Ingabe nawe wesaba i-pneumonia? Ake sifunde kabanzi ngalokhu kutheleleka kwamaphaphu!

Uke waba nokuminyana esifubeni , ukukhwehlela, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya izinsuku eziningi? Ingabe umzimba wakho uzizwa ubuthakathaka? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuwumkhuhlane nje, kodwa mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinto engathi sína kakhulu, njenge -pneumonia . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sifo abantu abaningi abasesabe kodwa abangasazi ngempela, kalula nangokucacile, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane oseduze.

Iyini ngempela i-pneumonia?

Kalula nje, i-pneumonia iwukutheleleka kwamaphaphu. Cabanga ngamaphaphu akho njengesiponji. Uma uphefumula, lesi siponji sigcwala umoya. Uma kwenzeka i-pneumonia, amasaka amancane omoya (i-alveoli) emaphashini kanye namapayipi amancane (ama-bronchioles) axhumeka kuwo agcwala ubomvu noma uketshezi ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane . Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngamaphaphu ukuthola umoya-mpilo owanele.

Noma ubani angayithola, kodwa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kanye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 basengozini enkulu ngoba amasosha omzimba wabo angase abe buthaka. Abantu ababhema futhi baphuze kakhulu nabo banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-pneumonia.

I-pneumonia ingavela ephashini elilodwa noma kuwo womabili amaphaphu. Uma kwenzeka kuwo womabili amaphaphu, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuthi 'i-pneumonia ephindwe kabili'. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuba nesimo se-pneumonia esenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezinkulu, ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hambang Pneumonia'.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-pneumonia?

I-pneumonia ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi igciwane eliyibangela. Ake sibheke lolu lwazi kuthebula.

Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-pneumonia zivame ukuqala ukubonakala kancane kancane ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi.

• Ukukhwehlela: Ngokuvamile ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni uma uphefumula noma ukhwehlela: Kungazwakala sengathi ummese uyakugwaza.
• Umkhuhlane, ukujuluka , kanye nokubanda.
• Ukukhathala nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha.
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma uhudo.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Izindebe noma izinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: (Lokhu kungase kungabonakali kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama).

Izici ezikhethekile zasebekhulile nezingane ezincane

Uma umuntu osekhulile eba ne-pneumonia, angase adideke ngendlela engavamile futhi adideke . Angase abe nokushisa komzimba okuphansi, ngaphandle komkhuhlane ojwayelekile.

Izinsana ezincane zingase zingabonisi izimpawu ezinkulu uma zithola i-pneumonia. Kodwa kufanele ukhathazeke uma zingasebenzi kahle njengokujwayelekile, zihlala zikhathele noma zingaphumuli , zenqaba ukuphuza ubisi, zihlanza, zinomkhuhlane, noma zinobunzima bokuphefumula.

Izimbangela ze-pneumonia kanye nezindlela zokudlulisela

I-pneumonia yenzeka lapho igciwane elinamandla kakhulu ukuba amasosha omzimba wethu angalilawula lingena emaphashini.

• Amagciwane: Kungabangelwa amagciwane afana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane ovamile, i-RSV (imbangela ehamba phambili ye-pneumonia ezinganeni), kanye ne-SARS-CoV-2, ebangela i-COVID-19.
• Amabhaktheriya: Ibhaktheriya i-Pneumococcus iyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-pneumonia yamabhaktheriya.
• I-pneumonia yokuphefumula: Lokhu kuhlukile kancane. Lesi simo singase senzeke uma into ethile, njengokudla, isiphuzo, amathe, noma ukuhlanza, ingena ngengozi endleleni yokuphefumula futhi ingene emaphashini. Abantu abanenkinga yokusebenza komphimbo ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma utshwala ngokweqile basengozini enkulu.

Ingabe i-pneumonia iyathelelana?

Yebo, i-pneumonia yamagciwane kanye negciwane ingasakazeka. Abantu bangasakaza lesi sifo ngokuphefumula amaconsi amagciwane akhishwa emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhuluma, ekhwehlela, noma ethimula. Abantu bangasakaza lesi sifo ngokuthinta indawo engcolile bese bethinta umlomo noma impumulo yabo.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, imikhuba yakho, njengokuthi uyabhema yini, nokuthi bakhona yini abanye abantu abagulayo ekhaya noma emsebenzini. Ngemuva kwalokho uzolalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope. Uma une-pneumonia, ungase uzwe imisindo engavamile (ukuqhuma, ukubhodla) iphuma ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho uma uphefumula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukubona ngqo ukuthi ukutheleleka kukuphi nokuthi kusakazeke kangakanani.
• I-Pulse Oximetry: Idivayisi ebukeka njenge-clip ibekwa emunweni bese ilinganisa izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwehlela: Ukuthola igciwane elibangele ukutheleleka.

Uma isimo sibi kakhulu noma unezinye izifo, kungadingeka futhi ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezikhethekile, njenge-CT scan.

Kuphathwa kanjani? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yiliphi igciwane elibangele i-pneumonia yakho, ukuthi imbi kangakanani, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Nge-pneumonia yamagciwane: Udokotela uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe, isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ungayeki ukuwuthatha ngoba nje uzizwa ungcono kancane.
• Nge-pneumonia ebangelwa yigciwane: Ama-antibiotic awasebenzi. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuphumula ngokwanele, uphuze uketshezi oluningi (amanzi, isobho, iphalishi) , bese uthatha umuthi womkhuhlane.
• Nge-pneumonia yesikhunta: Kunikezwa imithi yokulwa nesikhunta.

Uma izimpawu zakho zinkulu, unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, noma usengozini yezinkinga, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukulalisa esibhedlela. Esibhedlela, ungase unikezwe imithi yokwelapha (IV), usawoti, kanye nomoya-mpilo.

Kungathatha isonto kuya enyangeni noma ngaphezulu ukululama. Ukukhathala ngokomzimba kuzohlala cishe inyanga. Ngakho ungasheshi, phumula ngokwanele. Buza udokotela wakho ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile.

Ungakugwema kanjani i-pneumonia?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela i-pneumonia ngaphambi kokuba iqale kunokuhlushwa yiyo.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo. Uma ugula, zama ukungasabalalisi kwabanye.
• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele futhi ugweme ukuba seduze nabantu ababhemayo.
• Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njenge-asthma noma isifo sikashukela, thatha ukwelashwa okufanele.
• Goma: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuthola imijovo ye-pneumonia kanye ne-influenza kunikeza isivikelo esihle. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese uthola imijovo efanele wena noma ingane yakho.
• Gcina amasosha omzimba wakho eqinile ngokuzivocavoca kahle, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokulala kahle.