Masiqonde i-Encephalitis: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele nguNirogi Lanka

Namuhla, sixoxa ngesimo esingase sizwakale sibi kakhulu: ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, noma njengoba odokotela besibiza kanjalo, i-Encephalitis . Nakuba igama lingase libonakale liyesabisa, ukuliqonda ngokucacile kuzokusiza ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo. Ake sihlole ukuthi lokhu kuyini, kungani kwenzeka, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani wena nabathandekayo bakho.

Kuyini i-Encephalitis?

Kalula nje, i-Encephalitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho . Njengoba nje ingxenye yomzimba wakho ingavuvukala ngemva kokulimala, ubuchopho bakho bungabhekana nenqubo efanayo yokuvuvukala. Ezimweni eziningi, kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe kuthiwa yi- acute viral encephalitis , okusho ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yigciwane ngokuzumayo, noma aseptic encephalitis ; la magama wonke achaza isimo esifanayo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Nakuba i-Encephalitis ibhekwa njengesifo esingavamile futhi akuyona into ethinta wonke umuntu njalo, abantu abathile banengozi enkulu yokuba nayo:

• Izingane ezincane.
• Abantu abadala (njengogogo nomkhulu bethu).
• Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abanemizimba engakwazi ukulwa nezifo, njengalabo abaphila ne HIV/AIDS , labo abathola ukwelashwa cancer , noma labo abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.

Ngokusho kwezinhlangano zezempilo ezifana ne-CDC, izinkulungwane zabantu zitholakala zine-encephalitis minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bakholelwa ukuthi inani langempela lamacala liphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zokuqala zingaba ezicashile noma zifane nomkhuhlane ovamile, abantu abaningi bangase babe ne-encephalitis ngaphandle kokuthola ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-encephalitis?

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Nakuba abanye abantu beba nezimpawu ezibucayi , abanye bangase babe nokubonakaliswa okungekubi kakhulu.

Uma isifo sincane…

Uma isimo singabi sibi kakhulu, ungase ubone izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Imfiva
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla
• Ukulahlekelwa amandla
• Ukungaphatheki kahle okuvamile (ukuzizwa "ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu")

Uma isifo sibi kakhulu…

Uma i-encephalitis iqhubeka, izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu :

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Intamo eqinile
• Ukudideka - Ukuzizwa udidekile noma unenkinga yokuqonda okukuzungezile.
• Ukushintsha kobuntu - Hhayi ukuziphatha ngendlela ojwayele ukuzibona ngayo.
• Ukudlikizela noma ukuxhuzula
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ubunzima bokuqonda inkulumo
• Ukuphupha izinto ezingekho – Ukubona noma ukuzwa izinto ezingekho.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Ukozela okukhulu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-coma)

Okubalulekile: Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho nihlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingaba khona.

Kuthiwani ngezinsana nezingane ezincane?

Kungaba nzima ukubona lezi zimpawu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa noma ezincane, njengoba zingakwazi ukuveza indlela ezizizwa ngayo. Njengomzali, hlala uqaphele:

• Ukuhlanza
• I-fontanel evuvukele (indawo ethambile phezulu kwekhanda).
• Ukukhala okuqhubekayo , ikakhulukazi uma kungaduduzeki uma kubanjwa noma kuthintwa.
• Ukuqina komzimba
• Ukudinwa – ukubonakala ukhathele ngendlela engavamile, ungasebenzi, noma ungasabeli.

Khumbula ukuthi nakuba ezinye izimo ziqala njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile noma umkhuhlane ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zibe yi-encephalitis, ezinye zingase zivele ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso . Ukuhlala unolwazi ngalezi zimpawu kubalulekile empilweni yakho.

Kungani kuvela i-encephalitis? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Encephalitis ivame ukubangelwa amagciwane . Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezimbangela zamagciwane:

1. Amagciwane e-Herpes:

• Igciwane elibangela i-chickenpox .
• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) , elibangela i-mononucleosis ethelelanayo.
• Igciwane le-Herpes simplex , elivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezilonda zomkhuhlane.

2. Amagciwane athwalwa yizinambuzane kanye nezinye izifo:

• Igciwane laseWest Nile , elidluliselwa omiyane.
• Izifo ezithwalwa yizimpukane, njengesifo saseLyme noma umkhuhlane onamabala eRocky Mountain .

3. Izifo zezingane ezingavinjelwa ngomjovo:

• Isimungumungwane
• Ama-mumps
• I-Rubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane)

"Ngenhlanhla, ngenxa yemithi yokugoma yesimanje, i-encephalitis ebangelwa yilezi zifo manje ayivamile kakhulu. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlala usesikhathini ngemithi yakho yokugoma."

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimbangela ezivamile, i-encephalitis ingabangelwa ngezinye izikhathi yi:

• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane , njengenkinga ebangelwa yi -bacterial meningitis .
• Izinkinga ezivela kwezinye izifo ezifana ne -syphilis .
• Izimuncagazi , njenge -toxoplasmosis , ezingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana nendle yekati ethelelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-immune system ebuthakathaka.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ngisho nangokuhlolwa okubanzi, imbangela eqondile ye-encephalitis ayikatholakali .

Ingabe i-encephalitis iyathelelana?

Umehluko obalulekile lapha ukuthi ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ngokwako akuthelelani ngqo . Kodwa-ke, amagciwane abangela i-encephalitis angasakazeka . Isibonelo, uma uthola i-encephalitis ngenxa yegciwane le-chickenpox, ungadlulisela igciwane le-chickenpox komunye umuntu. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othola lelo gciwane ozokuthola i-encephalitis. Ukuthinteka kuncike ekuphenduleni komzimba komuntu ngamunye kanye nohlobo lwegciwane ngokwalo.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi une-encephalitis eNirogi Lanka?

Uma ithimba lethu lezokwelapha lisola ukuthi i-encephalitis ibangelwa yisifo sofuba, lizokwenza izivivinyo eziningana zokuxilonga ukuqinisekisa lesi simo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukubona ubuchopho ngeso lengqondo.
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan)
• I-MRI (i-magnetic resonance imaging)

Lezi zithombe zisiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala, ukopha, noma ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo ebuchosheni.

• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqopha umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bakho. Kusisiza ukuthi sibone noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle noma ukungasebenzi kahle endleleni ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola ukuba khona kwamagciwane noma amagciwane egazini lakho. Kuphinde kuthole ama-antibodies —amaprotheni akhethekile umzimba wakho owakhiqizayo ukulwa nezifo.
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar (umpompi womgogodla): Phakathi nale nqubo, isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla) iyaqoqwa futhi ihlolwe izimpawu zokutheleleka. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lesabisa, sicela uqiniseke ukuthi ithimba lethu lezokwelapha likwenza lokhu ngokucophelela okukhulu futhi kuphela uma kudingeka ngokwezokwelapha.

Iphathwa kanjani i-encephalitis? nguNirogi Lanka

Iningi lezingane ezitholakale zine-Encephalitis kuzodingeka zilaliswe esibhedlela ukuze zelashwe . Kwezinye izimo, ukunakekelwa kunikezwa e- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) , lapho odokotela nabahlengikazi bezoqapha khona umfutho wegazi wengane yakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, kanye namazinga oketshezi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuvukala kobuchopho okuqhubekayo.

Imithi Esetshenzisiwe

Izinhlelo zokwelapha zenzelwe imbangela kanye nobukhulu besimo:

• Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Le mithi iyasebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezithile ze-Encephalitis, njengalezo ezibangelwa yigciwane le-herpes simplex.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa anikezwa ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala ebuchosheni.
• Imithi Yokulwa Nokuxhuzula: Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukulawula nokuvimba ukuxhuzula uma ingane yakho ihlangabezana nakho.
• Imithi ejwayelekile yokuqeda ubuhlungu: Imithi efana ne-acetaminophen ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha umkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Lokhu ngokuvamile kutholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
• Ama-antibiotic: Ngenxa yokuthi amacala amaningi e-Encephalitis abangelwa yigciwane, ama-antibiotic awavamile ukusebenza kahle. Anikezwa kuphela uma ukutheleleka kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kubangelwa amagciwane.

Ukubuyiselwa Kwempilo Nomphumela Wesikhathi Eside

Abantu abaningi balulama ngokugcwele kwi-Encephalitis. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungaholela ezinseleleni zesikhathi eside , okuhlanganisa:

• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa
• Izinkinga zokulawula imisipha

Kulezi zimo, izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokwelashwa ngenkulumo , ukwelashwa ngokomzimba , noma ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kunganikeza ukwesekwa okukhulu.

Inqubo yokululama izothatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngokuvamile, isigaba esibi kakhulu salesi sifo (lapho izimpawu zinzima kakhulu) sithatha cishe isonto. Kodwa-ke, ukululama okuphelele kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu —ngokuvamile amasonto noma izinyanga. Indlela yokululama yomuntu ngamunye ihlukile.

Ingabe i-Encephalitis ingavinjelwa?

Nakuba kungekho ndlela eyodwa yokuvimbela i-Encephalitis, ungazivikela ezifweni eziyisisekelo ezingase ziholele kuyo.

• Imithi Yokugoma: Ukugoma izingane kubalulekile. Sicela ulandele isimiso sokugoma esinconywe udokotela wakho wezingane ngokucophelela.
• Gwema ukuxhumana: Gwema ukuxhumana eduze nanoma ubani onesifo esithathelwanayo njengamanje (ikakhulukazi uma sibangelwa yigciwane).
• Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka: Ukukhuthaza ukugeza izandla njalo emndenini wakho wonke kuyindlela elula kodwa ephumelelayo yokuzivikela.

Ukuvikelwa Komiyane

Njengoba amagciwane athwalwa omiyane engabangela i-Encephalitis, ukuwagcina kude kubalulekile:

• Nciphisa imisebenzi yangaphandle ngesikhathi sokusa nokuhlwa, lapho omiyane bevame ukusebenza khona kakhulu.
• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela , njengemikhono emide namabhulukwe amade, uma ungaphandle.
• Sebenzisa isixosha izinambuzane .
• Susa amanzi amile azungeze ikhaya lakho ngamabhakede, amabhavu ezinyoni, amabhodwe ezitshalo, noma amathayi alahliwe, njengoba lezi ziyindawo yokuzalela omiyane.

Ukuphepha Kwezimpawu

Amakhizane angathwala nezifo eziholela ku-Encephalitis:

• Nciphisa isikhathi osichitha otshanini obude, ezindaweni ezinehlathi, noma emahlathini amakhulu .
• Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide nezingubo ezikhanyayo ukuze kube lula ukubona amakhizane.
• Hlola ukuthi izingane zakho nezilwane ezifuywayo azinawo yini amakhizane ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuba seziphumile.

Nini lapho kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo

Lesi yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu . Uma ingane yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ungalibali.

Uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane ophezulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ilulama noma ibhekene nokugula kwasebuntwaneni (njengesimungumungwane, ugonogono, noma i-chickenpox), sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Funa izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (shayela u-911) uma ingane yakho ikhombisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuquleka noma ukuxhuzula
• Intamo eqinile
• Ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni
• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Ubunzima bokuhamba
• Izinkinga zokukhuluma ezingacacile noma zokuzwa
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka engalweni noma emlenzeni
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa
• Izinguquko zobuntu ezisheshayo nezinkulu
• Izinkinga zememori
• Ukudinwa okukhulu noma ukozela
• Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo

Kuthiwani ngezinsana?

Uma usana lwakho noma ingane yakho encane ikhombisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, sicela ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha :

• Umkhuhlane ophakeme — ikakhulukazi, noma yiliphi izinga lokushisa elingu-38°C (100.4°F) noma ngaphezulu enganeni engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala.
• Indawo evuvukele noma ethambile egcwele (i-fontanelle) phezulu ekhanda labo.
• Ukuqina komzimba noma ukugoba okungavamile (i-hypotonia).
• Ukudinwa okukhulu, ubuthakathaka, noma ubunzima bokuvuka.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma ukwehla okukhulu kokudla.
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo.
• Ukukhala okungaduduzeki, okuqhubekayo.

Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, ungalindi. Sicela uthathe ingane yakho uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze ngokushesha. Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekululameni.

Izinto Zokugcina Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

Nakuba i-encephalitis iyisimo esibi kakhulu, ukwaziswa kukusiza ukuthi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha lapho kubaluleke kakhulu.

• Qaphela izimpawu: Qaphela ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile ezinganeni, njengobuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu, ukuxhuzula, intamo eqinile, noma izimo zengqondo ezishintshile. Ezinganeni ezincane, naka kakhulu ukucasuka, ukuvuvuka kwe-fontanelle, noma ukwenqaba ukudla.
• Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha: Uma unenkinga, sicela uxhumane nodokotela ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile.
• Hlala unolwazi ngemigomo: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola yonke imigomo enconyiwe kungayivikela kumagciwane amaningi abangela i-encephalitis.
• Zijwayeze ukuvimbela: Sebenzisa izinto ezixosha omiyane, gwema izindawo ezivame ukuba nezimpukane, futhi ugcine inhlanzeko yezandla.

KwaNirogi Lanka, sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukuthi ugcine abathandekayo bakho bephephile. Hlala uphilile!

Amagama angukhiye: I-Encephalitis, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, impilo yezingane, ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, impilo yezingane, ukuvimbela