Ake sifunde ngokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Ingabe lokhu kungakuthinta nawe?

Wake wezwa ngebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Pseudomonas'? Mhlawumbe akunjalo, akunjalo? Kodwa uhlobo lwamabhaktheriya angaphila endaweni esikuyo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi, emanzini, nasenhlabathini. Ngezinye izikhathi angaphila ngisho nasesikhumbeni sethu, kodwa ngaphandle kokubangela ukutheleleka. Namuhla sikhuluma nge-'Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa)', uhlobo oluyinhloko olubangela ukutheleleka kubantu. Nakuba lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.

Iyini le gciwane le-Pseudomonas?

Kalula nje, ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas ukutheleleka okubangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi i-Pseudomonas. Kulawa, i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) uhlobo lokutheleleka oluvame kakhulu kubantu. Leli gciwane litholakala endaweni ezungezile, ikakhulukazi emanzini, ezitshalweni nasenhlabathini. Lingatholakala nasezindaweni ezimanzi njengezindlu zangasese kanye nezinki. Ngezinye izikhathi, leli gciwane lingaphila esikhumbeni sakho, kodwa ngaphandle kokubangela noma yikuphi ukutheleleka. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi ukoloni lwamagciwane.

Kodwa-ke, uma uthola ukutheleleka nge-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, kungaba nzima kancane ukwelapha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi leli gciwane selishintshe ukuze lizivumelanise nokwelashwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanye ama-antibiotic avame ukunikezwa ngalezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka angase angasebenzi kuleli gciwane. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukumelana nama-antibiotic.

Kuyingozi kangakanani ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Kuncike kakhulu empilweni yakho. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu onesimiso somzimba esinempilo athole isifo se-Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Kodwa-ke, uma isimiso sakho somzimba sibuthakathaka (singenawo amasosha omzimba aqinile), lokhu kungaba ukutheleleka okubi kakhulu, okungenzeka kube yingozi empilweni.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezivamile zokuthi kungani amasosha omzimba engase abe buthaka:

• Izimo zokuzivikela komzimba - isibonelo, i-lupus noma i-rheumatoid arthritis.
• 'Umdlavuza'.
• I-cystic fibrosis.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• `I-HIV` kanye `ne-AIDS`.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Isifo sesibindi.
• Ukufakelwa kwezitho zomzimba - isibonelo, ukufakelwa inhliziyo noma ukufakelwa amaphaphu.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukusha okukhulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa.

Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, okwenza kube lula ngamabhaktheriya afana ne-Pseudomonas ukuhlasela.

Ingabe i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa uhlobo lwe-sepsis?

Cha, i-`Pseudomonas aeruginosa` akuyona uhlobo lwe-`sepsis`. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwe-`Pseudomonas aeruginosa` kungabangela i-`sepsis`.

I-Sepsis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yilapho amasosha omzimba wakho eyeka ukulwa nokutheleleka bese eqala ukuhlasela izicubu nezitho zakho ezinempilo. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-bacterium P. aeruginosa iyimbangela ehamba phambili ye-sepsis kubantu abashiswe kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Ibhaktheriya i-'Pseudomonas aeruginosa' ingabangela izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukutheleleka ngegazi (i-septicemia) - Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe - Lokhu kungabangela ukutheleleka kwendlebe, ikakhulukazi indlebe yokubhukuda.
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo - Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abasebenzisa ama-contact lens angahlanzwanga kahle.
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia) - Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu kubantu abalaliswe esibhedlela futhi abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba (i-cellulitis) - Lokhu kungenzeka ngamanxeba nokusha.
• Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs) - Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-catheter.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa kungabangela nokutheleleka endleleni yakho yokugaya ukudla (GI). Lokhu kufaka phakathi umlomo wakho, umphimbo, isisu, amathumbu amancane, amathumbu amakhulu, kanye ne-rectum.

Zivame kangakanani izifo ze-Pseudomonas?

Ukutheleleka nge-Pseudomonas kuvame kakhulu. Ngo-2017, ucwaningo lulinganisela ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-32,000 batheleleke nge-P. aeruginosa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kutheleleka kwenzeka kubantu abanezimo zempilo eziyisisekelo.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Izimpawu zincike ekutheni ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kuthinteke kuphi emzimbeni wakho. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziqondene nendawo ngayinye.

Uma kukhona ukutheleleka egazini:

• Ukugodola.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (ukukhathala).
• Imfiva.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (hypotension).
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.

Uma unesifo sendlebe:

• Ubuhlungu bendlebe.
• Ukuphuma koketshezi endlebeni.
• Izindlebe ezilumayo.
• Ukuvuvukala kwendlebe.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.

Uma unesifo somgudu wesisu (GI):

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Uhudo.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Uma unesifo samehlo:

• Ukuvuvukala.
• Ubuhlungu.
• Ubomvu.
• Amehlo abomvu.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo -Lesi isibonakaliso esiyingozi kakhulu, udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha.

Uma kukhona ukutheleleka emaphashini:

• Ukugodola.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Imfiva.

Uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwesikhumba:

• Amaqhubu ashintshe umbala (obomvu, onsundu, noma onsomi).
• Isilonda esinephunga elibi futhi esikhipha uketshezi olucacile noma olupinki.
• Ukuluma.
• Amaqhubu amhlophe noma aphuzi agcwele ubomvu (amathumba).

Uma unesifo somgudu womchamo:

• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba yisidingo esiphuthumayo noma esingalawuleki sokuchama.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.
• Ubuhlungu endaweni yesinqe.
• Ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i-dysuria).
• Ukuchama njalo.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma wazi ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho abuthakathaka, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas?

Lokhu kutheleleka kungabangelwa izinhlobo eziningi zamabhaktheriya eqenjini elithi `Pseudomonas`. Kulawa, i-`P. aeruginosa` iyona imbangela eyinhloko. La mabhaktheriya angakhula futhi asakazeke ngezindlela eziningi. Isibonelo:

• Ngamanzi: amasinki, amabhavu okugeza, amachibi okubhukuda, amabhavu ashisayo, umswakama ovela kuma-air conditioner (ama-humidifier), kanye nezindawo ezimanzi emakhishini.
• Kusukela enhlabathini.
• Ukudla: Ukudla okungahlanzekile, okungagezwanga.
• Ezintweni zokwelapha ezingcolisiwe: Isibonelo, uma izinto ezifana nama-ventilator noma ama-catheter omchamo asetshenziswa ezibhedlela zingahlanzwa kahle.
• Ukuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba: Ngokuthinta isikhumba somuntu onegciwane noma ngokuthinta indawo enegciwane bese uthinta amehlo akho, umlomo, noma ezinye izindawo zomzimba wakho.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kuyathelelana?

Yebo, i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa ingasakazeka isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye. Ivame ukusabalala ngezindawo ezingcolile noma ngezandla ezingcolile. Yingakho kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho njalo.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yi-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

I-Pseudomonas aeruginosa iyibhaktheriya evamile etholakala endaweni esihlala kuyo. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanamasosha omzimba aphilile banamathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo. Unamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka . Kuvamile nasezibhedlela. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi iziguli ezingafika ku-33% ezibhedlela zingase zibe sengozini ye-P. aeruginosa.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Ibhaktheriya i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa ingabangela ukutheleleka okusongela ukuphila . Lokhu kungasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kubangele izimo ezibucayi njenge-sepsis kanye nokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba.

Futhi, ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungaba ukumelana nama-antibiotic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-antibiotic odokotela abavame ukuwanikeza ukwelapha ukutheleleka awakwazi ukubulala amagciwane. Uma uthatha ama-antibiotics ukuze utheleleke nge-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ungase ube namathuba amaningi okutheleleka nge-Clostridium difficile (C. diff).

Itholakala kanjani i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa ngokuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukubuza ngezimpawu zakho, nokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa ngokomzimba kungafaka:

• Ukulalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho usebenzisa i-stethoscope (i-auscultation).
• Ukuthinta isisu sakho.
• Ukuhlola isikhumba sakho.
• Ukuhlola amehlo akho.

Bazophinde ba-ode ukuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi unesifo.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuze kubhekwe izimpawu zokutheleleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungafaka:

• `I-X-ray`.
• I-Ultrasound.
• Isithombe Sokuqabulana Kwamagnetic (MRI).
• `I-Computed Tomography (CT) scan`.

Bangase futhi bathathe amasampula oketshezi lomzimba wakho noma izicubu bese bewathumela elabhorethri ukuze bahlole ukuthi akhona yini amabhaktheriya e-Pseudomonas.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?

Udokotela uvame ukukunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane ukwelapha igciwane le-Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bangase bakunike imithi elwa namagciwane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalawa alandelayo:

• `Aztreonam`
• `I-Carbapenems`
• `I-Ceftazidime`
• `I-Ciprofloxacin`
• `I-Gentamicin`
• `I-Ticarcillin`
• `I-Ureidopenicillins`

Ungathatha lawa ma-antibiotic njengamaphilisi, uwasebenzise njengokhilimu, amaconsi amehlo, noma uwafake ngemithambo yegazi. Kuye ngobukhulu bokutheleleka kwakho, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic amasonto amaningana, noma ngisho nezinyanga.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu yile:Ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kuya ngokuya kumelana nezinhlobo eziningi zama-antibiotic, ikakhulukazi uma uthola ukutheleleka esibhedlela noma kwenye indawo yokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphelele njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Uma ungayeki, ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungase kubuye futhi kube nzima ukukwelapha.

I-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) engamelani ne-Carbapenem

Iqembu elincane lamagciwane e-Pseudomonas aeruginosa amelana nama-antibiotic e-carbapenem. Siwabiza ngokuthi i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) engamelana ne-carbapenem. Akhiqiza ama-enzyme abizwa ngokuthi ama-carbapenemases. Lawa ma-enzyme avimbela i-carbapenem namanye ama-antibiotic e-beta-lactam ukuthi angasebenzi. Ama-antibiotic amaningi atholakalayo njengamanje awasebenzi kula ma-CRPA akhiqiza i-carbapenemase (CP). Lawa ma-CP-CRPA angabelana ngekhodi yezakhi zofuzo eyenza ama-carbapenemases namanye amabhaktheriya. Lokhu kumelana bese kusakazeka ngokushesha. Kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa kuhle ukwazi.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kuzophela ngokwako?

Uma ungenazo izimpawu noma unezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, ukutheleleka kwakho kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunjalo kuwo wonke umuntu.

Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka okukhulu kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa akuphili ngaphandle kokwelashwa futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila.

Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Uma unegciwane le-Pseudomonas aeruginosa elincane, cishe uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka okukhulu kungathatha amasonto, noma ngisho nezinyanga, ukuze kuphulukiswe.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-infection ye-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Ezimweni eziningi, umbono wokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa muhle uma amasosha omzimba wakho ephilile. Ukutheleleka okuncane kuzophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa uma kwelashwa kahle. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uthathe yonke imithi elwa namagciwane. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, ukutheleleka kungaba nzima kakhulu ukukwelapha.

Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungaba kubi kakhulu, kuze kube yingozi. Kungadingeka ukuthi uphuze izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zama-antibiotic. Kungadingeka futhi ukuthi uphuze ama-antibiotic isikhathi eside ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka ukuthi kuqhubeke.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungavinjelwa?

Yebo, ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa:

• Geza izandla zakho njalo:Ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho elwa namagciwane namanzi ahlanzekile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Uma ukugeza izandla kungatholakali, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esisekelwe kutshwala.
• Geza izithelo nemifino kahle: Geza izithelo nemifino kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa insipho yokuwasha izithelo/imifino.
• Phuza amanzi ahlanzekile: Uma ungenawo amanzi ahlanzekile, qiniseka ukuthi uphuza amanzi asemabhodleleni, asemathinini, abilisiwe, noma ahlanzwe ngamakhemikhali.
• Hlanza izindawo kahle: Sebenzisa isibulali-magciwane ukuhlanza izindawo ezivame ukuthintwa (isib. izibambo zeminyango, amatafula, amasinki).
• Gwema ama-hot tub angcolile namachibi okubhukuda: Qiniseka ukuthi amanzi e-hot tub noma echibini lokubhukuda ahlanzwa njalo nge-chlorine.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kungaba kubi kakhulu ngokushesha uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela ngokushesha uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, noma uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kokwelashwa.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu njengalokhu, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze, noma ushayele u-1990 (uma useSri Lanka):

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (103 Fahrenheit noma 39.4 Celsius).
• Ukudideka.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, kungaba usizo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngithole kanjani igciwane le-Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
• Uma ngingenalo igciwane le-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yisiphi esinye isimo engingaba naso?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zama-antibiotic?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngikhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo wama-antibiotic?
• Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zokuthi ukutheleleka kuya ngokuya kuba kubi okufanele ngiziqaphele?

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Amabhaktheriya e-Pseudomonas atholakala emhlabeni wonke, ezindaweni ezimanzi njengamanzi nomhlabathi. Angaphila ngisho nasesikhumbeni sakho, kodwa ngaphandle kokubangela ukutheleleka. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ephilile, ukutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa kuvame ukuba kuncane - ungase ungaboni ngisho nezimpawu.

Kodwa-ke, uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, lezi zifo zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, khuluma nodokotela. Bangakwazi ukuthola ukutheleleka futhi bakunikeze ama-antibiotic afanele ukulawula amagciwane futhi bawavimbele ukuba angabi mabi kakhulu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, noma ngabe unezimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma useqenjini elisengozini.

'I-Pseudomonas, i-Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, i-Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane, Ukumelana Namagciwane, I-Sepsis, Ukutheleleka Kwesibhedlela