Iyini i-MRSA (i-Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)? Ungesabi, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi `MRSA`, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngalo kudokotela, noma esibhedlela, noma ephephandabeni noma ku-inthanethi. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini ngempela i-`MRSA`, nokuthi kungani ithola ukunakwa okungaka. Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma nge-`MRSA`, emele i-`Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus`, ngesiSinhala, ongayiqonda kalula.

Okokuqala, ake sifunde kancane ngala magciwane 'e-Staph'.

Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume nge-'MRSA', sidinga ukwazi okuncane ngaleli gciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Staphylococcus aureus'. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwebhaktheriya. Siphinde silibize ngokuthi 'i-Staph' ngamafuphi. Ungamangali, leli gciwane lihlala ebusweni besikhumba sethu esiningi nangaphakathi kwamakhala ethu, alilimazi. Njengazo zonke ezinye izinto ezincane emizimbeni yethu. Ngisho noma zikhona, ngokuvamile azisibangeleli inkinga.

Kodwa-ke, leli gciwane elithi 'Staph' ngezinye izikhathi lingabangela izinkinga ezincane. Cabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ninomkrwelo omncane, ukusikeka, noma inxeba esikhumbeni senu. Ngaleso sikhathi, uma leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni ngesikhumba, kungenzeka izifo ezincane zesikhumba. Esikhathini esiningi, izifo ezincane ezinjalo zizophola zodwa uma inxeba ligcinwa lihlanzekile, liphathwa ngomuthi, futhi kufakwa iplasta. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, kungadingeka ukuthi liphathwe 'ngama-Antibiotic'.

Ngakho-ke iyini i-MRSA? Kungani ikhethekile?

Manje nansi into ebalulekile. I-'MRSA' yibhaktheriya efanayo ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Staphylococcus aureus' engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Kodwa lena ihlukile kancane kwamanye amabhaktheriya e-'Staph', futhi ingaba yingozi kakhulu.

Kungani kunjalo?

Kalula nje, i-'MRSA' yamabhaktheriya ayiphenduli kahle kuma-'Antibiotic' amaningi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ze-'Staph'. Okusho ukuthi, imithi ayisebenzi kula mabhaktheriya. Sibiza la mabhaktheriya ngokuthi 'amelana' namagciwane .

Cabanga ngale ndlela. Ngokuvamile, uma igciwane lingena emzimbeni wethu, uma sithatha 'i-antibiotic', umuthi uyahamba ubulale lawo magciwane. Kodwa-ke, amanye amagciwane ahlakaniphile kakhulu. Uma evezwa kula 'antibiotic' isikhathi eside, enza izinguquko ezincane ekwakhekeni kwawo kwezakhi zofuzo. Ngenxa yalezi zinguquko, 'i-antibiotic' ayikwazi ukuyibona, noma ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokumelene nayo. Yilapho-ke amagciwane eba 'amelana'.

I-Methicillin iyi-antibiotic enkulu ebilokhu isetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo ze-Staph. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi leli gciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-MRSA alimelani ne-Methicillin, linegama elide elithi Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lifinyeziwe ngokuthi i-MRSA (elibizwa ngokuthi "mer-sa").

Okubalulekile: I-MRSA akuyona isifo esisha noma igciwane elisha. Iwuhlobo lwebhaktheriya i-Staph elishintshile (liguqukile) ukuze limelane nemithi ethile.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-MRSA? Ukubona kanjani?

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-MRSA empeleni zifana kakhulu nezezinye izifo zesikhumba ezivamile. Ngakho-ke kunzima ukubona ngokushesha ukuthi yi-MRSA. Kodwa-ke, qaphela lezi zinto:

• Izindawo zesikhumba ezibomvu, ezivuvukile, nezibuhlungu: Lezi zingaqala njengebhamuza elincane bese kancane kancane ziba zinkulu.
• Amaqhubu noma amaqhubu: Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabonakala njengokulunywa umiyane noma iqhubu. Kodwa-ke, kungaba buhlungu kakhulu kuneqhubu elivamile futhi kungakhula ngokushesha.
• Ubomvu: Uketshezi olujiyile, oluphuzi olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-pus' lungaphuma endaweni ethelelekile. Siphinde sibize indawo egcwele ubomvu ngokuthi 'ithumba'.
• Umkhuhlane: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nomkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma ukutheleleka sekusakazeke kancane.
• Amanxeba angapholi: Ngokuvamile, inxeba elincane kufanele liphole ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kuyigciwane le-MRSA, inxeba lingathatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi lingase libe libi nakakhulu.

Lezi zifo zivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezivulekile zesikhumba, njengezilonda, imihuzuko, noma amanxeba, ngoba leyo yindlela elula yokuthi amagciwane angene emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka esikhumbeni esinempilo ngaphandle kwamanxeba abonakalayo .

Ake sibheke isibonelo esincane?

Cabanga ukuthi ingane yakho iwile ngenkathi idlala yaze yaklwebha idolo layo. Uyigezile wabe usuyigcoba umuthi. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, indawo ezungeze umklwebhu iba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ibuhlungu ukuyithinta. Kwakha i-blister encane, bese kuphuma ubomvu kuyo. Ingane nayo inomkhuhlane omncane. Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, kufanele uzibuze ukuthi ngabe yisilonda esivamile esipholayo, noma ukutheleleka okufana ne-'MRSA'. Esimweni esinjalo, kungcono kakhulu ukubona udokotela bese ucela iseluleko.

I-MRSA idluliselwa kanjani?

Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zokudlulisela ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA:

1. Ukuthintana ngqo: I-MRSA ingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana ngqo nenxeba noma indawo yesikhumba engcolile yibhaktheriya.

2. Ukuthintana nezindawo ezingcolisiwe:Amabhaktheriya e-MRSA angaphila ezindaweni ezifana namathawula, imibhede, izibambo zomnyango, amathoyizi, kanye nemishini yezemidlalo amahora amaningi, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinsuku. Ungangenwa yileli gciwane uma uthinta indawo engcolile kangaka bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo, noma amehlo, noma uma unenxeba elincane esikhumbeni sakho.

3. Izindawo ezigcwele abantu abasondelene: Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kusakazeke ezindaweni lapho abantu abaningi behlangene khona futhi beseduze, njengezibhedlela, izikole, izikhungo zokunakekela izingane, amakamelo okushintshela amaqembu ezemidlalo, kanye nezindawo zamasosha.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokutheleleka yi-MRSA?

Akekho othanda ukugula, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA kunabanye.

• Iziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela: Abantu abasezibhedlela, ikakhulukazi labo abake bahlinzwa, labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, kanye nalabo abanemigqa noma ama-catheter e-IV, basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA).
• Abasubathi: Labo abadlala imidlalo yokuxhumana eduze (isib. i-rugby, i-wrestling) basengozini ngenxa yemishini ehlanganyelwe, amathawula, kanye namakamelo okushintshela.
• Izingane ezifunda esikoleni kanye nezingane ezisezinkulisa: ngoba zidlala ndawonye, ​​ngoba zabelana ngezinto.
• Abantu abanezimo ezibuthakathaka zokuzivikela komzimba: Abantu abanezimo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS, abantu abathola ukwelashwa okufana ne-chemotherapy.
• Abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezingahlanzekile kahle.

Ukuba nalezi zici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba ne-MRSA. Kodwa kungcono ukuthi baqaphele kakhudlwana.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-MRSA? Izindlela zokuvimbela

Nakuba i-MRSA iyinto okufanele siyesabe, kunezinto eziningi ezilula esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kuyo.

• Geza izandla zakho njalo: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Geza izandla zakho ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ngaphambi nangemva kokuthinta inxeba, nangemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela ezindaweni zomphakathi. Uma insipho namanzi kungekho, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esisekelwe kotshwala.
• Ukugcina amanxeba ehlanzekile: Uma uthola ukuklwebheka okuncane noma ukusikeka, kugeze kahle ngensipho namanzi, ukuphaphe, bese ukumboza ngebhandishi elihlanzekile. Shintsha ibhandishi nsuku zonke, bese ulishintsha ngokushesha nje lapho selimanzi.
• Ungabelani ngezinto zakho siqu nabanye: Ungabelani ngamathawula akho, izinsingo, izingubo kanye nensipho nabanye.
• Ukugcina imishini yezemidlalo ihlanzekile: Uma udlala imidlalo, geza futhi ugcine imishini yakho kanye neyunifomu kuhlanzekile. Kungcono ukusula imishini yokuzivocavoca evame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenzisa.
• Uma kukhona ukutheleleka:Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sesikhumba, qaphela ukuthi ungasisabalalisi kwabanye. Gcina inxeba limboziwe. Bheka udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela uma usola ukuthi unegciwane le-MRSA?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyisifo sesikhumba esivamile, i-MRSA ayimelani nemithi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa okufanele ngokushesha.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela:

* Uma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba (ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu) kuba kubi kakhulu usuku nosuku.

* Uma ubomvu buvela enxebeni.

* Uma uthola umkhuhlane.

* Uma kukhona umugqa obomvu osakazeka endaweni ethelelekile (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokusabalala kokutheleleka).

* Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kunokulimala okuvamile.

Ungakhathazeki. Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ngabe yi-MRSA noma olunye ukutheleleka. Uma kudingeka, bangathatha isampula encane esilondeni bese beyithumela elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe ("ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri") ukuze bathole ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane akhona nokuthi imiphi imithi engcono kakhulu.

Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwe-MRSA?

Yebo, kunezindlela zokwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-MRSA. Nakuba ama-antibiotic avamile njenge-methicillin engasebenzi, kunezinye izinhlobo zama-antibiotic odokotela abazisebenzisayo ezingabulala i-MRSA.

• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukutheleleka kumane kuyithumba elincane, udokotela angenza ukusika okuncane bese ekhipha ubomvu ngaphakathi (i-drainage). Ezimweni eziningi, uma ubomvu sebukhishwe, ukutheleleka kungelapheka ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic.
• Kodwa uma ukutheleleka sekusabalele kancane, noma kukhulu, kuzodingeka nakanjani unikeze 'Ama-Antibiotic'. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha 'Ama-Antibiotic' anikezwe udokotela, ngesilinganiso esifanele, isikhathi esifanele. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ziphela. Uma wenza kanjalo, amagciwane asele angase abe namandla okumelana nawo.

Okokugcina, izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa igama elithi `MRSA`. Kodwa uma siqonda kahle ngalo, singazivikela kulo futhi, uma kudingeka, sifune ukwelashwa.

• I-MRSA iyinhlobonhlobo yebhaktheriya i-Staph esiye yamelana nama-antibiotic athile.
• Ukuhlanzeka kuyisivikelo esibaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ezilula njengokugeza izandla zakho njalo, ukumboza amanxeba, nokungabelani ngezinto zakho kungenza umehluko omkhulu.
• Uma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba kuba kubi kakhulu, uma kuphuma ubomvu, noma uma uba nomkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ungazinyangi.
• Kukhona ukwelashwa kwe-MRSA.Uma usebenzisa umuthi ochazwe udokotela ngqo, ungelapheka.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi la maqiniso mayelana ne-'MRSA' awusizo kuwe. Khumbula, ukuqwashisa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela. Ngikufisela impilo enhle wena nomndeni wakho!

I - MRSA, i-Staphylococcus aureus, ukutheleleka kwe-Staph, ukumelana namagciwane, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, i-Staphylococcus aureus engamelana ne-methicillin, ukutheleleka kwe-staph, ukumelana namagciwane, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba