Ingabe isikhumba sakho sesiqalile ukuqhuma ngokuzumayo futhi siqale ukulunywa? Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba!

Wake waphawula ukuthi isikhumba sakho, noma somuntu omaziyo, siphenduka sibe bomvu ngokuzumayo, siqhume sibe amabhamuza amancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi silume ngendlela engabekezeleleki? Noma ngezinye izikhathi sibuhlungu? Lezi yizinto esizibiza ngokuthi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba . Empeleni lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu eyenzeka kubantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba wethuke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Kuyini ngempela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba? Kuvamile kangakanani?

Kalula nje, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sethu siba bomvu, sivuvukala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sibe namaqhubu amancane noma amaqhubu. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuqubuka kwesikhumba zomile kakhulu futhi ziyaluma. Ezinye zingalimaza ngisho. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Isibonelo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane , amabhaktheriya , izinto esinazo i-allergens (i-allergens ), noma izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne -eczema .

Cabanga ngakho, wake waba nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okuncane noma ukulunywa? Cishe wonke umuntu uke waba nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okuncane esikhathini esithile empilweni yakhe. Ngakho-ke kuyinto evamile kakhulu. Kujwayelekile ukuthi isikhumba sibe bomvu, silume, futhi silume isikhashana.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lokhu (ukuqubuka kwesikhumba)?

Empeleni, akukho mkhawulo weminyaka ngalokhu. Noma ubani kusukela ezinsaneni ezincane kuya kogogo nomkhulu asebekhulile angaba nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

• Kwabantwana abancane: Ukuqubuka kwe-Diaper (ukuqubuka okubangelwa amanabukeni) kanye ne-Cradle Cap (uqweqwe ekhanda ) kuvamile kuzo.
• Izingane ezincane: Zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zibe nokuqubuka okubangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, njenge -Atopic Dermatitis (futhi uhlobo lwe-eczema) kanye neFifth Disease .
• Ezinganeni ezincane kanye nabantu abadala: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba siba nomuzwa wokuzwela ezintweni ezithile ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba noma izinto ezicasulayo, okungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne -contact dermatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukuthintana nento ethile).

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuqubuka kwesikhumba?

Akukhona nje uhlobo olulodwa noma ezimbili zamathegi esikhumba, ziningi. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko:

(Contact Dermatitis) - Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukuthintana

Yilapho isikhumba sakho sisabela khona entweni umzimba wakho ongayithandi, okungukuthi, into onayo i-allergy kuyo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bangaba ne-allergy kuma-perfume, izithasiselo, i-nickel (lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ebucwebeni bokwenziwa), noma ezitshalweni ezithile ezinobuthi (isibonelo , i-Poison Ivy) . Futhi, insipho, insipho yokuwasha izingubo, amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza indlu esiyisebenzisayo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi esikhumbeni futhi kubangele lolu hlobo lomonakalo.

(I-Eczema) - I-Eczema (i-atopic dermatitis)

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Atopic Dermatitis . Ngokuvamile iqala ebuntwaneni, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ingaba ngcono njengoba ingane ikhula. Kungase futhi kube yisimo sofuzo . Abantu abane-asthma noma ezinye izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-eczema.

(Ama-Hives) - I-Urticaria

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Urticaria . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhumba siba bomvu, sivuvukale, futhi silume, njengokuqubuka. Ungaba nama -hives njengokusabela kokungezwani nezinto ezisemoyeni noma uma ulunywa yizinambuzane. Kungabangelwa futhi ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe noma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.

(I-Psoriasis)

Lesi yisifo sesikhumba esingahlala impilo yonke. Sibangela ukuqina kwesikhumba, amabala anamabala. Lawa mabala avame ukubonakala ezindololwaneni, emadolweni, emhlane ongezansi, ekhanda nasezithweni zangasese. I-Psoriasis nayo ingaba yifa.

Ukuqubuka Okubangelwa Yigciwane

Uphawu oluvamile lwezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ukuqubuka. Isibonelo, i-chickenpox , i-measles , kanye ne-molluscum contagiosum kungabangela ukuqubuka.

Kungani sithola lokhu (Ukuqubuka Kwesikhumba)? Ziyini izimbangela?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kuvela izilonda zesikhumba. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba endaweni ezungezile: Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezifana nempova, uthuli, kanye ne-dander yezilwane.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela izilonda zesikhumba.
• Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema.
• Izinto ezicasulayo: Izinto ezifana nensipho enamandla namakhemikhali.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane (Amagciwane).

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqhuma kwesikhumba?

Izimpawu zokuqhuma kwesikhumba ziyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela nohlobo. Lokhu kuqubuka kungavela endaweni eyodwa yomzimba, noma kungasakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Izimpawu zokuqhuma kwesikhumba zifaka:

• Isikhumba esomile .
• Amabhamuza .
• Amabala esikhumba.
• Umuzwa wokushisa noma wokuhlaba esikhumbeni.
• Ukuxebuka noma ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba .
• Ukuqubuka okufana ne-hives .
• Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba noma ukuvuvukala .
• Ukuqala ukulunywa .
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu .
• Ukubomvu kwesikhumba.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani ngokunembile lokhu (ukuqubuka kwesikhumba)?

Ngenxa yokuthi kunezimbangela eziningi zezilonda zesikhumba, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukubona ukuthi ziyini ngempela. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole izilonda zakho, abuze ngezimpawu zakho, futhi abheke umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angenza nokuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• I-Biopsy: Kule nqubo, udokotela uthatha isampula encane yesikhumba sakho noma ezinye izicubu bese eyihlola ukuze athole amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuboneni izinto ezibangela ukungezwani nomzimba . Ukuhlolwa Kokushaywa Kwesikhumba kanye Nokuhlolwa Kokushaywa kuyizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa Kokushaywa Kwesikhumba kusiza ekuxilongeni izimo ezifana ne -Urticaria , kanti Ukuhlolwa Kokushaywa Kwesikhumba kusiza ekuxilongeni i-Contact Dermatitis . Kulezi zivivinyo, udokotela uveza isikhumba sakho esikhunjeni esincane se-allergen bese ebheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela. Ungase uhlolwe i-allergen eyodwa noma i - allergen eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma isikhumba sakho siba bomvu, sivuvukele, noma silume, kusho ukuthi une-allergy kuleyo nto.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ezinye izimo zesikhumba zibangelwa ama-antibodies egazini lakho. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Amanye ama-rashes angaba uphawu lwesinye isifo somzimba. Kuleso simo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo zezitho zomzimba zithintekile yini.

Ukwelapha kanjani ukuqubuka kwesikhumba?

Izilonda zesikhumba ziyalashwa kuye ngokuthi imbangela ikuphi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi izilonda ziphole. Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko zezilonda zesikhumba yilezi:

• Imithi yokungezwani komzimba: Ama-antihistamine aphuzwayo anciphisa ukulunywa.
• Okhilimu abalwa nokuvuvukala: Okhilimu abaqukethe i-hydrocortisone (isib. i-Cortizone®) banciphisa ukuvuvukala nokulunywa.
• Ama-immunosuppressants: Uma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kubangelwa yi -eczema noma impendulo yesistimu yomzimba, kunikezwa imithi yokunciphisa leyo mpendulo. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala (ukucasuka).
• Ukugeza nge-oatmeal: Ukucwilisa emanzini afudumele nge -oatmeal ye-colloidal (etholakala emakhemisi, isibonelo i-Aveeno®) kungasiza ekuthokoziseni isikhumba esomile nesilumayo.
• Ama-steroid: Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ukhilimu we-steroid ongaphandle noma i -steroid yomlomo , njenge -Prednisone .Ama-steroid anciphisa ukuvuvukala nokulunywa.
• Ama-immunomodulators asebenza ngesikhumba: Le mithi isebenza ngokushintsha indlela amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngayo ezintweni ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba. Le mithi, etholakala ngomuthi kadokotela, ifaka amafutha e-Tacrolimus - i-Protopic® kanye ne -Pimecrolimus skin cream - i-Elidel® .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuqubuka kwesikhumba?

Amathegi esikhumba ayisimo esicasulayo kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi asibukeki kahle, kodwa avame ukuxazululeka ngokwelashwa. Izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile. Kodwa-ke, zingabangela:

• I-Anaphylaxis: Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba kungabangela isimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis, esingahlanganisa ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokuvuvukala. I-Angioedema , engabangela ukuvaleka komoya, nayo ingenzeka. Umuntu obhekene ne -anaphylaxis kufanele anikezwe umjovo we-epinephrine (i-EpiPen®) ngokushesha ukuze alawule lokhu kusabela kokungezwani komzimba.

Okubalulekile: Uma wake waba nokuqubuka okuzwakala sengathi umphimbo noma umlomo wakho uyavuvukala, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi udinga yini ukuthwala i -EpiPen® .

• Ukutheleleka: Uma uklwebha induna, isikhumba siyaphuka futhi amagciwane angangena. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwesikhumba ngamagciwane.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani lokhu (ukuqubuka kwesikhumba) ukuthi kuvele?

Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ukulimala kwesikhumba:

• Gwema izinto ozizwa une-allergy kuzo noma ozaziyo ukuthi ziyingozi kuwe (isib., izinto ezibangela i-allergy , izinto ezikucasulayo ) ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ungabelani ngezinto zakho noma izingubo zakho nomuntu onegciwane elithelelanayo.
• Sebenzisa insipho ezithambile, ezingenaphunga, ezingenazo izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba, izihlanzi kanye nezimonyo.
• Uma uthinta into owaziyo ukuthi une-allergy kuyo noma into eyingozi esikhumbeni sakho, geza izandla zakho kahle ngokushesha .

Kuyini ukubikezela komuntu onesifo sokuvuvukala kwesikhumba?

Kuye ngembangela, ezinye izilonda zesikhumba zingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, izilonda ezibangelwa izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne -eczema ne -psoriasis zingaba zesikhathi eside futhi ziphindaphindeke. Zidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo nokunakekelwa. Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokulunywa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha bese ucela ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo :

• Uma ubhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula kanye nokuqubuka (lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-anaphylaxis ).
• UmonakaloUma kuvela ngokuzumayo .
• Uma izilonda zisakazeke emzimbeni wonke .
• Uma isifo sisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu .
• Uma kukhona umkhuhlane kanye nokuqubuka.
• Uma kukhona amabhamuza noma amanxeba avulekile .
• Uma inxeba libonakala lithelelekile (libomvu, lifudumele, livuvukile, futhi linobomvu obuphuzi).

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma unesifo sokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zinto:

• Kungani nginezilonda zesikhumba ezinje?
• La manxeba azophola nini?
• Ingabe kufanele ngithole ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu zalezi zilonda zesikhumba?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele izilonda zesikhumba?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu zezilonda ezibuhlungu nezilumayo?
• Yiziphi ezinye izihlanzi kanye nezimonyo ezinhle ezitholakala ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezimpawu zezinkinga?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuthi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kuthinta kangakanani impilo yakho kuncike ekutheni yini ekubangelayo. Nakuba kunzima ukugwema izinto ezifana namagciwane namagciwane, ungazigwema izinto owaziyo ukuthi ziyazwela noma ziyingozi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okuningi, nakuba kuyacasula, kungelashwa.

Ezinye izimo zesikhumba, njenge- psoriasis, zingahlala impilo yonke futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uthole imbangela eqondile yezinkinga zesikhumba sakho. Ungakhuluma naye ngendlela yokunciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho ezintweni ezibangela lokhu. Udokotela wakho angakha nohlelo lokwelapha oluhambisana nezimpawu zakho kanye nohlobo lwenkinga yesikhumba onayo. Ngakho-ke, uma unenkinga yesikhumba, unganqikazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Izifo zesikhumba, izifo zesikhumba, ukungezwani komzimba, i-eczema, i-psoriasis, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukwelashwa kwesikhumba