Kusho ukuthini uma ulwelwesi olungaphakathi kweso lakho ludabuka? (I-Retinal Tear) Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula!

Amehlo ethu ayigugu kakhulu, akunjalo? Afana namafasitela amabili esibona ngawo umhlaba. Ngakho-ke kuyinto evamile ngathi ukuzizwa sesaba kakhulu futhi sikhathazekile uma kwenzeka okuthile emehlweni ethu. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone ukukhanya okukhanyayo phambi kwamehlo akho, noma ungase ubone amachashazi amancane amnyama noma ama-spider webs entanta nxazonke. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu 'zenyembezi ye-retinal', ukudabuka kolwelwesi oluthambile kakhulu ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa futhi namuhla.

Kuyini ngempela 'ukudabuka kwe-retinal'?

Kalula nje, ukudabuka kwe-retinal kuwukudabuka noma ukuqhekeka kwengqimba encane kakhulu, ebucayi ngemuva kweso lakho, ebizwa ngokuthi i-retina . Cabanga ngakho njengocezu oluthambile kakhulu lwesilika. Yilokho i-retina eyikho.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu, kukhona into efana nejeli ebizwa ngokuthi i-vitreous . Le vitreous isiza ukugcina isimo sangaphakathi kweso. Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi njengoba siguga, le vitreous iqala ukuncipha futhi idonseleke kude ne-retina. Uma idonseleka, ingadonseleka kude nalapho yayinamathele khona ku-retina, okubangela ukuba ulwelwesi oluthambile ludabuke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-retinal tear.

Kodwa lokhu akusikho 'ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal', okusho ukuthi i-retina ayihlukanisiwe ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma 'ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal' kungelashwa kahle, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uketshezi luzongena ekuqhekekeni futhi i-retinal izohlukana, okusho 'ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal'. Leso yisimo esiphuthumayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-retina ingaba mncane futhi yakhe imbobo. Lokhu cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi kukhule kube ukuhlukana kwe-retina.

Kodwa-ke, ukudabuka kwe-retinal kuyinto engathinta umbono wakho, ngakho-ke kufanele kuphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha uma unezimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu 'zokukhala kwe-retinal'?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinto ongazizwa.

• Ngokungazelelwe ubona ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo: Yilokhu esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi ``Photopsia``. Kungafana nokubona ukukhanya okuvela ekhamera, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini.
• Amachashazi amancane amnyama, noma ama-spider web, avela kaningi: lawa abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-floater'. Ukubona elilodwa noma amabili kungaba yinto evamile, kodwa uma ubona amaningi awo wonke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo.
• Umbono uzwakala sengathi uya ngokuya uba mnyama kancane kancane: Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ikhethini elimnyama liwela phambi kwamehlo akho.
• Umbono ufiphele.

Cabanga nje, ngenkathi ufunda noma ubukele i-TV, ngokuzumayo ubona ama-spider web amancane entanta phambi kwamehlo akho, noma ubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo sengathi kwenzeke ukushaqeka kukagesi. Abanye abantu abakunaki lokhu, becabanga ukuthi, 'Kumelwe ukuba kukhona okwenzekile esweni lami.' Kodwa lezi kungaba izimpawu zokuqala 'zokukhala kwe-retinal'.

Kodwa khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi ukukhala kwe-retinal kungaba khona ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa amehlo akho njalo.

Kungani kwenzeka 'ukudabuka kwe-retinal'? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu:

• Ukususwa Kwama-Vitreous Angemuva (i-PVD): Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu. Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, njengoba siguga, i-vitreous jelly engaphakathi kweso iyancipha bese isuka ku-retina. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-PVD. Akuzona zonke izimo ze-PVD ezibangela ukudabuka kwe-retina, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukudabuka kungenzeka lapho i-jelly isuka lapho inamathele khona ngokuqinile ku-retina.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo: Lolu hlobo lokudabuka lungenzeka uma iso lishayeka kakhulu noma uma kukhona okubhajwe kulo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo: Kukhona ingozi encane yalokhu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba nale 'mhuzuko we-retinal'. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani:

• Ukuguga: Le ngozi iyanda kancane ngemva kweminyaka engu-50.
• Ukungaboni kahle, okungukuthi, kulabo abane-'Myopia' ('Myopia`): Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ukubona kahle ('Myopia`) kuhlobene kanjani nalokhu. Amehlo abantu abane-'Myopia' angaba made kancane kunamehlo omuntu ojwayelekile. Uma lokho kwenzeka, i-retina engaphakathi kweso ivame ukwelula futhi ibe mncane. Yingakho bevame kakhulu ukuba nezinkinga zokudabuka okunjalo.
• Kulabo abane-retina encane: Abanye abantu bangase babe nezindawo ezincane ze-retina yabo, kungaba kusukela ekuzalweni noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Izindawo ezinjalo zingadabuka kalula.
• Uma othile emndenini wake waba nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal noma ukudabuka kwe-retinal: Kungase kube nethonya elincane lezakhi zofuzo.
• Uma wake waba nokudabuka kwe-retinal esweni elilodwa ngaphambili: Kunethuba elincane lokuthi kuzokwenzeka nakwelinye iso.

Yiziphi izinkinga 'zokukhala kwe-retinal'? Ingabe kuyingozi?

Uma sikhuluma ngokudabuka kwe-retinal, inkinga okufanele siyesabe kakhulu ukuhlukana kwe-retinal.Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-retina ihlukana ngokuphelele nezicubu ezingaphansi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-retina izoncishwa umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba, futhi ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokubona unomphela. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa kokudabuka kwe-retina ngokushesha nje lapho ukuqaphela.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Udokotela uzokuxilonga kanje:

1. Amaconsi Avulekayo: Ukuze ubone i-retina, ngemuva kweso lakho, kungcono, udinga ukwandisa i -pupil. Yilokhu lo muthi osetshenziselwa kona. Uma usebenzisa lo muthi, umbono wakho ungase ufiphale isikhashana, futhi amehlo akho angase abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma uphuma ngaphandle.

2. Ukubheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngamathuluzi akhethekile: Ngemva kokuba amehlo akho evulekile, udokotela uzosebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lokukhanya kanye nelensi (ngokuvamile olubizwa ngokuthi `Isibani Esiqhekekile` kanye `I-Indirect Ophthalmoscope`) ukuze abheke ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni noma yikuphi ukudabuka, ukuqhekeka, noma izimbobo ku-retina.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukudabuka kwe-retinal?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma ukudabuka kwe-retinal kubanjwa kusenesikhathi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingakuvimbela ekubeni ukuhlukana kwe-retinal. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uvame ukukudlulisela kuchwepheshe we-retinal. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha:

1. Ukuhlinzwa Nge-Laser (noma `i-Photocoagulation`)

Kulokhu, uchwepheshe usebenzisa umsebe we-laser ukushisa ngobumnene indawo ezungeze ukudabuka. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-photocoagulation' . Izicubu ezincane zesilonda zakheka lapho futhi zinamathele ezicutshini ezingaphansi kwe-retina. Lokhu kuvimbela ukudabuka ukuthi kungabe kukhulu futhi kuvimbele uketshezi ukuthi lungene esweni ngokudabuka futhi kubangele 'ukuhlukana kwe-retinal'.

Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-10-15 kuphela. Kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ngakho akubuhlungu kakhulu.

2. I-Cryopexy (ukwelashwa kokuqandisa)

Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu (`ukwelashwa kweqhwa`) ukuvala indawo ezungeze uqhekeko. Udokotela usebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile ukufaka umkhuhlane omkhulu ngaphandle kweso, njengoqhekeko. Lo mkhuhlane, njenge-laser, ubangela ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda futhi zinamathele ezicutshini ezingaphansi kwe-retina. Umgomo ufana nokwelashwa nge-laser - ukuvimba uketshezi ukuthi lungaphumi kanye ne-retina ekuqhekekeni.

Lokhu kungathatha cishe imizuzu engama-30. Lokhu kwenziwa nangaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ngakho-ke ubuhlungu buncane.

Zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha zizama "ukushisela" indawo edabukile, ziyiqinise, futhi ziyivimbele ukuthi ingaqhubeki iye ekuqhekekeni kwe-retina.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi evela kulezi zindlela zokwelapha?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, kodwa ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu.

• Kungase kube nokopha okuthile ngaphakathi kweso ngemva kokwelashwa.
• Abanye abantu bangase babe nengozi encane yokuba nesifo sofuba esibizwa ngokuthi i-cataracts kamuva ekuphileni.
• Akuvamile kakhulu, kungase kube nezimo lapho kungase kudingeke ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa futhi.
• Ungase ube nekhanda elincane noma ukungakhululeki eduze kwamehlo izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa.
• Izinguquko ezincane embonweni (isib. ukufiphala kwesikhashana) zingase zenzeke.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa? Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Ngemva kokwelashwa, kuzodingeka ufake i-eye patch isikhathi eside njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Ungase futhi unikezwe amaconsi amehlo.

Ngokuvamile uzokwazi ukushayela nokwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma umsebenzi wakho uhilela ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukuzivocavoca okunzima, noma imidlalo enzima, kungadingeka ulinde amasonto ambalwa kuze kube yilapho iso lakho selipholile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuthi uqhubeke naleyo misebenzi. Cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho.

Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukubuyela emuva ukuyohlolwa amehlo ngezikhathi ezihleliwe ngemva kokwelashwa.

Kulungile, ikusasa lami liyoba njani ngalesi simo?

Uma welapha ukudabuka kwe-retinal ngesikhathi esifanele, unethuba elingcono kakhulu lokulondoloza umbono wakho. Ngemva kokwelashwa, ukudabuka kuzophola futhi kuvimbele ukuhlukana kwe-retinal.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukudabuka kukhulu noma uma kungelashwa, kungaqhubekela ekuqhekekeni kwe-retina. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kunethuba elikhulu lokulahlekelwa umbono. Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu , kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukudabuka kwe-retinal?

Kunzima ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukudabuka kwe-retinal, njengoba ezinye izinto eziyingozi (njengokuguga) zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uvikele amehlo akho kanye nokubona kwakho:

• Vakashela udokotela wamehlo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlolwe amehlo ngokuphelele: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe amehlo avulekile uma une-nearbone (Myopia), unomlando womndeni wokubona eduze, noma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40-50 ubudala. Lena yindlela kuphela yokuthola noma yikuphi ukudabuka okuncane okungaba khona, noma ngabe akubonakali izimpawu.
• Vikela amehlo akho: Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha lapho udlala imidlalo (ikakhulukazi imidlalo yebhola), usebenza ngamakhemikhali, noma wenza noma yini engaba yingozi emehlweni akho.
• Uma unenkinga yokulimala kwamehlo noma ushintsho oluzumayo embonweni wakho (njengezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla), funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:Bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER).
• Nakekela impilo yakho iyonke: Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, zilawule. Yidla ukudla okunempilo futhi uvivinye umzimba njalo . Lezi zinto zilungele impilo yakho iyonke yamehlo.

Uma izinto ezinjengalezi ziqhubeka zenzeka ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, kufanele ubonane nodokotela!

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo ngemva kokwelashwa ngenxa yokulimala kwe-retinal, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha:

• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki emehlweni akho .
• Uma umbono wakho ubonakala uncipha ngokuzumayo, noma uma izimpawu zakho zimbi kakhulu kunangaphambili.
• Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka, kusho ukuthi ubomvu buphuma esweni, iso libomvu futhi livuvukele, futhi kukhona umkhuhlane.

Akukuhle ukufika sekwephuzile esimweni esinjengalesi.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa ukuthi unokudabuka eqakaleni elingaphakathi kweso lakho, okubizwa ngokuthi i-retinal tear. Kungaba yinto eshaqisayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba ungaba nakho ngaphandle kwezimpawu.

Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi futhi ungesabi. Udokotela wakho wamehlo nodokotela bamehlo bangakwazi ukwelapha lesi simo ngempumelelo futhi bakusize ulondoloze ukubona kwakho okuyigugu.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, noma uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile ekuboneni kwakho, sicela ungakuzibi. Bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Khumbula, amehlo akho ayigugu kuwe njengoba enjalo kodokotela. Bahlala bezama ukukusiza ukuthi ugcine amehlo akho ephilile.

Ukwenyuka Kwe - Retinal, Ukwenyuka Kwe-Retinal, Ukwenyuka Kweso, I-Retina, Ukubona Kwamehlo, Izifo Zamehlo, Ukwelashwa Nge-Laser, I-Cryopexy, Ama-Floaters, I-Photopsia