Ingabe nawe unamajoyinti aqinile namalunga abuhlungu ekuseni? Ingabe lokhu kungaba yi-rheumatoid arthritis?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uqinile uma uvuka ekuseni? Kufana nokuthi ucezu lwezinkuni lufakwe emzimbeni wakho, okwenza kube nzima ukugoba noma ukunyakaza? Uma amalunga akho ebuhlungu futhi evuvukele, ikakhulukazi eminweni yakho, ezihlakaleni nasemadolweni... kungenzeka ukuthi awuzinaki kakhulu lezi zinto. Ungase ucabange, "Mhlawumbe kukhathele kancane" noma " Yindlela okhula ngayo." Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) . Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, akunjalo?

Kuyini i-Rheumatoid Arthritis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-rheumatoid arthritis iyisifo esingapheli , noma esiqhubekayo, sokuzivikela komzimba . Manje ungase uzibuze, "Siyini lesi sifo sokuzivikela komzimba?" Nokho, imizimba yethu inesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Kufana nebutho lethu. Kufanele lisivikele kumagciwane nezifo ezivela ngaphandle. Kodwa ku-rheumatoid arthritis, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela luqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amalunga ethu, ikakhulukazi ulwelwesi oluncane oluwamboza, i-synovium . Cabanga nje, kufana nebutho lethu elihlasela amakhaya ethu!

Ngokuvamile kuthinta amalunga eminweni, ezandleni, ezihlakaleni, emadolweni, emaqakaleni, ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni . Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi i-RA ivame ukuthinta amalunga afanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma ithinta isihlakala esandleni sokudla, kungenzeka ukuthi ithinte nesihlakala esandleni sobunxele. Lesi esinye sezizathu ezenza i-RA ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ze-arthritis.

Lokhu kuvuvukala okungalawuleki, okubangela ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, kanye nobuhlungu, kulimaza i-cartilage emalungeni ethu. I-cartilage ifana 'nomshini wokudambisa ukushaqeka', umcamelo ovimbela amalunga ukuthi agudlane futhi uwasize anyakaze kalula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo we-cartilage ungabangela ukuthi amalunga aguge futhi ekugcineni amathambo aguge. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amalunga ahlangane, okwenza angashukumi.

Le nqubo ihilela amangqamuzana akhethekile namakhemikhali avela ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Nakuba lokhu kukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwamalunga, kungahamba kuwo wonke umzimba ngegazi futhi kubangele ezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis ayigcini emalungeni kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyi:

• Isikhumba
• Amehlo
• Umlomo
• Amaphaphu
• Inhliziyo

Kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ziyini izimo zalesi sifo?

Singakhuluma nge-rheumatoid arthritis ikakhulukazi ngezigaba ezine. Kodwa akuzona zonke lezi zigaba ezifika ngesikhathi esifanayo kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi abanye abantu bangase badlule kulezi zigaba iminyaka eminingi.

• Isigaba 1: Lesi yisigaba sokuqala . Kuleli qophelo, izicubu ezizungeze amalunga akho ziqala ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu nokuqina kwamalunga akho. Uma udokotela enza i-X-ray kuleli qophelo, kungenzeka angaboni zinguquko ezinkulu noma umonakalo emathanjeni.
• Isigaba sesi-2: Manje ukuvuvukala okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni sekuqalile ukulimaza i-cartilage emalungeni akho. Ungase uzizwe ukuqina kakhulu emalungeni akho, futhi ibanga lokunyakaza kwakho lingase linciphe kancane.
• Isigaba 3: Okwamanje, ukuvuvukala sekukubi kakhulu futhi amathambo nawo aseqala ukonakala. Ubuhlungu nokuqina kukhulu kakhulu kunaseSigabeni 2. Ububanzi bokunyakaza kwamalunga buyancipha kakhulu. Kuleli qophelo, izinguquko ekubukekeni kwamalunga (ubumnene, ukuvuvukala) zingase ziqale ukubonakala.
• Isigaba 4: Kuleli qophelo, ukuvuvukala okukhulu okwakukhona ngaphambili kuyekile, kodwa amalunga ayaqhubeka nokuwohloka. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, kanye nokulahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukuhamba .

Khumbula, akubona bonke abantu abadlula kuzo zonke izigaba ezine. Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukulawula lesi sifo ezingeni elilodwa, ikakhulukazi uma bethola ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi .

Ingabe ikhona iminyaka lapho lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka khona?

I-rheumatoid arthritis ivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-60. Kodwa-ke, ingathinta abantu banoma yimuphi ubudala. Ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha, ngokuvamile abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-16 no-40, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Young-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (YORA) . Kubantu abathola izimpawu ngemva kweminyaka engu-60, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Later-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (LORA) .

Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo samathambo esibangelwa yi-rheumatoid arthritis?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingahluka kuye ngomuntu, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, kanye nokuthamba emalungeni angaphezu kwelilodwa.
• Ukuqina, ikakhulukazi ekuseni noma ngemva kokuma isikhathi eside. Kwabanye, lokhu kuqina kungahlala amahora amaningi.
• Ubuhlungu nokuqina kwamalunga afanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba. Isibonelo, uma kusedolweni lesokudla, kuyafana nasedolweni lesobunxele.
• Ukukhathala. Lokhu akusikho nje ukukhathala okuvamile, kodwa ukukhathala okukhulu okwenza uzizwe sengathi awunawo amandla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• Imfiva.

I-RA ayithinti impilo yawo wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Kwabanye, izimpawu zikhula kancane kancane, eminyakeni edlule. Kwabanye, izimpawu zingavela ngokushesha kakhulu. Abantu abaningi banezikhathi zezimpawu ezandayo ( ukugqashuka ), lapho isifo siba sibi kakhulu, kanye nezikhathi ezingenazo izimpawu, ezibonakala ziphilile ( ukuphumula ).

Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo?

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-rheumatoid arthritis kungaba ububele noma ubuhlungu emalungeni amancane, njengeminwe nezinzwane zakho . Noma kungase kuqale njengobuhlungu emalungeni amakhulu, njengedolo noma ihlombe lakho. Lezi zimpawu zokuqala zifana ne-alamu esethwe ukuthi idlidlize. Ungase ungazinaki. Kodwa lezi zimpawu zokuqala zibaluleke kakhulu. Uma usheshe uqaphele ukuthi une-RA, kulapho ungaqala khona ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Futhi ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwamalunga okuhlala njalo nokubuhlungu.

Iyini imbangela yalokhu? Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?

Imbangela eqondile ye-rheumatoid arthritis ayikaziwa. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungaba yinhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo, ama-hormone, kanye nezici zemvelo .

Ngokuvamile, amasosha omzimba wethu avikela umzimba ezifweni. Kodwa ku-RA, okuthile (okubangela) kubangela ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasele amalunga ethu. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukutheleleka, ukubhema, noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo .

Ingabe i-rheumatoid arthritis iwufuzo?

Ososayensi bafunde izakhi zofuzo eziningana ezingase zithonye ukukhula kwe-RA. Ezinye izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo kanye nezici ezingezona ezezakhi zofuzo ziyahlangana ukuze kwandiswe ingozi yomuntu yokuthola i-RA. Izici ezingezona ezezakhi zofuzo zifaka izinto ezifana nobulili kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni ezifana nomusi.

Ikakhulukazi, abantu abazalwa benezinhlobo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo ze-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) kutholakale ukuthi banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis. Lawa mazakhi zofuzo e-HLA asiza amasosha omzimba wethu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaprotheni akhiqizwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni namaprotheni avela kubahlaseli bangaphandle njengama-virus namabhaktheriya.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ingozi ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis. Lezi yizi:

• Umlando womndeni ophilayo: Uma othile emndenini wakho oseduze ene-RA, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe ube nayo.
• Ubulili: Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuthola i-RA kunabesilisa.
• Ukubhema:Ukubhema akugcini nje ngokwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-RA, kodwa kungenza lesi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu.
• Ukukhuluphala: Uma isisindo somzimba wakho siphakeme kunesijwayelekile, okungukuthi, uma ukhuluphele kakhulu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-RA.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma i-rheumatoid arthritis ingelashwa kahle, kungase kube nezinye izinkinga eziningana. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukulimala kwamalunga noma ukukhubazeka kwamalunga
• Kulula ukungenwa yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
• Amehlo omile nomlomo owomile (izimo ezifana ne- Sjögren's syndrome )
• I-Carpal tunnel syndrome (isimo esibangelwa ukucindezelwa komthambo esandleni)
• I-Osteoporosis ( amathambo aba mancane futhi aphuke kalula)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo samaphaphu angaphakathi (isimo esithinta amaphaphu)
• I-Lymphoma ( umdlavuza wesistimu ye-lymphatic)

Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu bese uqala ukwelashwa okudingekayo uma unezimpawu.

Lesi sifo sitholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuze anqume ukuthi une-rheumatoid arthritis, udokotela wakho ojwayelekile angakudlulisela kudokotela wamathambo , udokotela ogxile kwi-arthritis. Udokotela wamathambo uzonquma ukuthi une-RA ngokucabangela izici eziningana.

Bazoqala ngokukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba , babuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu, bese be-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe .

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubheka kakhulu ukuvuvukala emzimbeni kanye namaprotheni athile egazi (ama-antibodies) aqondene ngqo ne-rheumatoid arthritis. Lokhu kuhlolwa kufaka phakathi:

• Izinga Lokuthuthwa Kwegazi Eliphuma Egazini (ESR noma “izinga lokuthathwa kwegazi”)
• Iphrotheni esabela ku-C (CRP)
• Ama-antibodies e-Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
• Ama-antibodies e-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (CCP)

Izinto ezinjengalezi zingafakwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kuhlola izimpawu zokuguguleka kwamalunga akho. I-rheumatoid arthritis ingabangela ukuthi iziphetho zamathambo angaphakathi kwamalunga akho ziguge. Ukuhlolwa okusetshenziselwa lokhu yile:

• Ama-X-ray
• Izikrini ze-Ultrasound
• Ukuskena kwe-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela uzobona ukuthi une-RA kuphela ngemva kokubona izimpawu zakho isikhashana.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-rheumatoid arthritis?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha isifo samathambo ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga. Ukwenza kanjalo kusiza ukugcina noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga. Umgomo wesikhathi eside ukunciphisa noma ukuvimba umonakalo wamalunga. Uma ukuvuvukala kwamalunga kulawulwa, ubuhlungu bakho bungancishiswa futhi ikhwalithi yempilo yakho ingathuthukiswa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-RA kuvame ukuhilela umuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana neminyaka yakho, impilo, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho.

Imithi yokwelapha i-rheumatoid arthritis

Ukuqala imithi ethile ekuqaleni kwesifo kungathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yakho yesikhathi eside. Kutholakale nokuthi ngezinye izikhathi ukusebenzisa imithi eminingana ndawonye kungaba ngcono kakhulu kunokusebenzisa umuthi owodwa nje.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi engasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokuvuvukala, kanye nokuvimbela noma ukulawula ukusabalala kwesifo. Izigaba eziyinhloko zemithi zifaka:

• Imithi Yokulwa Namathambo Eguqula Izifo (i-DMARD): Lena uhlobo oluyinhloko lwemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-RA. Isebenza ngokulawula amasosha omzimba nokunciphisa umonakalo emalungeni.
• Imithi Engasebenzisi Ama-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory (ama-NSAID): Le mithi inciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, ayivimbeli umonakalo emalungeni obangelwa yilesi sifo.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa yimithi enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Asiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ngoba angabangela imiphumela emibi uma esetshenziswa isikhathi eside, odokotela bayawanikeza ngokuqapha.
• Ama-Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors: Lawa uhlobo olusha lwemithi. Avimba neminye imisebenzi yesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.
• I-Biologics: Lezi futhi ziyizinhlobo zemithi emisha futhi ebiza kakhulu. Zenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo. Zisebenza ngokugxila ezingxenyeni ezithile zesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ezibangela ukuvuvukala.

Umuthi ophephile kakhulu kuwe yilowo okunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu . Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngomlando wakho wezempilo kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho ze-RA. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.

Kusetshenziswa nini ukuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela yokubuyisela ukusebenza kwamalunga alimele kakhulu. Futhi, uma imithi ingalawuli ubuhlungu bakho, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-RA kuhlanganisa:

• Ukufakwa esikhundleni sedolo
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-hip
• Okunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka

Kubandakanya izinto ezifana nalezi.

Kuyini ukubikezela kokugula komuntu onalesi sifo?

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-rheumatoid arthritis. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwakho, futhi zinciphise ijubane lokuqhubeka kwesifo. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kubalulekile.

Uma ungamboni udokotela futhi ungatholi ukwelashwa kwe-RA, lesi sifo singadala umonakalo ongapheli ku-cartilage yakho kanye namalunga akho ekugcineni. Akukhona lokho kuphela, i-RA ingalimaza nezitho zomzimba ezifana namaphaphu akho kanye nenhliziyo.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela)

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uqaphe izimpawu zakho. Futhi, uma unemiphumela emibi evela emithini oyithathayo, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho . Udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukulungisa umthamo wakho noma akunike omunye umuthi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe uze ukhulume nodokotela wakho.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungakwazi:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo .
• Yenza umsebenzi othile womzimba nsuku zonke (njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho).
• Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyinto okufanele uyenze.
• Phumula kahle.
• Thola izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka .

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma uya kudokotela, kuyasiza ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngine-RA, noma olunye uhlobo lwe-arthritis?
• Yimiphi imithi ongincomayo?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yaleyo mithi? Ngingayibona kanjani?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele ukuqubuka kwe-RA?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Ingabe lesi sifo singadluliselwa ezinganeni zami ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo?

Uma une-rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ngezinye izikhathi kungazwakala sengathi impilo yakho igcwele ubuhlungu nokukhathala. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngale mizwa kanye nezimpawu zakho. Kanye ne-X-ray kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi, lokho okutshela udokotela wakho ngesimo sakho kuyamsiza ukuthi ahlele uhlelo lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izimpawu zakho futhi ancome uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanelana kahle nezidingo zakho. Abantu abaningi abane-rheumatoid arthritis bayakwazi ukwenza izinto abazithandayo futhi baphile impilo eyanelisayo.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) namuhla. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-RA yisifo lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela khona amalunga akho.
• Ukuqina kwasekuseni, ubuhlungu bamalunga, nokuvuvukala yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
• Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo wamalunga.
• Nakuba okwamanje kungekho ikhambi eliphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zokulawula lesi sifo nokuphila impilo enhle.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo, uphuze imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngendlela efanele, futhi ulandele indlela yokuphila enempilo.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungesabi, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ukuthatha isinyathelo esisheshayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu enhlalakahleni yakho yesikhathi esizayo.

I- rheumatoid arthritis, ubuhlungu bamalunga, i-arthritis, izifo zokuzivikela komzimba, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, ukuqina kwasekuseni, i-rheumatoid