Uma ungumama okhulelwe, elinye lamathemba amakhulu enhliziyweni yakho ukuletha umntwana ophilile, okhule ngokugcwele kuleli zwe ngosuku lokuzalwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izinto azihambi njengoba sicabanga. Ezinye izingane zizalwa kusenesikhathi, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuzalwa kusenesikhathi' noma Ukuzalwa Kusenesikhathi . Kuvamile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa la mazwi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho konke ngokucacile, kalula, nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini Ukuzalwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi?
Kalula nje, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kusho ukuthi umntwana uzalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa, okungaphambi kwesonto lama-37 lokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa okunempilo kuvame ukuthatha cishe amasonto angama-40. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, zonke izitho zomntwana zisuke sezikhule ngokugcwele futhi zilungele ukungena ezweni langaphandle.
Cabanga ngokuthi amasonto ambalwa okugcina okukhulelwa ayigugu kangakanani enganeni yakho. Yilapho izitho ezibalulekile zomntwana, njengobuchopho, amaphaphu, nesibindi, zikhula khona ekugcineni. Ngakho-ke lapho umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lezo zitho zingase zingakhuli ngokugcwele, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezincane zempilo. Isibonelo, kungaba nzima ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba noma kube nobunzima bokuncela nokuphuza ubisi.
Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi ngobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi zinethuba elikhulu kakhulu lokunqoba izinselele zalezo zinsuku zokuqala nokukhula njengezingane ezinempilo uma zinikezwa ukwelashwa okukhethekile ezikudingayo. Ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.
Ingabe kunezigaba ezahlukene zokuvuthwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Yebo, sihlukanisa lokhu ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe enanini lamasonto umntwana azalwa ngawo. Ingane ezalwa emavikini angu-39 noma kamuva ibhekwa njengengane 'eyazalwa ngesikhathi esigcwele'. Izingane ezizalwa kule minyaka ngokuvamile azivamile ukuba nezinkinga. Ingane ezalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-preterm.
Ukuze uqonde kahle amazinga, bheka leli thebula .
| Izinga Lokuvuthwa Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi | Amasonto Okukhulelwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufika ngaphambi kwesikhathi sekwephuzile | Phakathi kwamasonto angu-34 no-36 | Iningi lezingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi liwela kulesi sigaba. Ingozi iphansi kakhulu. |
| Kungaphambi kwesikhathi okulinganiselwe | Phakathi kwamasonto angu-32 kuya kwangu-34 | Lo mntwana angadinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha. |
| Kungaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu | Ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-32 | Lo mntwana udinga ukwelashwa eyunithi yokunakekelwa okujulile kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa (i-NICU). |
| Kungaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu | Ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-25 | Leli izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lobungozi. Ukusinda kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphambili kakhulu. |
Ngokuvamile, ingozi yezinkinga zempilo incike ekutheni umntwana uzalwa nini . Uma umntwana esesibelethweni isikhathi eside, ingozi iyancipha.
Kungani ezinye izingane zizalwa kusenesikhathi kangaka? Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko?
Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kungabi nasizathu esicacile sokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kungase kwenzeke ngokuzumayo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yesizathu esithile sezokwelapha, kungaba kumama noma kumntwana, odokotela kufanele babelethe umntwana kusenesikhathi. Futhi, kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezingabangela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Izimo zezokwelapha ezingamahlalakhona kumama: Uma unezimo ezikhona kakade njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo senhliziyo, lokhu kungaba yimbangela yengozi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uphathe lezi zimo kahle phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Izinkinga ze-placenta: Izimo ezinjengokuqhekeka kwe-placenta noma i-placenta previa zingabangela ukopha nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- I-Preeclampsia: Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
- Ukuba nokuzalana okuningi: Uma ukhulelwe amawele noma amawele amathathu (okuphindaphindwayo), isibeletho sizwa ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe, okwandisa amathuba okuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Izinkinga ngesibeletho noma umlomo wesibeletho: Izinto ezifana nokukhubazeka esimweni sesibeletho noma umlomo wesibeletho obuthakathaka zingathinta lokhu.
- Ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Ukutheleleka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma okunye ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ubuhlungu bokubeletha kwasekuqaleni.
- Imikhuba yokuphila engemihle: Ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala, noma ukusebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuthinta ngqo ingane kanye nokubeletha.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona empilweni yomntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Ingane ezelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ayikabi nesikhathi esanele sokukhula ngokugcwele ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sikanina. Ngenxa yalokho, ezinye izitho zomzimba nezinhlelo zomzimba kungenzeka zingakakulungeli ukuhlala ezweni langaphandle. Yingakho lezi zingane zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha. Lezi zingane zinakekelwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa (i-NICU) .
Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ekuzalweni
- I-anemia: Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi anempilo emzimbeni.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Ukuphumula okufushane ekuphefumuleni.
- Ukukhula kwamaphaphu okungaphelele: Lokhu kungabangela isifo sokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
- Ukopha ngaphakathi kwe-ventricular: Ukopha ku-ventricles yobuchopho.
- I-jaundice esanda kuzalwa: Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin egazini.
- I-necrotizing enterocolitis: Ukulimala kwezicubu zamathumbu.
- I-Neonatal sepsis: Ukutheleleka kwegazi okusabalala emzimbeni wonke.
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo (i-Patent ductus arteriosus - PDA): Isimo esingavamile esithinta umthambo wegazi enhliziyweni.
- I-Retinopathy yokungavuthwa kahle: Ukwehluleka kwemithambo yegazi ku-retina ukukhula kahle.
Imiphumela engaba khona yesikhathi eside
Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi zingase zibhekane nezinselele ezithile zokukhula njengoba zikhula.
- Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
- Izinkinga zokuzwa nokubona
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
- Ubuthakathaka bokukhula komzimba
- Izinkinga ngokuxhumana noma ubudlelwano bezenhlalo
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa lezi zinto. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke lezi zinto ezenzeka kuwo wonke umntwana. Ngokubona lezi zingozi kusenesikhathi nokuhlinzeka ngokwelashwa nokwelashwa okudingekayo, le miphumela ingancishiswa kakhulu.
Lesi simo simthinta kanjani umama ngokwengqondo?
Ukuthola umntwana ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungaba yinto ecindezelayo emndenini wonke, ikakhulukazi umama. Izinto ezingahambi ngendlela obekulindelekile, ukukhathazeka ngempilo yomntwana, kanye nokushiya umntwana e-NICU bese ebuya ekhaya konke kungabangela umama ukuba abe nale mizwa:
- Ukukhathazeka
- Ukucindezeleka Kwangemva Kokubeletha
- Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
- Izinkinga zokusondelana nomntwana
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ngalezi zinhlobo zemizwa. Akudingeki ubhekane nalezi zinto wedwa. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngalokhu nodokotela wakho, umndeni wakho, kanye nomyeni wakho. Ungacela usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uma kudingeka.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukuthi umntwana azalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukunciphisa ingozi.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Gwema ngokuphelele ukubhema, utshwala, nezinye izidakamizwa phakathi nokukhulelwa.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
- Yiya emitholampilo kusenesikhathi: Bhalisela ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngokushesha nje lapho uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe bese uya emihlanganweni yakho ehleliwe. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone noma yiziphi izinto eziyingozi kusenesikhathi futhi akunikeze iseluleko esidingekayo.
- Lawula izifo ezikhona: Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Yenza izinto ezikwenza ujabule, futhi uzame ukuhlala ukhululekile.
- Beka izingane zakho endaweni eyodwa: Uma kungenzeka, ukubeka izingane zakho endaweni eyodwa okungenani izinyanga ezingu-18 kusiza ekunciphiseni ingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzibheke lapho ubona udokotela?
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kungaba uphawu lokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU).
- Ukuphuma koketshezi olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (njengamanzi) noma ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu (ukuquleka noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu). Lokhu kungase kuhambisane noma kungapheleli nohudo.
- Ubuhlungu obungapheli emhlane ongezansi.
- Umuzwa wokucindezeleka esiswini esingezansi noma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
- "Amanzi akho ayaphuka."
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangakunikeza imithi yokumisa noma yokulibazisa ukubeletha isikhashana. Lokhu kukunika isikhathi sokunikeza ingane yakho ama-steroid adingayo ukuze ithuthukise amaphaphu ayo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufika esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuzalwa komntwana ngaphambi kokuphela kwamasonto angu-37 okukhulelwa.
- Le ngozi ingancishiswa kakhulu ngokuthola ukunakekelwa okuhle kwangaphambi kokubeletha nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Nakuba umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi edinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha, ngezokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe zanamuhla, iningi lezingane likhula liphilile futhi lijabule.
- Uma unenkinga noma ukwesaba ngokukhulelwa kwakho noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
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