Ingabe kufanele sifunde ngesifo samaphaphu (i-Paragonimiasis), esingatholakala ngokudla izinkalankala ezingaphekiwe kanye nezinkala zasemanzini ahlanzekile?

Uyathanda ukudla izinto ezifana nezinkalankala kanye nezinkalankala zamanzi? Ikakhulukazi ezweni lakithi, i-crab curry, uwoyela wezinkalankala, kanye nokudla okubabayo kwenza umlomo wakho ube manzi, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, abanye abantu bathanda nezinto ezifana nama-crab pickle aluhlaza noma angaphekiwe kahle kanye namasaladi enziwe ngeviniga. Kodwa, bewazi ukuthi kukhona i-parasite eyingozi engangena emizimbeni yethu ngalokhu kudla okumnandi futhi yonakalise amaphaphu ethu, ikakhulukazi? Isifo esibangelwa yileyo parasite sibizwa ngokuthi i-Paragonimiasis. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla.

Kuyini i-Paragonimiasis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-Paragonimiasis iwukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-flatworm (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-fluke) yohlobo lwe-Paragonimus. Ungayithola uma udla izinkalankala noma i-crayfish eluhlaza, engaphekiwe kahle, noma efakwe uviniga.

Lesi silwanyana esibizwa ngokuthi ‘i-Paragonimus’ sivame ukuthinta kakhulu amaphaphu akho . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zibungu zingaya esikhumbeni sakho (i-cutaneous paragonimiasis) noma ebuchosheni bakho (i-cerebral paragonimiasis) futhi zibangele ukutheleleka lapho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zalesi sifo - njengokukhwehlela igazi, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo - ngezinye izikhathi zingadidaniswa kalula nesifo sofuba (i-TB) noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Ikuphi lapho lesi silwanyana (i-Paragonimus) sivame kakhulu khona?

Lezi zibungu ze-'Paragonimus' zitholakala ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Kubikwa ukuthi zikhona nakwezinye izingxenye zaseMelika naseCanada. Kodwa-ke, amacala amaningi e-paragonimiasis abikwa kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, e-Afrika naseLatin America. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu esifundeni sase-Asia lapho sikhona.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Paragonimiasis?

Izimpawu zingase ziqale ukuvela phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngemva kokutheleleka yilesi sifo. Ungase uqale ubhekane nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwesisu noma zokugaya ukudla. Bese kuba nezimpawu zamaphaphu.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile :

• Ukuba nomkhuhlane.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala.
• Ukukhwehlela: Lokhu kungase kuqale njengokukhwehlela okomile, bese kuba kubi ngokwanele ukukhiqiza i-phlegm enombala ogqwalile, noma ngisho negazi .
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu (uhudo).
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Amaqhubu amancane avela ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesisu. Lokhu kungaba buhlungu ukuwathinta, futhi kungase kuzwakale sengathi aya phezulu, aya esifubeni.

Izimpawu uma ubuchopho buthintekile (`Cerebral Paragonimiasis`)

Uma lesi silwanyana 'seParagonimus' sifika ngokuzumayo ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa, okungukuthi, ebuchosheni bakho nasemgogodleni, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuquleka .
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Izinkinga zokubona njengokubona okukabili kanye nokungaboni kahle.
• Ukudideka, umuzwa sengathi ingqondo iyaphazamiseka.
• Ukuhlanza.
• Ukuqina kwentamo, ubunzima bokugoba.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.

Uma kuvela lezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani kwenzeka le paragonimiasis? Iyini imbangela?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lokhu kubangelwa yi-flatworm ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Paragonimus'. Uyithola ngokudla izinkalankala ezingaphekiwe kahle noma ezingaphekiwe kahle noma izinkalankala zasemanzini ahlanzekile. Cabanga nje, 'ama-cyst' amancane alezi zikelenkala, okuyizibungu (okungukuthi, ezincane), angatholakala enyameni yezinkala noma oketshezini lwazo lomzimba.

Uma udla into efana naleyo, izibungu ziyachacha kula maqanda asemathunjini akho amancane . Bese, lezi zibungu zihamba odongeni lwesisu, nge-diaphragm (ulwelwesi oluhlukanisa isisu nesifuba) ziye emaphashini akho. Yilapho zikhula khona kancane kancane zibe izibungu ezindala.

Amasosha omzimba wakho alwa nalezi zibungu emaphashini akho, akhe amagobolondo aqinile abizwa ngokuthi ama-cyst azungeze wona. Lokhu kufana nokuzama ukubamba isitha. Kodwa-ke, la ma-cyst ngezinye izikhathi angaqhuma, akhiphe igazi, ubomvu, namaqanda ezibungu emaphashini akho. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwesibili kwamagciwane.

Ingabe i-paragonimiasis iyathelelana kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye?

Cha. Khumbula lokhu. I-paragonimiasis akuyona isifo esingadluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Uyithola kuphela uma udla ukudla okuqukethe i-parasite, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ze-paragonimiasis zihilela amaphaphu akho. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Inyumoniya
• I-Bronchiectasis - Ukwanda kwemigudu yomoya.
• Ithumba lamaphaphu - Iqoqo lobomvu nezicubu ezifile ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni - Ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini.
• I-Empyema - Iqoqo lobomvu obuzungeze amaphaphu.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani i-paragonimiasis?

Udokotela uzoxilonga lesi sifo ngokuhlola uketshezi noma izicubu zomzimba wakho ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona amaqanda e-parasite. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa yi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwehlela: Kuthathwa isampula ye-mucus emaphashini akho bese ihlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Ngezinye izikhathi amaqanda ezikelemu angadluliselwa endle.
• Ukuhlola uketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu (i-pleural fluid).
• Ukuhlolwa kwesampula yesikhumba noma ezinye izicubu: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kukhona amaqhubu esikhumba, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yesikhumba bese ihlolwa.

Ungase futhi ube nokuhlolwa okukhethekile kwezithombe ukuze ubheke amaphaphu akho nezinye izitho ezingase zithinteke. Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, ungase futhi ube nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uhlole ama-antibodies esibungu, noma ukuhlolwa koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal uma ubuchopho bakho buthintekile.

Yiziphi izivivinyo nezindlela ezenziwayo?

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo nezinqubo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI `(MRI)`
• I-Bronchoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elinekhamera encane ku-trachea ukuze kubhekwe ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu bese kuthathwa amasampula uma kudingeka.
• I-biopsy yesikhumba: Uma kukhona iqhubu lesikhumba, kuthathwa ingxenye encane bese ihlolwa.

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa kwe-paragonimiasis! Odokotela basebenzisa imithi yokulwa nezibungu ukuze bayelaphe. Imithi evame kakhulu yi -Praziquantel noma i-Triclabendazole .

Okubalulekile: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile, isikhathi esinqunyiwe.

Uma une-cerebral paragonimiasis, isimo esithinta ubuchopho, odokotela bangakunikeza nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni. Akuvamile kakhulu, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ama-cyst akhiwe yilezi zibungu.

Ingabe i-paragonimiasis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo, lesi yisifo eselaphekayo. Izifundo ezenziwe eJapane zikhombisile ukuthi umuthi i-Praziquantel ungawelapha ngokuphelele amagciwane aphakathi kuka-86% no-100%. Ngakho-ke, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, uma uthola ukwelashwa okufanele, ungelapheka.

Yini okufanele uyilindele uma uhlaselwa yilesi sifo?

Uma une-paragonimiasis, ngokuvamile uzonikezwa inkambo emfushane yemithi yokulwa nezibungu, ngokuvamile usuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma imithi ingaziqedi ngokuphelele izibungu, izimpawu zakho zingase zibuye. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuzodingeka welashwe futhi.

Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi uma kungelashwa? Ingabe kungaba yingozi?

Yebo, uma ingelashwa, cishe ama-5% eziguli ezine-cerebral paragonimiasis, ethinta ubuchopho, angafa. Ngakho-ke, uma kunezimpawu, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukulibazisa ukufuna ukwelashwa.

Ungayigwema kanjani i-paragonimiasis? (Ukuvimbela)

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme le nkinga, kufanele ugweme ukudla izinkalankala kanye nezimbaza okucatshangwa ukuthi zifuye i-'Paragonimus' virus. Khumbula, ukupheka ukudla kahle kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela.

Qaphela kakhulu lokhu kudla:

• Inkalankala eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle.
• Inkalankala efakwe ukhilimu: Kukhona ingozi uma ingafakwanga kahle.
• Inkalankala enosawoti: Le ndlela ingase ingabulali izinambuzane.
• Inkalankala "edakiwe": Inkalankala ezifakwe emanzini anosawoti noma ezicwiliswe otshwaleni, njengewayini. Ungacabangi ukuthi utshwala buzobulala igciwane.
• Ijusi lenkalankala: Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo. Kuyingozi uma kudliwa kungaphekiwe.

Kalula nje, uma udla izinkalankala nezinye izimbaza, zipheke kahle ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-63 (145 Fahrenheit). Yilapho lezi zinambuzane zifa khona.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-paragonimiasis (ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nomkhuhlane esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili), bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi uma ukhumbula muva nje ukuthi udla i-crab noma i-mussels engaphekiwe kahle, tshela udokotela wakho ngalokho. Kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emavikini amabili kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili ukuthi izimpawu zibonakale, ngakho ungakhohlwa ukudla into oyidlile esikhathini esidlule.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu ezinzima, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-103/40 degrees Celsius).
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni.
• Uma ukhwehlela igazi.
• Uma unesifo sokuwa .
• Uma uzizwa udidekile noma unesimo sengqondo esishintshile.

Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi, ngakho ungalibali.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, kungaba usizo ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Kuzongithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba ngibe ngcono?
• Kufanele ngiwuthathe kanjani ngempela lo muthi? (izikhathi zokuwuthatha, ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla, njll.)
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezingathi sína okufanele ngikhathazeke ngazo? (okungukuthi izimpawu ezidinga ukubona udokotela futhi)
• Kufanele ngibuye nini ukukubona futhi? (Ukuze ngilandele)

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Paragonimiasis yisifo esibangelwa yizinambuzane esingatholakala ngokudla izinkalankala ezingaphekiwe kahle kanye ne-crayfish yamanzi ahlanzekile. Sivame ukuthinta amaphaphu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi singathinta ubuchopho nesikhumba.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi, kulula kakhulu ukuvimbela lokhu. Uma udla izinto ezifana nezinkalankala nama-mussels , into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzipheka kahle. Gwema ukudla okuluhlaza, okungaphekiwe kahle, noma okungafakwanga uviniga.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zalesi sifo, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinhle zalokhu, futhi uma welashwa kahle, kungalapheka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela kancane ngokudla okudlayo futhi uhlale uphilile. Uyaqonda?

I- Paragonimiasis, isifo samaphaphu, inkalankala eluhlaza, inkalankala yamanzi ahlanzekile, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukukhwehlela igazi, ubuhlungu besifuba