Ingabe ingane yakho inekhanda elide? Ake sixoxe nge-Scaphocephaly!

Wake waphawula ukuthi amakhanda ezinye izingane awayindilinga, kodwa made futhi mancane? Njengesikebhe, noma phezulu kweqanda. Kuvamile ukuthi abazali bakhathazeke futhi besabe kancane uma bebona lokhu. "Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngomntanami?" Ungase ucabange. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ukuma kwekhanda kungashintsha ngale ndlela. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Scaphocephaly , noma i-Sagittal Craniosynostosis .

Iyini i-Scaphocephaly? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuyini ngamagama alula. Ugebhezi lomntwana alakhiwe ngethambo elilodwa. Ugebhezi lwakhiwe yizicucu eziningana zamathambo. Kufana nengxenye yephazili ehlanganiswayo. Kunezikhala ezincane, noma ama-suture, phakathi kwalezi zicucu zamathambo. Lezi zicucu zivumela ubuchopho bomntwana ukuba bukhule futhi bukhule njengoba bukhula. Cabanga nje, lezi zicucu yizo ezenza ugebhezi "luguquguquke."

I-Scaphocephaly yisimo lapho umthungo oyinhloko ongaphezulu kwekhanda lomntwana, ikakhulukazi umthungo osuka phambili uye emuva (sagittal suture) , uvaleka ngokushesha , ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuzalwa. Umthungo we-sagittal uvame ukuqala ukuvala ngokuphelele cishe eminyakeni engu-22, futhi awuvaleki ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50. Ngakho cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani lapho umthungo obekufanele ngabe uvuliwe isikhathi eside kangaka uvaleka usesemncane.

Uma lo mthungo uvala ngokushesha kangaka, ukhakhayi lulahlekelwa ikhono lalo lokukhula kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Kodwa ubuchopho buyaqhubeka nokukhula. Khona-ke ukhakhayi kufanele lukhule ngobude kuphela. Yingakho ikhanda liba nesimo eside, esincane. Lifana nesimo sesikebhe, noma njengeqanda elijikisiwe ohlangothini lwalo. Lingase libe banzi kancane ngaphambili, futhi libe lincane ngasemuva, njengesihloko esiyindilinga.

Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wengane ukuze ubuchopho bukhule kahle.

Ingabe lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-scaphocephaly siyingozi?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yingozi . Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, lapho amathambo ekhanda lomntwana ehlangana ngokushesha okukhulu, ikhanda alikwazi ukukhula nhlangothi zombili. Kodwa ubuchopho buyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kwenzekani-ke? Ukucindezeleka ebuchosheni kuqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kwekhanda. Uma lokhu kucindezeleka kuqhubeka, kungathinta ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana kanye nokukhula okuphelele. Ngakho-ke, uma lokhu kungelashwa ngesikhathi, kungenzeka kube nezinkinga ngokukhula nokukhula komntwana.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Kuyini i-scaphocephaly?I-craniosynostosis yisimo esingeseqembu elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi i-craniosynostosis. Kalula nje, i-craniosynostosis ukuvalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwe-suture eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ekhanda. Ngokwezibalo e-United States, kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-craniosynostosis ithinta cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-2,500 ezizalwa ziphila.

Kulezi zinhlobo ze-craniosynostosis, i-scaphocephaly (Sagittal Craniosynostosis) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Cishe u-53% kuya ku-60% wabo bonke abantwana abane-craniosynostosis bahlushwa yilesi simo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kangako.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo se-scaphocephaly?

Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuthi ikhanda lomntwana limile ngendlela engajwayelekile . Njengoba umntwana ekhula, lolu shintsho esimweni luba sobala kakhulu. Ungase uqaphele unqenqema phezulu kwekhanda lomntwana lapho imithungo ivaliwe khona. Ngokuvamile, ikhanda lomntwana linendawo ethambile ebizwa ngokuthi i-fontanelle , kodwa esikhundleni salokho, kukhona unqenqema olufana nalolu.

Ikhanda lengane yakho aliyindilinga njengoba ubungalindela. Kunalokho, uma ulibuka phezulu, lincane futhi lide . Lifana nesimo seqanda. Ubuso bengane bungaba yindilinga, kodwa njengoba izinhlangothi zekhanda zibuyela emuva, liba lide futhi lincane.

Cabanga nje, abanye omama baqala ukubona lo mehluko lapho begeza izingane zabo futhi bethinta ikhanda labo. Bangase bacabange, "O, ingabe ingxenye ephezulu yekhanda lomntwana wami ayibukeki iphakeme kancane kunomzimba wonke? Kuzwakala kungavamile nokuthintwa."

Kungani kwenzeka i-scaphocephaly? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Scaphocephaly iyenzeka, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ngoba umthungo we-sagittal ekhanda lomntwana uvaleka kusenesikhathi. Ingane iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngisho nangemva kokuba lo mthungo uvalekile. Yingakho ikhanda linesimo esingavamile.

Akukacaci ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani lo mthungo uvaleka ngokushesha kangaka, kodwa ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izici zemvelo nezakhi zofuzo zingadlala indima.

Kukhona ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo (izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo / izinguquko) odokotela abakubonile njengokuhlotshaniswa nesimo se-scaphocephaly. Isibonelo:

• `SMAD6`
• `I-TWIST1`
• `TCF12`
• `I-ERF`
• `MSX2`

Kodwa akuzona zonke izimo ze-scaphocephaly ezizuzwa njengefa kubazali bengane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinguquko zofuzo zingenzeka ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Uma sikhuluma nje, cishe yi-10% kuphela yezingane ezine-scaphocephaly ezinembangela ecacile yofuzo.

Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi i-scaphocephaly ingenzeka njengophawu lwesinye isimo esiyisisekelo sezakhi zofuzo .

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-scaphocephaly?

Kwezinye izimo, ingane ingaba sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-scaphocephaly. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinjalo eziyingozi:

• Umama kungenzeka ukuthi uphuze imithi ethile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njenge-valproic acid (umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifana nesifo sokuwa).
• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Uyise wengane uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutholakale ukuthi abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-scaphocephaly kunabesifazane.

Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona yesikhathi eside uma ingelashwa?

Uma i-scaphocephaly inzima noma ingelashwanga kahle , ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda lomntwana (ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwekhanda) inganda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuchopho buyaqhubeka nokukhula yize ikhanda livaliwe. Lokhu kucindezela okwandisiwe kungalimaza ubuchopho bomntwana. Kungabangela nezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula: Izinto ezifana nokukhuluma, ukuhamba, kanye nokukhasa zingase zilibaleke.
• Ukuquleka: Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi " ukuquleka ".
• Izinkinga zokubona.

Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uvame ukuxilonga i-scaphocephaly lapho ezalwa, noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile emtholampilo wengane ephilile . Lapho ehlola umntwana, udokotela uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuma kobuso nekhanda lomntwana.
• Bazwa ingxenye ephezulu yekhanda, lapho kwakukhona khona umthungo we-sagittal. Babheka ukuthi kukhona yini iqhubu eliphakanyisiwe lapho, esikhundleni sokuthamba okuvamile.
• Ikhanda lomntwana liyalinganiswa. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ubucayi besimo.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwesithombe sogebhezi nakho kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray (i-X-ray)
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI
• Ukuskena kwe-CT

Lezi zivivinyo zinganikeza isithombe esicacile samathambo kanye nemithungo yekhanda.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yami nayo ine-scaphocephaly?

Abazali abaningi baqala ukusola lokhu uma bebona, "O, ikhanda lomntwana wami aliyindilinga." Leso ngokuvamile yisibonakaliso sokuqala salesi simo. Uma uzwa ikhanda lomntwana wakho futhi uqaphela ukuthi akukho ndawo ethambile (i-fontanelle) ngaphandle kweqhubu eliphakanyisiwe , lokho kungaba olunye uphawu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unokungabaza okuncane noma uzizwa into engavamile ngesimo sekhanda lengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngakho ngokushesha.Ungesabi, cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho.

Iphathwa kanjani i-scaphocephaly?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-scaphocephaly ukuhlinzwa . Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa imithungo ehlanganiswe ngokushesha, noma kwezinye izimo, ukwakha kabusha ugebhezi lomntwana. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphumelela kakhulu ekubuyiseleni isimo sekhanda lomntwana nokuvumela ubuchopho ukuba bukhule kahle. Udokotela uvame ukuncoma lokhu kuhlinzwa lapho umntwana ephakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 nezi-6 ubudala .

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ingane yakho idinga ukuhlinzwa yini. Lesi sinqumo ngokuvamile sincike ezintweni ezifana nalezi:

• Izimpawu noma izinkinga zengane.
• Ukuma kwekhanda lengane kanye nokukhathazeka kwabazali ngayo.
• Ubunzima besimo (Kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu). Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba kuncane noma kube kubi kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-scaphocephaly

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-scaphocephaly:

1. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-strip craniectomy (noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic): Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okungenasidingo kangako . Okusho ukuthi, kwenziwa ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu, kodwa ngokusikwa okubili okuncane, kusetshenziswa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope enekhamera. Ngalokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa umucu wethambo ohlanganisa umthungo we-sagittal ovaleke ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi, imicu embalwa emincane yethambo ingasuswa nasezinhlangothini zekhanda ukuze kusizwe ubuchopho bukhule.

2. Ukuhlinzwa okusiza entwasahlobo: Lokhu kufana nokuhlinzwa kwe-craniectomy. Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ucezu lwethambo ekhanda lomntwana bese efaka uchungechunge lweziphethu ezikhethekile zensimbi esikhaleni. Lezi ziphethu zandisa kancane kancane igebe ekhanda lobuchopho njengoba ubuchopho bukhula.

3. Ukulungiswa kwe-cranial vault (ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile): Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza izimbobo ekhanda lomntwana futhi asuse ama-suture ekhanda. Ngemuva kwalokho, amathambo ekhanda ayashintshwa futhi axhunywe kabusha kusetshenziswa amapuleti akhethekile, izikulufo, ama-suture , futhi ngezinye izikhathi ama-graft ethambo . Lokhu kungalungisa kakhulu ukuma kwekhanda.

Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenziwayo, ingane kungadingeka igqoke isigqoko sezokwelapha esikhethekile izinyanga eziningana noma ngisho nonyaka . Lesi sigqoko sisiza ekuqondiseni ugebhezi ukuthi lukhule lube nesimo esifanele.

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-scaphocephaly?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungaba nezingozi ezithile. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• I-Air embolism (amabhamuza omoya angena egazini lomntwana)
• Ukungalingani, ukukhubazeka kwamathambo noma ukungalingani kwamathambo ekhanda
• Ukopha (ukuphuma kwenxeba), ukopha ngokweqile (kungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi)
• Ukuvuza koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal
• Ukutheleleka
• Ihlule legazi `(Embolism)`
• Ukuqoqwa kwegazi `(Hematoma)`
• Isidingo sokuhlinzwa kwesibili
• Ukuquleka

Nakuba lezi zinkinga zingavamile kakhulu , ngezinye izikhathi zingaba yingozi empilweni futhi ziholele ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Izingozi ziphakeme kancane ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kunangokuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wengane yakho uzokuchazela zonke lezi zingozi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lokuhlinzwa lengane yakho liqeqeshwe kakhulu futhi linolwazi kulezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa. Bazoqikelela kakhulu ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha kwengane yakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ikhanda lengane yakho aliyindilinga, tshela udokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha . Futhi, uma ingane yakho ingafinyeleli izigaba zokukhula (isibonelo, uma yephuza ukusho amazwi okuqala, ikhasa, noma isukuma), bona udokotela.

Uma ulindele omunye umntwana, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelulekwa ngofuzo . Umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo angahlola izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezihambisana nalesi simo. Lokhu kungakusiza uqonde ingozi yakho yokuthola omunye umntwana one-scaphocephaly.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma ingane yakho ine-scaphocephaly, ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ingane yami idinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa?
• Ngingayinakekela kanjani ingane yami ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngizazi ngokukhethekile?

Iyini inhloso ye-scaphocephaly?

I-Scaphocephaly ayithuthuki ngokwayo . Iningi lezingane ezidinga ukuhlinzwa ziyenza phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphumelela kakhulu ekubuyiseleni isimo sekhanda lengane. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangokuhlinzwa, ezinye izingane zingase zibe nokulibaziseka kokukhula .

Ngokuthola lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ungafinyelela imiphumela engcono enganeni yakho.

Njengoba ingane ikhula, udokotela kufanele aqhubeke nokuqapha ikhanda lengane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi liyakhula njengoba kulindelekile.

Izinsizakalo zokungenelela kusenesikhathi ziyatholakala ukusiza ingane yakho ngokufunda kanye nemisebenzi yansuku zonke. Lezi zinhlelo zifaka phakathi ukwelashwa kokukhuluma , ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanyeUngathola izinsizakalo ezahlukene zokusekela ezifana.

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuthola ukuthi ikhanda lengane yakho limile ngendlela engajwayelekile akuyona into ejabulisayo. Kuvamile ukuba nemicabango efana nokuthi, "Ingabe ingane yami kuzodingeka ihlinzwe? Lizoba njani ikusasa layo?" Ngisho noma ukuhlinzwa kungenzeka, imiphumela ivame ukuba mihle. Kusiza ikhanda nobuchopho bengane kukhule kahle.

Unyaka wokuqala wengane yakho ungase ungafani nowabanye abantwana. Isibonelo, kungase kudingeke iye kudokotela kaningi, noma kungase kudingeke igqoke isigqoko esikhethekile. Kodwa ungavumeli lokho kumvimbe ekuhlekeni nasekudlaleni. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngesimo sengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bazoba nawe kuzo zonke izinyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iphilile futhi ikhula njengoba kulindelekile.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Ungesabi uma ubona ushintsho esimweni sekhanda, kodwa qaphela: Uma ikhanda lengane yakho liba lide, lincane, noma uma kukhona iqhubu phezulu kwekhanda, kungaba uphawu lwe-scaphocephaly.
• Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha: Uma ungabaza, bona udokotela wengane yakho ukuze akuhlole. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha: Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-scaphocephaly ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwenza ubuchopho bube nendawo futhi kulungisa ukuma kwekhanda.
• Ukuhlinzwa kuyaphumelela, kodwa kudingeka ukuqapha isikhathi eside: Nakuba ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphumelela, intuthuko yengane idinga ukubhekwa eduze. Kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.
• Awuwedwa: Odokotela, abahlengikazi, nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo bakulungele ukukusiza wena nomntanakho ngesikhathi esinjengalesi.

Khumbula, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza ingane yakho uthando, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

` I-Scaphocephaly, i-Sagittal Craniosynostosis, uKhakhayi, Impilo Yomntwana, Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchopho, Ukuhlinzwa, i-Craniosynostosis