kungase kubonakale njengegama elikhulu, kodwa kulula. Kubhekisela ezinkingeni zezingxenye zomzimba wethu ezisisiza ukuba sinyakaze futhi sinyakaze. Cabanga ngemizimba yethu njengomshini owenziwe izingxenye ngazinye. Ezinye zezingxenye eziyinhloko zalo "mshini" uhlelo lwemisipha:

• Amathambo: Lawa akha uhlaka lwamathambo emizimba yethu.
• I-cartilage: Ingxenye efana nomcamelo phakathi kwamalunga evimbela amathambo ukuthi angagudlani.
• Amalunga: Izindawo lapho amathambo amabili ehlangana khona (isib. idolo, indololwane).
• Ama-Ligaments: Izakhiwo eziqinile, ezifana nebhande ezixhumanisa amathambo ndawonye.
• Imisipha: Izingxenye ezisiza umzimba ukuthi unyakaze futhi ufinyele.
• Imizwa: Imizwa ethwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni emzimbeni wonke, esivumela ukuba sizwe ubuhlungu nokuthinta.
• Ama-Tendon: Amabhande aqinile axhumanisa imisipha namathambo.

Uma kunenkinga kunoma iyiphi yalezi zindawo, ingabhekwa njengenkinga yemisipha nemisipha.

Hlobo luni lwezifo eziphathwa udokotela ohlinza amathambo?

Laba odokotela belapha izifo eziningi nezimo ezahlukene. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• I-Arthritis: Ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuwohloka kwamalunga, ikakhulukazi i-osteoarthritis.
• Izimila zezicubu ezithambile ezithambile.
• Umdlavuza wamathambo.
• I-Bursitis - Ukuvuvukala kwezikhwama ezigcwele uketshezi eduze kwamalunga.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa: Isibonelo, i-clubfoot kanye ne-hip dysplasia.
• Ubuhlungu entanyeni nasemhlane ongezansi.
• Ukulimala kwamathambo: Izinto ezifana nokuphuka kwamathambo.
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo.
• Ukuqhekeka kanye nokucindezeleka.
• I-Tendinitis - Ukuvuvukala kwe-tendon.
• I-Scoliosis - Ukugoba komgogodla.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kukadokotela wezifo zamathambo nodokotela wamathambo?

Abantu abaningi banale nkinga. Bobabili laba odokotela bangochwepheshe ezifweni ezihlobene namathambo ethu, amalunga kanye nemisipha. Bobabili belapha izifo ezithile ezifana ne-arthritis, ubuhlungu bomhlane kanye ne-osteoporosis. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezimbalwa ezihlukile.

• Odokotela abahlinza amathambo bayahlinza . Odokotela abahlinza amathambo ngokuvamile abahlinzi.
• Udokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo ugxila kakhulu ezinkingeni ezibangelwa ukulimala, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kanye nezifo eziwohlokayo ezibangelwa ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside komzimba .
• Ngakolunye uhlangothi, udokotela wamathambo welapha izimo ezibangelwa izifo zesimiso somzimba ezithinta wonke umzimba. Lezi zivame ukubangelwa izinkinga ngesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-lupus, i-vasculitis, i-rheumatoid arthritis, kanye nezinye izifo ezingavamile ezizuzwe njengefa.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi laba odokotela ababili basebenzisana ukwelapha iziguli. Isibonelo, uma une-rheumatoid arthritis, udokotela wamathambo kanye nodokotela ohlinza amathambo bangasebenzisana ukukunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Yini ngempela eyenziwa udokotela ohlinza amathambo?

Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bamathambo belapha izifo eziningi zamathambo (abajwayelekile). Lokhu kusho ukuthi abazigcini endaweni eyodwa ethile. Abanye bathola ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe endaweni ethile futhi bagxile ekwelapheni izimo ezihlobene naleyo ndawo.

Nazi ezinye zezinto ezikhethekile ze-orthopedic:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwezinyawo neqakala.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwezandla kanye nengxenye engenhla yesinqe.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwamalunga.
• I-Orthopedic Oncology - Ukwelashwa kwezimila kanye nomdlavuza wamathambo nezicubu ezithambile.
• Ukulimala kwamathambo - ukulimala okukhulu njengokuphuka kwamathambo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo ezingane - Izinkinga zamathambo namalunga ezinganeni.
• Ukuhlinzwa komgogodla.
• Imithi yezemidlalo - ukulimala kanye nokuphazamiseka kwabadlali.

Hlobo luni lokuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha olutholwa yilaba odokotela bamathambo?

Lolu uhambo alulula. Ukuba udokotela wamathambo kudinga iminyaka engaba ngu-14 yokuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha .

• Okokuqala, iziqu zesayensi zeminyaka emine (izifundo ze-undergraduate).
• Bese kuba iminyaka emine yesikole sezokwelapha. Lokhu kungaba yiziqu zezokwelapha zendabuko, okuyi-M.D. (Doctor of Medicine), noma imfundo ye-osteopathic, okuyiziqu ze-D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy). Laba odokotela be-D.O. bacabangela ngqo ingqondo yomuntu, umzimba, nomoya wakhe, futhi balandela indlela yokwelapha 'umuntu wonke'.
• Okulandelayo, kufanele uqedele ukuhlolwa kwamathambo, okuvame ukuba yiminyaka emihlanu. Yilapho uthola khona ulwazi olusebenzayo endaweni yasesibhedlela futhi ufunde ngokuhlinzwa okuhlukahlukene kanye nokwelashwa.
• Uma ufuna ukukhethelwa omunye umsebenzi kwenye insimu, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kuzodingeka uqedele omunye unyaka noma emibili yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile (ubungane).

Ngemva kokuthi konke lokhu sekuqediwe, bangaba odokotela abahlinzayo bamathambo abaqinisekiswe yibhodi. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele baphumelele nezivivinyo ezikhethekile. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele baqhubeke nokufunda izinto ezintsha futhi bavuselele ulwazi lwabo lwezokwelapha (ukuqhubeka nemfundo yezokwelapha).

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ohlinza amathambo?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kungaba ngumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela wamathambo:

• Uma kukhona umsindo othi 'kiri kiri' noma othi 'tok' lapho indawo efanele inyakaziswa.
• Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala noma ukubomvu (ukuvuvukala) emalungeni.
• Uma unesifo samalunga .
• Uma uzizwa ungenamizwa noma uthukuthele .
• Uma ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe ngenxa yobuhlungu.
• Uma uzizwa uqinile noma uqinile emzimbeni wakho .

Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukubona udokotela ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi sami sokuqala sokuqokwa?

Kulungile, ake sithi usanda kuya kudokotela. Ngosuku lokuqala, nakhu okungenzeka kwenzeke:

• Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngezimpawu zakho , umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila . Bazokubuza imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga onazo, isikhathi osibe nazo, nokuthi zivame ukuba zimbi nini.
• Umzimba wakho uzohlolwa. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi ngokuthinta ilunga elithintekile ngezindlela ezahlukene . Bazohlola futhi ukuthi indawo ivuvukele, ibomvu, noma ibuhlungu yini ukuyithinta.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze isivivinyo, njenge- X-ray, ukuze kuhlolwe isimo samathambo akho.
• Kuchaza ukuxilongwa kwakho.
• Okulandelayo, bazokutshela ngezincomo zokwelapha .

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ufuna ukubheka ngokujulile, kudingeka i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan.Kungenziwa kahle. Lokhu kunganakekela kahle hhayi amathambo kuphela, kodwa nezicubu ezithambile njenge-cartilage kanye ne-tendon. Uma kunjalo, kungase kungenzeki ukusho ngqo ukuthi siyini lesi sifo nokuthi uhlelo lokwelashwa luyini ngosuku lokuqala. Okwamanje, udokotela uzokweluleka ukuthi unciphise izimpawu.

Ingabe ukuhlangana nodokotela ohlinza amathambo kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uhlinzwe nakanjani?

Cha, ayikho into enjalo nhlobo! Lokho kuyiphutha abantu abaningi abanalo. Lapho nje sizwa igama elithi "udokotela ohlinzayo," sesaba ukuthi kuzodingeka sihlinzwe.

Odokotela abahlinza amathambo bangochwepheshe kokubili kumasu angahlinzwa kanye nawokuhlinza. Ukuhlinzwa kungaba ukukhetha kokuqala kokulimala kwamathambo noma izimo zokuzalwa.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo eziningi, odokotela bazama ukwelashwa okungewona ukuhlinzwa kuqala. Ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ukwelashwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ukuze kutholakale impumuzo ehlala njalo. Kuvamile ukuzama ukwelashwa okuningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma nje kungekho kulokhu kwelashwa okuqeda izimpawu zakho, kufanele ucabangele ukuhlinzwa. Ngisho nalapho, udokotela wakho uzochaza imininingwane, izingozi, kanye nezinzuzo kuwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingadingi ukuhlinzwa ezisetshenziswa odokotela abahlinza amathambo?

Kulungile, ake sibone ukuthi yini engenziwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezinjengalezi:

• Imishini ekhethekile: ama-braces, ama-sling (njengebhande elilenga engalweni), i-plaster yaseParis (ama-cast - siwabiza ngokuthi ama-POP) noma ama-splint (ama-splint - ama-straps esikhashana abambe amathambo noma amalunga endaweni yawo).
• Imijovo yamalunga: Imithi ye-steroid, njenge-cortisone, yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ngezinye izikhathi, imijovo ebizwa ngokuthi i-viscosupplementation, efaka i-lubricant emalungeni, ingasetshenziswa.
• Imithi engeyona i-opioid: Imithi efana ne-Paracetamol noma i-Ibuprofen (lena kufanele ithathwe njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela).
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile kanye nokwelashwa ukuze kukhululeke imisipha eqinile, kuqiniswe imisipha, futhi kwandiswe ukuhamba kwamalunga.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kukusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke, njengokugqoka nokudla, futhi kalula uma inzima ngenxa yokugula.
• Ukwelashwa nge-plasma ecebile ngama-platelet (PRP): Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlukanisa ama-platelet egazini lakho bese uwafaka endaweni enenkinga. Lokhu kuseyindlela yokwelapha yokuhlola kwezinye izimo.
• Ama-Orthotics:Izifakelo zezicathulo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zisiza ekubekeni unyawo kahle. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bezinyawo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezenziwa odokotela abahlinza amathambo?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa okwenziwa yilaba odokotela. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olukufanele luncike esimweni onaso. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje.

Izinqubo zezinyawo neqakala

• Ukulungiswa kwemisipha ye-Achilles
• Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-Bunion - ithambo eliphumayo kuzwane olukhulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwezinzwane ze-hammertoe - isimo lapho izinzwane zigobile khona.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokukhulula i-Plantar fasciitis - kobuhlungu ematheni onyawo.
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kweqakala noma ukuhlanganiswa kwalo lonke

Ukuhlinzwa kwezandla kanye nemilenze engenhla

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-carpal tunnel syndrome (ukukhululwa komhubhe we-Carpal) - kokungasebenzi kahle kwesandla.
• Ukuhlinzwa kukaDupuytren kokuqina kwemisipha - isimo lapho iminwe ingenakunwetshwa khona.
• Ukususwa kwe-Ganglion cyst - I-cyst egcwele uketshezi eyakheka endaweni yesihlakala.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Rotator cuff - ukulungisa i-tendon edabukile ehlombe.
• Ukuhlinzwa komunwe okubangela ukuvuvukala - Isimo lapho umunwe uzizwa ubambekile uma ugobile futhi weluliwe.

Ukufakwa esikhundleni kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwamalunga

• Ukufakwa esikhundleni okuphelele kwesinqe
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwedolo okuphelele nokungaphelele
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwamahlombe okuphelele
• Izinqubo ezingavamile, njengokushintsha indololwane noma isihlakala

Ukunakekelwa kokulimala kwamathambo

• Ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka kwendawo
• Ukulungiswa kokuphuka - kusetshenziswa izintambo namapuleti.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-non-union, malunion, noma i-osteomyelitis ngemva kokuphuka.
• Ukuhlinzwa kabusha kokulungisa amathambo aphukile kakhulu noma amalunga alimele kakhulu.

Ukuhlinzwa komgogodla

• I-Laminectomy - Ukususwa kwengxenye yomgogodla ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezelwa kwemizwa.
• Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka komgogodla - Ukunciphisa ingcindezi ezinzwa.
• Ukuhlanganiswa komgogodla - Ukuhlinzwa kokuqinisa umgogodla ngokuhlanganisa amathambo amabili noma ngaphezulu ndawonye.

Izinqubo zokulimala kwezemidlalo

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Meniscus - ukulungisa i-cartilage edabukile edolweni.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) - ukulungisa i-ligament enkulu edolweni.
• Ukulungiswa kokudabuka kwe-Rotator cuff
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwesinqe Kokudabuka Kwezinsini

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, udokotela wamathambo ngumuntu osiza abantu babo bonke ubudala abanezinkinga ezihlobene namathambo abo, amalunga, nemisipha. Abanye bangochwepheshe ezindaweni ezithile, njengezingalo, imilenze, nomgogodla. Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho, lungela ukukhuluma ngezimpawu zakho, izifo zakho zangaphambilini, kanye nokwelashwa oye wazama.

Khumbula, ukubona udokotela wamathambo akusho ukuthi kufanele uhlinzwe ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Banikeza abantu abaningi ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa okufana nokujova kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba. Ngakho-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki emzimbeni wakho noma emalungeni akho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela ohlinza amathambo bese ucela iseluleko.

Udokotela Wamathambo, Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wamathambo, Izifo Zamathambo, Izifo Zamalunga, Izinkinga Zemisipha, Ubuhlungu Bomhlane, Ubuhlungu Bamadolo, Ukuhlinzwa