Ake sifunde nje ngohlelo lokuthumela imiyalezo olumangalisayo lomzimba wethu - uhlelo lwezinzwa!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi konke kwenzeka kanjani uma ucwayiza, uma umomotheka, noma uma uzizwa ulambile? Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kukhona uhlelo olumangalisayo noluyinkimbinkimbi. Leso uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalolu hlelo olumangalisayo kalula, njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Iyini i-Nervous System?

Kalula nje, uhlelo lwezinzwa luhlelo olulawula umzimba wakho wonke, njengenethiwekhi ye-supercomputer edlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kwengxenye ngayinye yomzimba wakho . Kufana nezintambo zikagesi endlini yakho. Uma uvula iswishi, ukukhanya kuyavuleka, ifeni iyajikeleza, konke emzimbeni wakho kwenzeka ngokwemiyalezo evela ebuchosheni bethu.

Kunezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zalolu hlelo:

1. Ubuchopho: Lokhu kufana 'nekhompyutha yethu eyinhloko'. Inesibopho sakho konke esikucabangayo, esikukhumbulayo, esikuzwayo, nesikwenza izinqumo. Ngisho nalapho ufunda lesi sihloko, ubuchopho bakho buhumusha lezo zinhlamvu futhi buzenza zizizwe kuwe. Akumangalisi yini?

2. Intambo Yomgogodla: Lokhu kufana 'nomgwaqo omkhulu' ogeleza usuka ebuchosheni bakho wehle ngomgogodla wakho. Kungale ntambo yomgogodla lapho imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni bakho idluliselwa khona emzimbeni wakho wonke, futhi imiyalezo evela emzimbeni wakho ibuyiselwa ebuchosheni bakho. Cabanga nje, uma into ethile ikushaya umlenze, umyalezo wobuhlungu uhamba uye phezulu ngomgogodla ngesivinini sombani uye ebuchosheni bakho.

3. Imizwa: Lena 'imigwaqo emincane' ephuma emgogodleni iye kuwo wonke amakhona omzimba. Njengamagatsha esihlahla, lemizwa ixhunywe kuzo zonke izitho nezicubu emzimbeni wethu. Le nethiwekhi yemizwa yiyo ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba.

Ngakho-ke, ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa kuyahlangana ukuze kwakheke uhlelo lwezinzwa. Kusebenza ndawonye njengeqembu eliqeqeshwe kahle ukulawula ukusebenza komzimba wethu wonke.

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso sezinzwa?

Manje ake sibheke kabanzi "abadlali" abaphambili besimiso sezinzwa. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko kulokhu. Kufana nohulumeni ophakathi ezweni, nokuthi uhulumeni usabalalisa amandla ezifundazweni.

1. Isistimu Yezinzwa Ephakathi (i-CNS):

Lesi 'yiSikhungo Sokulawula' sesimiso sethu sezinzwa. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, sakhiwe ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla . Laba ababili yibo abenza izinqumo eziyinhloko, bahlaziye ulwazi olungenayo, futhi bakhiphe imiyalo edingekayo. Cabanga nje, lapho uhamba emgwaqweni bese ngokuzumayo ubona imoto iza, lesi simiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko sinikeza umzimba wakho umyalo wokuba uhambe ngokushesha.

2. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluhambayo (i-PNS):

Lena inethiwekhi yezinzwa esukela ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi iye kuwo wonke umzimba. Zifana 'nama-agent' athatha imiyalezo evela esikhungweni sokulawula futhi enze imisebenzi yawo, futhi aletha ulwazi oluvela ngaphandle lubuyele esikhungweni sokulawula. Lezi zinzwa ezingaphandle zisakazeke yonke indawo kusukela ekugcineni komunwe wakho kuya endlebeni yakho.

"Kalula nje, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS) lufana 'nomphathi', owenza izinqumo. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluseceleni (PNS) lufana 'nezisebenzi' ezithwala imiyalezo yomphathi futhi zenze umsebenzi."

Lolu hlelo lwezinzwa oluseceleni luhlukaniswe kakhulu lwaba izingxenye ezincane, kodwa akudingeki singene emininingwaneni eminingi ngakho. Okwamanje, ake siqonde lolu hlu oluyinhloko. Into ebalulekile ukuthi zombili lezi zingxenye zisebenze ndawonye, ​​ngendlela ehlelekile kakhulu. Enye ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwenye. Kufana nokuthi isitimela sidinga kokubili imizila kanye nesitimela ukuze sihambe.

Ngakho-ke lesi simiso sezinzwa sisebenza kanjani? Kuyamangalisa!

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lolu hlelo olumangalisayo lusebenza kanjani ngempela. Kufana nokuthumela imiyalezo nge-imeyili, kodwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kuyashesha.

Kukhona 'iqhawe' elincane, kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke lolu hlelo. Lawo amangqamuzana akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons . Kunezigidigidi zala ma-neurons emizimbeni yethu, amancane kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuwacabanga! Njengezingcezu ezincane zentambo kagesi ezihlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​ziyahlangana ukuze zakhe 'inethiwekhi yethu yokuxhumana'.

Iyini i-neuron?

I-neuron iyiyunithi eyisisekelo yesimiso sezinzwa, njengesitini. Kufana nomuntu othatha umlayezo awudlulisele komunye umuntu ngokushesha. Lawa ma-neuron axhumene futhi ashintshana ngolwazi ngezibonakaliso ze-electrochemical . Cabanga nje, uma ubamba inkomishi yetiye eshisayo, lowo myalezo 'oshisayo' uqala ngama-neurons asesandleni sakho, ugxume usuka kwenye i-neuron uye kwenye, bese uya ebuchosheni ngokushesha, njengomdlalo 'wama-dominoes'. Bese ubuchopho buphendula kuwo bese buthumela umlayezo esandleni sakho ngama-neurons uthi, 'Susa isandla sakho, uzosha!' Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuphazima kweso, ngesivinini ongeke usicabange!

Ingabe kunezinhlobo zama-neurons?

Yebo, akuwona wonke ama-neuron enza umsebenzi ofanayo. Njengoba nje abantu emphakathini wethu benemisebenzi ehlukene (njengodokotela, onjiniyela, othisha), ama-neuron nawo anemisebenzi ethile. Singazihlukanisa kakhulu kanje:

• Ama-Neuron Ezinzwa: Njengoba igama lisho, lawa yiwo athatha ulwazi ezinzwa zethu - amehlo, izindlebe, ikhala, ulimi, isikhumba, njll. - bese eluthumela ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni. Uma ubona imbali enhle, uzwa ingoma, udla ukudla okumnandi, noma uzwa ukulunywa umiyane, la ma-neuron ezinzwa yiwo atshela ubuchopho konke lokhu.

• Ama-Neuron Ezimoto:Lawa ma-neuron yiwo athwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni nasentanjeni yomgogodla iye emisipheni nasezindlala zethu. Kalula nje, yimiyalezo evela kula ma-neuron akusiza ukuthi uhambise ingalo, uphakamise umlenze, ukhulume, futhi umomotheke. Cabanga nje, uma ufuna ukugijima, ubuchopho buthumela umyalo emisipheni esemilenzeni yakho ukuthi 'ugijime' ngalezi zinzwa ze-motor.

• Ama-Interneurons: Lawa afana 'nabaxhumanisi'. Ahlanganisa, acubungule, futhi ngezinye izikhathi enza izinqumo ezincane mayelana nemiyalezo evela kuma-sensory neurons ngaphambi kokuba athunyelwe kuma-motor neurons. Atholakala kakhulu ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi, okuwubuchopho kanye nomgogodla.

Lezi zigidigidi zama-neuron zilawula indlela esicabanga ngayo, lokho esikufundayo, indlela esinyakaza ngayo, nendlela esizizwa ngayo . Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa lesi simiso sezinzwa silawula nezinqubo eziningi ezibalulekile ezenzeka emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele.

Isibonelo, bheka:

- Ukuphefumula: Asicabangi ngokuphefumula. Kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kulawulwa uhlelo lwezinzwa.

- Ukugaya: Ukugaya ukudla esikudlayo nakho kuyinqubo ezenzakalelayo. Uhlelo lwezinzwa luvuselela imisipha nezindlala ezihilelekile kule nqubo.

- Isilinganiso senhliziyo: Lolu hlelo luphinde lulawule izinga inhliziyo yethu eshaya ngalo. Uma ugijima, inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, futhi uma ulele, ishaya kancane. Lezi zinguquko zenziwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini ezivela ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Ngakho-ke, uyaqonda ukuthi lesi simiso sezinzwa simangalisa, siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sibaluleke kangakanani? Kufana 'negumbi lokulawula' emzimbeni wethu, konke kwenzeka ngokusekelwe olwazini lwaso.

Kungani isimiso sezinzwa esinempilo sibaluleke kangaka kithi?

Manje njengoba usunomqondo othile ngesimiso sezinzwa, ungase ucabange, 'Kulungile, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kuyamangalisa. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke ngani ukusigcina siphilile?'

Cabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ohlelweni lukagesi ekhaya lakho? Mhlawumbe izibani ngeke zivuleke, ifeni ngeke ivuleke, noma into enkulu nakakhulu. Ngokufanayo, uma kukhona ubuthakathaka, umonakalo, noma isifo ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa, kungathinta impilo yethu yonke kanye nokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke.

• Izinkinga zokuhamba: Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa zingenza kube nzima ukuhamba, ukubamba izinto, nokugcina ibhalansi. Ngezinye izikhathi, izitho zomzimba zingakhubazeka.
• Izinguquko ekuzweni: Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokungezwani, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuthinta, ukushisa, noma ukubanda.
• Ukukhubazeka kokucabanga kanye nenkumbulo: Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokufunda izinto ezintsha, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, kanye nobunzima bokwenza izinqumo.
• Izinguquko ekulawulweni kwemizwelo:Ezinye izifo zezinzwa zingabangela ushintsho emizweni, njengokuthukuthela ngokweqile, ukudabuka, nokwesaba.
• Izinkinga ngezinqubo zangaphakathi zomzimba: Izinto ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, ukungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo, kanye nobunzima bokuchama nakho kungahlotshaniswa nezinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa.

Ngakho-ke, ukugcina uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luphilile futhi lusebenza kahle kubaluleke kakhulu kwikhwalithi yethu yokuphila iyonke. Sidinga ukukunakekela. Izinto ezilula ezifana nokudla okulinganiselayo, ukulala ngokwanele, ukuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke, kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kungasiza ekugcineni uhlelo lwezinzwa luphilile. Futhi, uma unezimpawu ezingavamile, isibonelo, ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo, ukungakhululeki, noma ubunzima bokuhamba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela.

Ngakho-ke, yini into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho namuhla? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Sixoxe kakhulu ngeSistimu Yezinzwa, uhlelo olumangalisayo kakhulu nolubalulekile emzimbeni wethu, akunjalo? Ngithemba ukuthi usuyiqonda kahle manje.

Kalula nje, isimiso sezinzwa ‘siyigumbi lokulawula eliyinhloko’ elilawula umzimba wakho wonke, elikusiza ukuthi ucabange, uzizwe, unyakaze, futhi ufunde.

• Lolu hlelo olumangalisayo lwakhiwe ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa esakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba.
• Lokhu kushintshana kwemiyalezo kwenzeka ngesivinini sombani ngamaseli amancane, kodwa anamandla kakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons.
• Kungenxa yokuthi lolu hlelo lusebenza kahle ukuthi siphefumula, sigaye ukudla, inhliziyo yethu ishaya, futhi silawule zonke izenzo zethu, imizwa, kanye nemicabango.

Ngakho-ke, isimiso sakho sezinzwa sifana nempahla eyigugu kakhulu onayo. Ungasithathi kalula. Kungumthwalo wakho wemfanelo ukusigcina siphilile. Ukudla okunempilo okuhle, ukulala ngokwanele, ukuzivocavoca okuncane kwansuku zonke, kanye nenjabulo yengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu. Uma uzizwa unenkinga noma yini engavamile, ungayinaki futhi ungakhohlwa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Nakekela 'uhlelo lwakho lwe-supercomputer'! Khona-ke ungaphila impilo enempilo, ejabulisayo, nenamandla.

Uhlelo lwezinzwa, ubuchopho, umgogodla, ama-neurons, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, uhlelo lwezinzwa olungaphandle, impilo yezinzwa