Wake waphawula ukuthi uma uthola ukusikeka okuncane noma ukuklwebheka engalweni noma emlenzeni wakho, ukuphuma kwegazi kuyaphela ngemva kwesikhashana? Kuyindlela yokuzivikela emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "Ukugoqa Igazi". Le nqubo isebenza kahle, yingakho ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungabangeli ukuphuma kwegazi okuningi futhi kubangele ingozi enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo yokugoqa igazi ayisebenzi kahle. Kungaba kwenzeka kancane kunalokho okufanele, noma kwenzeka ngokushesha kunalokho okufanele. Yilapho odokotela kudingeka benze khona ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze bathole ngalokhu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okubaluleke kakhulu. Leso ukuhlolwa kwe-PTT.
Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-PTT?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-PTT, noma ukuhlolwa kwe -Partial Thromboplastin Time , ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okuthatha isampula yegazi lakho bese kulinganisa, ngemizuzwana, ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi lelo gazi lijiye.
Cabanga ngakho njengeqembu labapheki abanekhono abalungiselela ukudla. Ukuze wenze lokhu kudla kube kuhle, kufanele wengeze isithako ngasinye ngokulandelana okulungile nangenani elifanele. Kukhona iqembu "labapheki" enqubweni yethu yokujiya kwegazi. Kwezokwelapha, sizibiza ngokuthi "izici zokujiya kwegazi." Empeleni lezi zingamaprotheni akhethekile egazini lethu. Uma noma yiziphi zalezi zici zokujiya igazi zingekho, noma uma zingasebenzi kahle, yonke inqubo yokujiya kwegazi iyabambezeleka, njengoba nje ukudla kuyabambezeleka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PTT kuhlola ikakhulukazi ukuthi lezi zici zokujiya igazi zisebenza kahle futhi ngesivinini esifanele.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa lolu vivinyo olubizwa ngokuthi i-aPTT . Lumele i-activated Partial Thromboplastin Time . Akuhlukile kakhulu. Lubizwa kanjalo ngoba ilebhu inezela ikhemikhali ekhethekile kusampula yegazi lakho ukuze "isebenze" inqubo yokujiya kwegazi.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-PTT kuhlole iningi lezici zokujiya kwegazi ezisiza ekujiyeni kwegazi. Kodwa kunezinye izici eziningana lolu vivinyo olungazivivinyi. Kukhona olunye ukuhlolwa olubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-PT (ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-Prothrombin) ukuze luvivinywe. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi wenze zombili lezi zivivinyo. Ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile salo lonke inqubo.
Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho udokotela angakucela khona ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-PTT?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ungayalwa ukuba wenze lokhu kuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoncoma lokhu kuhlolwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
| Isizathu/Isenzakalo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okuvamile noma okukhulu | Uma izinsini zakho ziphuma igazi njalo, ikhala lakho liphuma igazi njalo, noma ngisho nesilonda esincane kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi. |
| Ukuphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile | Uma ngokuzumayo uvela amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (imivimbo) emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokushaya lutho. |
| Ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi | Uma kukhona ukusola ukuthi kuvele ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi emlenzeni noma kwenye indawo. |
| Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhono lakho lokujiya kwegazi livamile. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukopha okungadingekile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. |
| Lapho uthola ukwelashwa kwe-heparin | I-Heparin iyi-blood thinner. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umthamo onikezwe umuntu othatha lo muthi ulungile yini. Uma umthamo uphezulu kakhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi kungenzeka, futhi uma uphansi kakhulu, kungakha amahlule egazi. |
| Uma ukuphuphuma kwesisu kwenzeka njalo | Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuhlola izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, okungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu okuphindaphindiwe kwabanye besifazane. |
| Uma unesifo sesibindi | Izinto eziningi ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi zikhiqizwa yisibindi. Le nqubo ingaphazamiseka kumuntu onesifo sesibindi. |
Ingabe kudingeka ngilungiselele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa? Kwenzekani uma kudonswa igazi?
Ukulungiselela isivivinyo
Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo ukuze kuhlolwe i-PTT. Akudingeki uzile ukudla noma wenze noma yini enye. Kodwa ngizokunikeza iseluleko esincane. Phuza amanzi amaningi ngaphambi kokuthi uyonikela ngegazi. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula kumuntu othatha igazi ngoba imithambo yakho izogcwala futhi icace kakhudlwana ukuyibona. Futhi, uma ugqoka ihembe elinemikhono emifushane, ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngokuphakamisa izingalo zakho.
Indlela yokuthatha igazi
Lena inqubo elula kakhulu, njengoba nje uvame ukunikeza igazi.
1. Umhlengikazi noma isikhulu sezokwelapha sizokuhlalisa esihlalweni bese sikucela ukuthi ubambe ingalo yakho ngokukhululeka.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) lizungeze ingalo yakho engenhla bese liqiniswa kancane. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze imithambo yegazi ibonakale kakhudlwana.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho, kukhethwa umthambo ofanele eduze kwendololwane bese indawo ihlanzwa ngendwangu encane yekotini.
4. Okulandelayo, kufakwa inaliti encane kakhulu emthanjeni bese inani legazi elidingekayo liqoqwa lifakwe epayipini elikhethekile. Kuleli qophelo, uzozwa ukuhlaba okuncane nje, njengokulunywa yintuthwane .
5. Uma igazi likhishwa, ibhande lerabha eliboshwe engalweni liyasuswa, inaliti iyasuswa, ucezu lwekotini lubekwa endaweni bese kufakwa ingcindezi isikhashana. Bese kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni.
Yilokho kuphela! Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, ungenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, indawo lapho inaliti ifakwe khona ingase ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane (ibe nemihuzuko). Lokhu kuzophela ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngakho ungakhathazeki ngakho.
Uthini umbiko we-PTT? Ungawuchaza kanjani imiphumela?
Imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-PTT itholakala ngemizuzwana . Okusho ukuthi, isikhathi esithathayo ukuze igazi lakho lijiye.
Ibanga elijwayelekile lomuntu ophilile liphakathi kwemizuzwana engama-25 nengama-35 . Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqaphele: Leli banga elijwayelekile lingahluka kancane kusuka kwelinye ilabhorethri kuya kwelinye . Ngakho qhathanisa inani lakho nebanga elijwayelekile abakunikeza lona embikweni wakho.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-PTT ephezulu isho ukuthini?
Uma i-PTT yakho iphakeme kunezinga elijwayelekile (isib. imizuzwana engama-40 noma engama-50), kusho ukuthi igazi lakho lithatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukuthi lijiye. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezizathu eziningana.
| Isizathu esingaba khona | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwanda komthamo we-Heparin | Uma uthatha i-heparin, umuthi wokunciphisa igazi, inani eliphakeme le-PTT lisho ukuthi umthamo ungase ube phezulu kunokudingekile. |
| Izimo zofuzo | Ezimweni zokuzalwa ezifana nesifo se -hemophilia noma i-von Willebrand , kukhona ukuntuleka kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi. |
| Isifo Sesibindi | Izifo zesibindi ezifana ne-cirrhosis zinganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi futhi zandise inani le-PTT. |
| Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin K | I-Vitamin K iyi-vithamini ebalulekile enqubweni yokujiya kwegazi. Uma i-vitamin K ingekho emzimbeni, ukujiya kwegazi kuyabambezeleka. |
| Isifo Sokuzivikela Emzimbeni | Ngezinye izikhathi amasosha omzimba ngokwawo asebenza ngokumelene nezici zokujiya kwegazi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inani le-PTT nalo liyakhuphuka. |
| I-Leukemia | Ezinye izinhlobo ze-leukemia (umdlavuza wegazi) zingathinta nenqubo yokujiya kwegazi. |
Khumbula, ungesabi uma ubona i-PTT ephezulu. Lokhu akusikho ukuxilongwa, kumane kuyinkomba ebalulekile kudokotela wakho. Uzocela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma ungabaza ngemiphumela?
Ngemva kokuthola umbiko ovela elabhorethri, uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nenani elikuwo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlangana nodokotela wakho oku-ode lokhu kuhlolwa bese nixoxa ngakho .
- Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, eminye imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nemiphumela yalolu vivinyo lwe-PTT bese enquma ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze ngokulandelayo.
- Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile.
- Uma uthatha i-heparin, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ushintshe umthamo womuthi.
Ungalokothi usekele isinqumo sakho kulokho okubonayo ku-inthanethi noma kulokho abanye abakushoyo. Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-PTT ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu okukala ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi igazi lakho lijiye.
- Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile (njengokuzila ukudla) okudingekayo ukuze ubhale lolu vivinyo.
- Umphumela we-PTT ongaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile ungase ube uphawu lwenkinga yezempilo eyisisekelo. Akusikho ukuxilongwa.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela wakho uyini, ungesabi ngakho, kodwa xoxa ngakho njalo nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuqonda okucacile futhi wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ngokulandelayo.
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