Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unobunzima bokuphefumula, uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siyacinana, noma uzizwa uphelelwa amandla uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi noma wenza okuthile okunzima kancane? Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalezi zimpawu. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy'. Ngakho-ke, lapho lesi simo kunzima ukusilawula ngemithi, kukhona ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile odokotela abakutusayo. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Septal Myectomy'.
Kalula nje, kusho ukuthini lokhu kuqina kodonga lwenhliziyo?
Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo kakhulu. Ifana nendlu encane enamakamelo amane. Kunezindawo ezimbili eziphezulu (i-atria) kanye namakamelo amabili aphansi (amakamelo). Amakamelo amabili amakhulu ngaphansi kwalawa, okungukuthi, amakamelo angakwesokudla nakwesobunxele, ahlukaniswe udonga olujiyile phakathi. Lolu donga olwenziwe ngemisipha yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-septum' .
Esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy', imisipha ekule septum ikhula kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani uma udonga oluhlukanisa amakamelo amabili endlini yakho luvuvukala ngokuzumayo futhi lusunduze igumbi elilodwa ngaphakathi. Yilokho okwenzekayo lapha. Lolu donga oluqinile lusunduza ngaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ku- ventricle yesobunxele, igumbi eliyinhloko elipompa igazi emzimbeni.
Ngemuva kwalokho, indlela yegazi eliphuma enhliziyweni iyavalwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile, ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu, ukuze ipompe igazi liye emzimbeni wonke. Yingakho izimpawu esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili, njengokuphelelwa umoya kanye nobuhlungu besifuba, ziqala ukuvela. Lesi simo singazalwa naso kwabanye abantu, noma singakhula kamuva ekuphileni.
Ubani odinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-Septal Myectomy?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo odinga ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqala azame ukulawula izimpawu ngemithi. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyisisombululo esingcono kakhulu.
- Kulabo abangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu ngemithi: Uma izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nesiyezi zingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi, udokotela wakho angase acabangele lokhu kuhlinzwa.
- Kulabo abanodonga lwenhliziyo olujiyile kakhulu (i-septum): Nakuba abanye abantu benezimpawu ezimbalwa, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyanconywa uma i-septum ijiyile kakhulu futhi ibangela ukuvinjelwa okukhulu kokugeleza kwegazi.
- Kwabesifazane abanethemba lokukhulelwa:Uma owesifazane onalesi simo enethemba lokukhulelwa, noma ngabe izimpawu azizimbi kakhulu, lokhu kuhlinzwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyalulekwa. Ngenxa yokuthi ingcindezi enhliziyweni iyanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuphephile ukususa lokhu kuvinjelwa kusenesikhathi.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ahlole kahle isimo senhliziyo yakho. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ngokuphepha nangempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, kungani ukwenza lokho? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Hlola impilo yomzimba jikelele nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ezinye izinkinga. |
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Hlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo bese ufunda ngesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo) | Thatha ividiyo yenhliziyo bese ulinganisa ngokunembile ubukhulu bamakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, kanye nezindonga. |
| I-MRI yenhliziyo | Thatha izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane zenhliziyo bese ukhomba indawo yemisipha ejiyile. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Ithubhu elincane lidlula emthanjeni wegazi liye enhliziyweni ukuze kuhlolwe ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi , udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kuzokusiza kakhulu ukuthi ululame.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Kodwa ngobuchwepheshe banamuhla, lokhu kwenziwa ngempumelelo enkulu futhi ngokuphephile.
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ephelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, futhi uzolala ubuthongo obukhulu.
2. Ukuhlinzwa: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision maphakathi nesifuba, ngethambo lesifuba (sternum) kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo.
3. Umshini Wokwenza Amaphaphu Enhliziyo: Okulandelayo, uzoxhunywa 'kumshini wokwenza amaphaphu enhliziyo'. Lo mshini uzokwenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
4. Ukususwa kwemisipha: Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo usika ngokucophelela futhi asuse ingxenye yemisipha ye-septum esuke ijiyile ngokungadingekile. Lokhu kuvula kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi okuvinjiwe.
5. Isiphetho: Bese unqanyulwa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu, i-sternum yakho ibekwa kabusha, bese ukusika kwesifuba kuvalwa ngezitishi ezincibilikayo.
Lonke lolu hlinzo luvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwamane .
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzongeniswa ngqo e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Lapho, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazoqapha isimo sakho ngokucophelela. Ungase ube ne-catheter yomchamo noma i-drain yesifuba endaweni yayo usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, kodwa ungakhathazeki ngazo.
Ezinsukwini ezingaba zimbili, ngosizo lochwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba, kufanele ukwazi ukuvuka embhedeni uqale ukuhambahamba kancane. Iningi labantu lihlala esibhedlela isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu . Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathele isikhashana ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Uzophinde uthole amandla akho ajwayelekile phakathi namasonto ambalwa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezincane kakhulu.
| Izinzuzo eziyinhloko | Izingozi Ezingaba Khona |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba (i-Angina) kanye nokuphelelwa umoya (i-Dyspnea) cishe ziyanyamalala ngokuphelele. | Ukuqongelela koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo noma amaphaphu. |
| Ukukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kokukhathaza inhliziyo. | I-Atrial fibrillation (ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo). |
| Ikhono lokuphila njengomuntu ojwayelekile, onempilo impilo yonke. | Ukuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo (ukuvimba kwenhliziyo). |
Lezi zingozi azisebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu. Ikakhulukazi, ingozi inganda kancane kubantu abanezinye izifo zenhliziyo, ababhemayo, kanye nalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kodwa-ke, i-Septal Myectomy iwukuhlinzwa okunezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lempumelelo (ngaphezu kuka-94%).
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukushayela udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu zezinkinga.
- Izinkinga ezihlobene nenxeba: Uma indawo ezungeze inxeba lokuhlinzwa ibomvu kakhulu, ivuvukele, noma ifudumele.
- Umkhuhlane: Uma unemfiva engaphezu kuka-38 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) ku-thermometer.
- Ukwanda kwesisindo: Uma isisindo sakho sikhuphuka ngokuzumayo ngaphezu kwama-2.5 kg (5 lbs) phakathi nesonto (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa koketshezi).
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini efana nale, ungesabi, kodwa yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-'Septal Myectomy' iwukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile okwenziwa nge-'Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy', isifo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iqina khona.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abanezimpawu ezingenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi.
- Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa izicubu zemisipha ezijiyile ezivimba ukuhamba kwegazi enhliziyweni.
- Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuphumelele kakhulu, futhi kukhona impumuzo enkulu ezimpawini ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, imiphumela mihle kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
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