Uma udokotela ekutshela noma othile omaziyo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile, okunye kokwesaba okukhulu okufika engqondweni ukuthi, "Ingabe isifuba sami sizovulwa?" Kwenzekani ngempela kulokhu? Igama lezokwelapha lalokhu "ukuvulwa kwesifuba" lithi "i-Sternotomy." Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama, alethusi njengoba ucabanga. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula, kusukela ku-A kuya ku-Z.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Sternotomy?
I-sternotomy inqubo ehlukanisa ithambo eliyisicaba eliphakathi kwesifuba sakho, i-sternum (ithambo lesifuba), okwesikhashana ukuze lihlinzwe. Cabanga ngale ndlela: i-sternum nezimbambo zikhona ukuvikela izitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo namaphaphu esifubeni sethu. Kufana nesisefo esigcina izinto eziyigugu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho inkinga yenhliziyo (njengomthambo wegazi ovalekile oholela enhliziyweni) idinga ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo kudingeka abe nokufinyelela okuhle enhliziyweni. Ngaleso sikhathi, leli thambo lesifuba elivikelayo lisikwa ngokucophelela phakathi bese lihlukaniswa kabili ukuze kudalwe indlela eya enhliziyweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-'Sternotomy'.
Njengoba nje uhlaka lomnyango lususwa okwesikhashana bese lunamathiselwa kabusha ukuze kuvunyelwe into enkulu ukuthi ingene endlini, leli thambo lesifuba lihlukaniswa kabili okwesikhashana bese linamathiselwa kabusha ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze odokotela abahlinzayo bakwazi ukufinyelela inhliziyo yakho kalula.
Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni sokusika ngokuphelele i-sternum, kwenziwa ukusika okuncane (cishe amasentimitha angu-2-3). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-'mini-sternumotomy'.
Ingabe i-sternotomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu?
Yebo, lokhu kubhekwa njengokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi kuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-8, noma cishe izinyanga ezimbili, ukuthi i-sternum ilulame ngokuphelele. Futhi, i-sternotomy ivame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile, okusho ukuthi ilungiselela indlela yokuhlinzwa okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile, ngakho-ke uma wenza lokhu kuhlinzwa kokubili ndawonye, kuba ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuvamile kakhulu futhi okuphumelelayo okwenziwa odokotela abahlinza inhliziyo emhlabeni wonke.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa? Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba lapho ucabanga ngokuhlinzwa okunje. Kodwa lokho kwesaba kuncipha kakhulu uma wazi kahle ukuthi kuzokwenzekani. Nansi indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
| Izinyathelo | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukulungiselela | Uzolaliswa ngokuphelele, ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ngemuva kwalokho, isikhumba esifubeni sakho sizohlanzwa kahle futhi izinwele zisuswe uma kudingeka. |
| 2. Ukusikwa kwesikhumba | Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusika okungamasentimitha angu-6 esikhumbeni sesifuba sakho, kusukela phakathi kwamathambo akho entanyeni kuya phansi. |
| 3. Ukusikwa kwe-Sternum | Kusetshenziswa isaha ekhethekile yezokwelapha (`isaha elingemuva`), ithambo lesifuba lihlukaniswa kabili ngokucophelela nangokunembile phakathi nendawo. |
| 4. Ukwenzela inhliziyo isikhala | Kufakwa idivayisi ekhethekile ("i-retractor") bese kuthi izingcezu ezimbili zamathambo ezihlukene zihanjiswe ezinhlangothini, kwakheka isikhala ukuze inhliziyo ibonakale kahle. |
| 5. Ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma isitho esihlobene (isib. ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, ukushintshwa kwe-valve). |
| 6. Ukufakwa kabusha kwe-sternum | Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, i-sternum ehlukanisiwe iyahlanganiswa futhi iqiniswe ngezintambo zensimbi engagqwali ezingaba ngu-8 kuya ku-12 (izintambo ze-sternotomy). |
| 7. Ukuthunga inxeba | Ekugcineni, izicubu zangaphakathi nesikhumba kuyathungwa, inxeba liyavalwa, bese kufakwa amafutha okugcoba ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. |
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale egunjini lokunakekela abagula kakhulu esibhedlela (ICU) izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa egunjini elivamile.
Isikhathi sokululama nezinto okufanele uziqaphele
- Isikhathi sokutakula:Kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukuthi i-sternum iphole ngokuphelele. Udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ubuhlungu: Kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangalawula ubuhlungu ngamaphilisi obuhlungu alula njenge-'Paracetamol'. Uma unobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, tshela udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi.
- Ukuphakamisa izinsimbi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu . Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala, ungaphakamisi ngaphezu kuka-4-5 kg . Kalula nje, akukuhle ukuphakamisa ubisi olungaphezu kuka-4-5 amalitha.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa izandla zakho: Uma uphakamisa okuthile, sebenzisa zombili izandla. Futhi, phakamisa ngezandla zombili eduze komzimba wakho. Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ngesandla esisodwa noma ukusunduza iminyango.
- Ukukhwehlela Nokuthimula: Uma ukhwehlela, uthimula, noma uhleka, beka umcamelo noma ingalo egoqiwe esifubeni sakho. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingcindezi esifubeni sakho futhi kunciphise ubuhlungu.
- Ukushayela: Ngokuvamile uzokwazi ukushayela futhi cishe ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili, kodwa kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuze uqiniseke.
Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokuthi kufanele ubonane nodokotela
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka isilonda sakho nomzimba wakho. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha , noma uye esibhedlela lapho uthole khona ukwelashwa.
- Ushintsho lwethambo lesifuba: Uma uzizwa sengathi ithambo lakho lesifuba liyanyakaza, noma uma uzwa noma uzwa umsindo othi 'chofoza' noma 'chofoza'.
- Ubuhlungu obandayo: Ubuhlungu kufanele bunciphe kancane kancane njengoba inxeba liphola. Kodwa uma ubuhlungu bukhula ngokuzumayo.
- Ukugeleza kwamanzi esilondeni: Uma isilonda siphuma uketshezi oluphuzi, oluluhlaza okotshani, noma olunuka kabi.
- Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu: Uma indawo ezungeze isilonda ibomvu kakhulu, ivuvukele, futhi izwakala ishisa uma uyithinta.
- Umkhuhlane: Uma kukhona umkhuhlane emzimbeni.
Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi inxeba lithelelekile noma ithambo aliphili kahle. Ngakho ungazinaki.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-sternotomy kuyindlela evamile kakhulu futhi ephephile esetshenziselwa ukuvula isikhala sokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Ungesabi.
- Kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukuthi i-sternum ephukile iphole. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukukhandleka umzimba wakho nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi nokuvikela isifuba sakho.
- Uma inxeba liba buhlungu, lenza umsindo ongavamile, noma linezimpawu ezifana nokuphuma kobomvu kulo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalokhu kuhlinzwa, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Kuyilungelo lakho.
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