Wake wazizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho yeqa ngokuzumayo, noma ngokuzumayo wazizwa sengathi ishaya esifubeni sakho? Ngezinye izikhathi kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzizwa into efana nale. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi simo esivamile abantu abaningi ababhekana naso, okungukuthi i-Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs).
Yiziphi lezi ziNciphiso ze-Atrial zangaphambi kwesikhathi (ama-PAC)?
Ukuze sikuqonde kalula lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani. Cabanga ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iyinjini encane, kodwa enamandla kakhulu. Ukuze le njini isebenze kahle, idinga ukuthola izimpawu zikagesi ngendlela ehlelekile. Emakamelweni amabili aphezulu enhliziyo yethu (esiwabiza ngokuthi "i-Atria" ngokwezokwelapha), ohlangothini lwesokudla, ekhoneni eliphezulu, kunendawo encane ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Sinus node". Yilokhu okusebenza njenge-'pacemaker' yemvelo yenhliziyo. Okusho ukuthi, ithumela izimpawu zikagesi ngendlela ehlelekile enquma isigqi kanye nesivinini okufanele inhliziyo ishaye ngaso.
Manje, ama-Premature Atrial Contractions (ama-PAC) ayisiphazamiso esincane kule nqubo evamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, isignali kagesi ithunyelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi isuka kwenye indawo ekamelweni eliphezulu lenhliziyo, hhayi kusuka ku-"Sinus node". Igama elithi "premature" lisho "premature." Ngakho-ke ngenxa yalesi signali ngaphambi kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ishaya kanye ngaphambi kwesikhathi sayo esivamile.
Cabanga nje, okwenzekayo lapha kufana nomuntu odlala isigubhu ngenkathi eshaya ngesigqi esifanayo, kodwa ngokuzumayo asishaye kanye ngaphandle kwesigqi.
Uma inhliziyo ishaya kusenesikhathi, ingalahlekelwa yigazi eliningi kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukupompa inhliziyo ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke lokho kushaya kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuvame ukuba buthakathaka. Bese, inhliziyo ithatha ikhefu elifushane imizuzwana embalwa bese ishaya ngokujwayelekile ukuze ishaye okulandelayo. Kodwa ngenxa yalokho kuphumula okufushane, inhliziyo igcwala igazi elincane uma kwenzeka ukushaya okulandelayo. Ngakho lokho kushaya kuzwakala kunzima kancane kunokujwayelekile. Lokho kushaya okunzima yilokho esikuzwa sengathi "siphuthelwe ukushaya" noma "njengokushaya esifubeni."
Kalula nje, i-PAC iyisifo sokushaya kwenhliziyo esingaphambi kwesikhathi esingeziwe esivela emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo. Singenzeka kubantu banoma yibuphi ubudala futhi ngokuvamile asinangozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu zomuntu one-PAC?
Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo izimpawu noma ngabe bane-PAC. Kodwa-ke, uma benazo, zingase zibukeke kanje. Ake sibheke lokhu ngendlela eyenza kucace.
| Isibonakaliso | Indlela okuzwakala ngayo |
|---|---|
| Isigqi esidluliwe | Umuzwa sengathi inhliziyo iyeke ukushaya okwesikhashana. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuphumula okufushane okwenzeka ngemva kokushaya kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okushaya ngamandla (Ukushaya ngamandla/Ukushaya ngamandla) | Umuzwa onzima nongazelelwe esifubeni. Lokhu kubangelwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okunamandla okuza ngemva kwalokho kuphumula. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Umuzwa wokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Kwabanye, lokhu kungase kuzwakale 'njengokushaya' esifubeni. |
| Ezinye izici | Abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima obuncane bokuphefumula noma ukukhathazeka. |
| Ukungabikho kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu | Abantu abaningi bane-PAC futhi bangase bangazi nokuthi banazo. Ngezinye izikhathi zitholakala ngengozi lapho kwenziwa i-ECG ngesinye isizathu. |
Kungani sinala ma-PAC? Yiziphi izizathu?
Ezimweni eziningi, asikho isizathu esithile se-PACs. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana ezivamile ezingaba nomthelela kulesi simo. Ezinye zazo yilezi:
- Izici Zendlela Yokuphila:
- Ukweqisa i-caffeine: Ukuphuza kakhulu izinto ezifana nekhofi, itiye, kanye neziphuzo ezibandayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi: Izinto ezifana nogwayi neziphuzo.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, ingcindezi.
- Ukukhathala kanye nokungalali kahle: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungalali ngokwanele.
- Izizathu zezokwelapha:
- Ukungalingani kwamaminerali emzimbeni:Ukwehla noma ukwanda kwamazinga e-electrolyte, njenge-potassium noma i-magnesium, egazini.
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo eziphathelene nokwakheka: Izimo ezinjengokuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni (i-Coronary Artery Disease) noma ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy).
- Ukulimala kwenhliziyo: Ngenxa yesizathu esinjengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini.
- Izinkinga ze-thyroid: Ushintsho emazingeni e-hormone ye-thyroid.
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi enikezwa isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sengqondo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okungekho emthethweni.
Uma une-PACs njalo, udokotela wakho uzozama ukufuna lezi zimbangela.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?
Nakuba ama-PAC engenzeka kunoma ubani, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuwathola kaningi.
- Abantu abade
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe
- Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo
- Abantu abangasebenzi ngokomzimba (labo abangazivocavoci)
- Abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme (ikakhulukazi ingcindezi ye-systolic)
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela
- Abantu abanamazinga aphansi e-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL cholesterol)
- Abantu abanesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuvimbela amaphaphu (COPD)
- Abantu abangaphuzi amanzi anele
- Abantu ababhemayo
- Abantu abadla i-caffeine noma izinto ezivuselelayo ngokweqile
- Abantu abangalali ngokwanele futhi abacindezelekile kakhulu
Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngama-PAC?
Ama-PAC ngokuvamile awayona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu eba nama-PAC njalo , kungaba uphawu lwenkinga enkulu yesigqi senhliziyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Atrial Fibrillation (Afib)' esikhathini esizayo.
Igama elithi "Okuvamile" alinancazelo ethile. Ngokusho kwezinye izifundo, ama-PAC angaphezu kuka-500 emahoreni angu-24 abhekwa "njengokuvamile".
I-Atrial Fibrillation (i-Afib) yisimo lapho amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo eshaya khona ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngokungajwayelekile ngaphandle kokulawula. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njenge-stroke. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela uma ubhekene ne-PACs eziningi.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma ungenazo i-PAC uma uya kudokotela, angase angakwazi ukuzibona nge-stethoscope. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlolwa.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kwenzani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kakhulu okuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Uma kuqoshwa i-PAC ngaleso sikhathi, ukuxilongwa kungenziwa. |
| Isiqaphi senhliziyo sesikhashana | Lokhu kungaba 'i-Holter monitor'. Kuzodingeka ugqoke le divayisi encane usuku, amasonto amabili noma amabili. Ngesikhathi uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, izoqopha njalo isigqi senhliziyo yakho. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-Echocardiogram | Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kuyasiza ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo senhliziyo, njengama-valve nemisipha. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Hlola amazinga e-electrolyte (i-potassium, i-magnesium) kanye ne-thyroid hormone egazini. |
Aphathwa kanjani ama-PAC?
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu: Esikhathini esiningi, ama-PAC awadingi ukwelashwa. Avame ukuphela ngokwawo.
Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zakho zinzima kakhulu, noma uma ama-PAC evele njalo, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuwelapha.
- Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila: Lena yinto yokuqala okufanele uyizame. Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo ngokunciphisa i-caffeine notshwala, ukuyeka ukubhema, ukulala ngokwanele, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka.
- Imithi:
- Ama-Beta-blocker: Lolu hlobo lomuthi luwukhetho lokuqala. Lunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye namandla okufinyela kwayo, lulawula izimpawu.
- Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo: Imithi ekhethekile elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Le mithi ivame ukunikezwa kuphela uma ama-beta-blocker engakwazi ukuyilawula.
- Ukususwa kwe-catheter:Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Kulokhu, kufakwa ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) enhliziyweni nge-groin noma ingalo, bese ingxenye encane kakhulu yenhliziyo ekhipha izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile iyabhujiswa.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
Yebo. Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Ama-Beta-blocker angabangela ukukhathala kanye nesiyezi. Imithi yokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa inemiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kufanele ithathwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze ngudokotela wakho. Nakuba ukususwa kwe-catheter ngokuvamile kuyindlela enobungozi obuphansi, kunezingozi ezincane kakhulu, njengokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nokopha.
Yini engingayenza ukulawula ama-PAC nokunciphisa ubungozi?
Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze unciphise futhi ulawule ama-PAC akho.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo .
- Nciphisa iziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi, itiye, kanye noshokoledi.
- Nciphisa noma uyeke ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala.
- Uma ubhema, yeka.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi. Gwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Lala ngokwanele nsuku zonke.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla zingasiza.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Ngokuvamile, ama-PAC awadingi ukukhathazeka ngawo uma evele ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinjengalezi, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wakho.
- Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu.
- Uma imvamisa yama-PAC ikhula.
- Uma lezi zimpawu zihambisana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, isiyezi, noma ukuquleka, kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo futhi uthola ama-PAC.
Eminye imibuzo ongase ube nayo
Ingabe ama-PAC kanye ne-Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) yinto efanayo?
Cha. Lezi yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Ama-PAC ayinhliziyo eyodwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-Afib yisimo esibi lapho amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo eshaya khona ngesigqi esingajwayelekile nesisheshayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nama-PAC avamile kungandisa ingozi yokuthola i-Afib.
Ingabe kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo uma ama-PAC ekhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ngokuvamile akunjalo. Kuvamile ukuthi ama-PAC avele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yezinguquko kuma-hormone kanye nomthamo wegazi. Esikhathini esiningi, ayaphela ngokwawo futhi awadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazekile ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-PAC nama-PVC (Premature Ventricular Contractions)?
Umehluko ulapho isignali kagesi engakafiki isikhathi iqala khona. Ama-PAC aqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-Atria) . Ama-PVC aqala emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo (ama-Ventricles) . Izimpawu zazo zombili zingafana.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuncishiswa Kwe-Atrial Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi (ama-PAC) kuyisimo esivame kakhulu, ngokuvamile esingenangozi.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko izinto ezifana nokweqa isigqi nokuzwa isifuba siqinile.
- Izici zendlela yokuphila ezifana ne-caffeine, utshwala, ukubhema, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokuntuleka kokulala zingathinta lokhu.
- Abantu abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa. Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kukodwa kunikeza impumuzo.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zenzeka njalo, ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma zihambisana nezinye izimpawu, njengobuhlungu besifuba, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
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