Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele njalo, unesiyezi, noma unenkinga yokukhuphuka izitebhisi? Kungenzeka ukuthi othile ukubuzile, "Kungani uphaphathekile kangaka kulezi zinsuku?" Lezi zivame ukuba izimpawu ze-anemia. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingavamile esibangela i-anemia, abantu abaningi abangakaze bezwe ngaso, kodwa okufanele sisiqaphele. Leso yi -Pure Red Cell Aplasia , noma i-PRCA ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA)?
Cabanga ukuthi ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu, umnkantsha wamathambo, kufana nefektri enkulu yokwenza igazi. Le fektri yilapho kwenziwa khona izinhlobo ezintathu zamangqamuzana umzimba wethu ozidingayo, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, nama-platelet. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ukuqoqela umoya-mpilo oza emaphashini ethu lapho siphefumula bese uwusabalalisa kuwo wonke amanye amangqamuzana emzimbeni wonke.
Manje, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA) , umugqa wokukhiqizwa kwefektri eyenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi uyeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinye izinhlobo zamangqamuzana, okungukuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi nama-platelet, ngokuvamile akushintshi kakhulu. Lapho kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kuyeka, inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni liyehla kancane kancane. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-anemia . Uma kungekho amangqamuzana anele okuthwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke, izimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili, njengokukhathala nobuthakathaka, ziqala ukuvela.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-PRCA?
I-PRCA yisimo esibangela ukuntuleka kwegazi okukhulu, ngakho-ke izimpawu zisobala kakhulu kunalezo ezibonakala nge-anemia evamile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuqeda usuku, ingasaphathwa eyokwenza umsebenzi onzima. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi evamile, uhamba, noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lomoya-mpilo odingwa ubuchopho. |
| Isikhumba esikhanyayo | Isikhumba, izindebe, nezinzipho zibonakala ziphaphathekile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, okwenza isikhumba sibe nombala opinki. |
| Ubuhlungu bekhanda | Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibangelwa ukuncipha kokunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni. |
| Ukuzwa imisindo ezindlebeni (i-Pulsatile Tinnitus) | Ukuzwa umsindo ezindlebeni ngokuvumelana nesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-Angina) | Ubuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa ukunganeli komoya-mpilo emisipheni yenhliziyo. |
Kungani kwenzeka isimo esingavamile kangaka?
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa ye-PRCA. Kunezici eziningana ezibangela lokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kwenzeke njengomphumela wesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo.
- Izifo Zokuzivikela Ngokuzenzakalelayo: Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu (uhlelo lokuzivikela ngomzimba) luhlasela ngephutha imizimba yethu. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlasela kungahlasela namaseli asemongweni wamathambo enza amaseli abomvu egazi. Isibonelo, i-PRCA ingavela nezifo ezifana ne-`(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - SLE)` kanye ne-`(Rheumatoid Arthritis)`.
- Umdlavuza Wegazi: Kukhona ingozi yokuthola i-PRCA ngezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza ohlobene negazi, ikakhulukazi i-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) kanye ne-Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia (LGL).
- Amathumba Anomdlavuza: I-Thymoma iyisimila somdlavuza esikhula endlaleni ye-thymus esifubeni. Lokhu kungaba yimbangela enkulu ye-PRCA.
- Ukutheleleka Ngegciwane: I-Parvovirus B19Igciwane elibangela i-PRCA yilona elibangela kakhulu. Leli gciwane lihlasela ngqo amaseli okuqala emnkantsheni wamathambo abangela ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lingabangelwa futhi yi-HIV, igciwane le-Epstein-Barr, kanye namagciwane e-hepatitis.
- Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane: Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamagciwane, njengesifo sofuba, nakho akuvamile ukubangela i-PRCA.
- Imithi ethile: I-PRCA ingenzeka futhi njengomphumela ongemuhle wemithi ethile.
- Ukukhulelwa: Akuvamile kakhulu, abanye besifazane bangase babe ne-PRCA yesikhashana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sivame ukuxazululeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngemva kokubeletha.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, udokotela uzoqala akuhlole bese encoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kulinganisa inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet egazini lakho. Ku-PRCA, inani lamaseli abomvu egazi liphansi kakhulu.
- Inani lama-reticulocyte: Lokhu kulinganisa inani lamaseli abomvu egazi angakavuthwa asanda kwakheka emnkantsheni wethambo futhi afakwe egazini. Ku-PRCA, leli nani nalo liphansi kakhulu.
- Ukuskena Kwegazi Okuseduze: Kuthathwa ithonsi legazi bese lihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuhlola ukuma kanye nohlobo lwamaseli abomvu egazi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Parvovirus B19: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
- I-CT Scan: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa uma kukhona okusolwayo ukuthi kukhona isimila esifana ne-"Thymoma" esifubeni.
- Ukuphefumula/Ukuhlola Umongo Wethambo: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Inaliti encane isetshenziswa ukususa isampula yomongo wethambo endaweni efana nethambo le-hip ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia. Ku-PRCA, lokhu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi umongo wethambo uphelelwe ngokuphelele amaseli abomvu egazi.
Iphathwa kanjani i-PRCA?
I-PRCA yelashwa ngokuhlonza imbangela yesifo kanye nokulungisa leyo nkinga.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho. Ukuthatha imithi ngokwakho kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:
- Ama-Immunosuppressants: Uma imbangela yalesi sifo iyinkinga ekusebenzeni kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, imithi efana ne-`(Corticosteroids)` (isb. i-Prednisone) kanye ne-`(i-Cyclosporine)` inikezwa ukuze ilawule lesi sifo.
- Ukufakwa Kwegazi:Uma inani legazi liphansi kakhulu futhi izimpawu zinzima, ukumpontshelwa igazi kunikezwa njengendlela yokwelapha ngokushesha. Kodwa lokhu kuyisisombululo sesikhashana. Njengoba ukumpontshelwa igazi okuqhubekayo kungabangela ukwakheka kwensimbi emzimbeni, ukwelashwa okuhlukile (i-Chelation Therapy) kuyadingeka ukuze kususwe insimbi eningi.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma imbangela yalesi sifo kuyi-tumor ye-thymus gland (Thymoma), kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-gland (Thymectomy).
- Ukufakelwa Kwamaseli Esiqu: Kwezinye izimo zofuzo, amaseli esiqu athathwe kumuntu ophilile ayatshalwa ukuze kuzanywe ukudala uhlelo olusha lomnkantsha olunempilo.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Immunoglobulin: Uma i-PRCA ibangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-Parvovirus B19, lokhu kwelashwa kulawula igciwane.
Ake sifunde nangemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.
Njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, ukwelashwa kwe-PRCA kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke lokhu kusenesikhathi.
Imiphumela emibi yemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba
- Induna
- Ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme
- I-Osteoporosis
- Ukwanda kwesisindo
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kanye nesicanucanu
Imiphumela emibi yokumpontshelwa igazi
- Umkhuhlane kanye nokungezwani komzimba (ukuluma)
- Ingozi yokutheleleka
- Ukweqisa kwensimbi
Le miphumela emibi ayibangeli wonke umuntu, futhi udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuyilawula. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.
Kunjani ukuphila ne-PRCA futhi ngizinakekela kanjani?
I-PRCA ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yisimo esingamahlalakhona. Lesi sifo singaphela ngokuphelele ngemva kokwelashwa noma singaphinde sibuye. Ngakho-ke, kunezinto eziningana okufanele uzicabangele uma uphila nalesi simo.
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zinyamalala ngemva kokwelashwa, qiniseka ukuthi uya kohlolwa ngezikhathi ezinqunywe udokotela wakho. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole noma iyiphi ingozi yokuthi lesi sifo sibuye kusenesikhathi.
- Imithamo yokunakekela: Abanye abantu kungadingeka baqhubeke nokuphuza imithi ngemithamo ephansi ukuze bavimbele lesi sifo ukuthi singabuyi.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo:
- Ukudla okuhle: Buza udokotela wakho ngokudla okucebile nge-iron kanye nokudla okunomsoco.
- Phuza amanzi anele: Vimbela umzimba ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Zivocavoce ngendlela ephephile efanele wena, njengoba udokotela wakho ekweluleke.
- Zivikele ezifweni:Geza izandla zakho njalo. Qaphela ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imijovo edingekayo.
- Qaphela izimpawu zakho: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni wakho noma izimpawu ezintsha, yazisa udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA) yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibangela ukuthi umongo wethambo uyeke ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
- Inkinga enkulu ebangelwa yilokhu ukuntuleka kwegazi okukhulu. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuphaphatheka, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu, izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, umdlavuza, kanye nokutheleleka ngamagciwane kuyizona eziyinhloko.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa komnkantsha kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo kuye ngokuthi imbangela yesifo ibangelwa yini. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lesi sifo singaphinde sibuye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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