Konke mayelana ne-stethoscope kulula! Udokotela ukulalelani?

Uma uya kudokotela, noma esibhedlela, into eyodwa ozoyibona ngokuqinisekile yileso sisetshenziswa esincane esizungeze intamo kadokotela noma etafuleni. Yebo, yebo, leso osibeka endlebeni yakho kanye nesinye isiphetho esifubeni sakho noma emhlane bese usilalela. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-stethoscope . Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange, "Yini le nto encane oyilalele?" Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi iyithuluzi elilula, iyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu elingasiza udokotela ukuthola ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho. Namuhla, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngale stethoscope.

Iyini i-stethoscope? Yenzani?

Kalula nje, i-stethoscope iyithuluzi elisetshenziswa ochwepheshe bezempilo njengodokotela nabahlengikazi ukulalela imisindo evela emzimbeni wakho . Le misindo ingakunikeza umbono wempilo yakho, ikakhulukazi ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani, ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle yini, nokuthi igazi ligeleza ngendlela evamile yini emithanjeni yakho yegazi .

Uma uya kudokotela, cishe uke wambona udokotela ethatha i-stethoscope wabeka leyo ngxenye encane eyindilinga esifubeni sakho, emhlane, esiswini bese ubheka izindawo ezahlukene. Utshelwa ukuthi uphefumule kancane bese uphefumula kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela uvele avume ngekhanda bese eqhubekela esivivinyweni esilandelayo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma bebona ushintsho oluncane, bangase baphenye kabanzi.

Kwezokwelapha, ukulalela imisindo ngaphakathi emzimbeni kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Auscultation ." Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko we-stethoscope.

Yini udokotela ayilalelayo ngale stethoscope?

Imizimba yethu yenza imisindo ehlukene ngaso sonke isikhathi. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho ishaya njengomsindo othi "lub-dub". Lena imisindo evamile. Kodwa kuneminye imisindo engavamile. Uma uzwa imisindo engavamile kangaka, kusho ukuthi kungase kube nenkinga edinga ukunakwa, futhi mhlawumbe nokwelashwa.

Nge-stethoscope, udokotela angezwa kakhulu:

• Imisindo yenhliziyo: Ngaphezu kwesigqi nesivinini senhliziyo, ungase uzwe nemisindo engavamile efana nokuthi "Inhliziyo Ikhononda." Lokhu kukhononda kuyimisindo ebangelwa izinkinga ngama-valve enhliziyo noma izinguquko endleleni igazi eligeleza ngayo.
• Imisindo yamaphaphu: Imisindo oyikhiphayo uma uphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwemisindo evamile yokuphefumula, ungase uzwe nemisindo engavamile efana nokuthi ``Ukuphefumula`` (umsindo wokushaya ikhwela uma uphefumula, ozwakala ezimweni ezifana ne-asthma) kanye no-``Stridor`` (umsindo ophakeme, onzima uma uphefumula ngaphakathi).
• Imisindo yamathumbu: Amathumbu akho enza imisindo uma esebenza. Ngezinye izikhathi, wenza imisindo uma ulambile, akunjalo? Futhi, kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imisindo evela emathunjini akho ingashintsha. Isibonelo, ingenza imisindo eminingi (ukukhononda) noma imisindo ephezulu (imisindo ephezulu).
• Imisindo yemithambo yegazi:Ungawuzwa umsindo wegazi ogeleza ngemithambo ye-carotid, ikakhulukazi entanyeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma imithambo incishisiwe, umsindo ongajwayelekile (`(Carotid Bruit)`) ungezwakala njengoba igazi ligeleza kuyo.

Okubalulekile: Udokotela akakwazi ukukutshela ngokushesha ukuthi inkinga iyini noma ukuthi ingathi sína kangakanani uma ezwa umsindo ongavamile kanje. Kodwa-ke, kukunikeza umbono wokuthi kukhona okungahambanga kahle. Kulapho-ke kuphela, uma kudingeka, lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile futhi kuhlelwe ukwelashwa. Ngamanye amazwi, i-stethoscope iyisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwesifo . Kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona yodwa isinyathelo.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-stethoscope?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-stethoscopes udokotela azisebenzisayo.

I-Stethoscope Yendabuko (I-Stethoscope Efanayo)

Lolu uhlobo oluye lwabonwa iningi lethu futhi olusetshenziswa odokotela abaningi. Lubizwa nangokuthi i-stethoscope yakudala . Luyindlela evivinywe isikhathi eside futhi ephumelelayo yokulalela imisindo emzimbeni.

Awekho amadivayisi kagesi noma edijithali ahilelekile. Umsindo uvela ngqo emzimbeni wakho bese uhamba ngamapayipi aguquguqukayo uye endlebeni kadokotela. Udokotela ulalela umsindo bese enquma ukuthi kwenzekani.

Kukhona futhi ukuhlukahluka okuthile kulezi zi-stethoscope zendabuko. Isibonelo, kunezi-stethoscope zezingane ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa yizingane ezincane futhi ezinezingxenye ezincane.

I-Stethoscope ye-elekthronikhi

Lolu uhlobo lwe-stethoscope oluthuthuke kancane. Luklanyelwe ukuzwa imisindo emzimbeni ngokucacile nangokuzwakalayo . Okusho ukuthi, lukhulisa umsindo. Eminye imisindo ezwakala kancane, isibonelo, eminye ethi "Heart Murmurs", ingaqondwa kalula ngalokhu.

Futhi, le stethoscope inobuchwepheshe obunciphisa umsindo wangemuva, ngakho udokotela angazwa kuphela imisindo afuna ukuyizwa ngokucacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungaqopha umsindo bese uwulalela kamuva noma wabelane ngawo nomunye udokotela.

I-Stethoscope Yedijithali

Lesi yi-stethoscope enobuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu. Ingabamba nemisindo ethambile ngokucacile futhi isuse umsindo ongadingekile. Njenge-stethoscope kagesi, ingaqopha nemisindo.

Kodwa okukhethekile ngalokhu ukuthi kungaguqula imisindo ezwakalayo kuyo ibe idatha ebonakalayo, njengamagrafu . Ngaleyo ndlela, udokotela angaqonda kangcono ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Futhi, le datha ingathunyelwa kumakhompyutha noma kwamanye amadivayisi futhi ihlaziywe ngesofthiwe ekhethekile ukuze ufunde kabanzi. Futhi, le datha ingabiwa nabanye odokotela bakho futhi ikusize ekuhleleni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Esikhathini esizayo, odokotela abaningi cishe bazosebenzisa lawa ma-stethoscope e-elekthronikhi nawedijithali. Okwamanje, ama-stethoscope endabuko yiwona asetshenziswa kakhulu futhi asakwazi ukunikeza udokotela ulwazi olubalulekile.

Isebenza kanjani le stethoscope encane?

I-stethoscope isebenza ngokuthatha imisindo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho bese iyithumela ngepayipi elingenalutho endlebeni kadokotela. Isayensi yomsindo iyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ngamazwi alula, lapho okuthile kuhamba ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, kudala ukudlidliza. Lokhu kudlidliza kubangela ukuthi izinhlayiya endaweni ezungezile zishayisane, zidale amaza omsindo . Amapayipi aku-stethoscope afana nomhubhe othwala la maza omsindo.

Uma indlebe kadokotela ithola la maza omsindo, ahunyushwa abe yimisindo eqondakalayo - isibonelo, umsindo othi "whoosh" wokububula kwenhliziyo noma ikhwela eliphakeme le-stridor.

Ukuze konke lokhu kwenzeke, izingxenye ezahlukene ze-stethoscope zisebenza ndawonye.

Yiziphi izingxenye ze-stethoscope?

I-stethoscope yendabuko (efanayo) inezingxenye ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:

• Ingxenye yesifuba:

Lena yingxenye udokotela ayibeka ngobumnene esikhumbeni sakho (ngokuvamile esifubeni sakho, kodwa nasemhlane wakho, esiswini, nasentanyeni). Yenziwe ngensimbi nepulasitiki. Njengohlamvu lwemali, lesi siqephu sesifuba sivame ukuba nezinhlangothi ezimbili: i-diaphragm kanye nensimbi . Udokotela angazihambisa lezi ezimbili emuva naphambili ukuze ezwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisindo.

• I-Diaphragm: Lena ingxenye eyisicaba, eyindilinga. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuzwa imisindo ephezulu (isib. imisindo yokuphefumula, eminye imisindo yamathumbu, eminye imisindo yenhliziyo).
• Insimbi: Lena ingxenye encane, efana nendebe egobile. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuzwa imisindo ephansi (isib., eminye imisindo yenhliziyo, eminye imisindo yenhliziyo, eminye imisindo yemithambo yegazi).

Induku encane yensimbi (isiqu) iphuma kulesi siqephu sesifuba bese ixhuma epayipini.

• Ukufaka amapayipi:

Leli yipayipi eligobile, eliguquguqukayo. Yilokhu okuhambisa umsindo usuka esicutshini sesifuba uye endlebeni kadokotela. Lawa mapayipi nawo ayahlukahluka ngokwakhiwa kwawo, kodwa ngokuvamile ipayipi elilodwa livela esicutshini sesifuba, lihambe ibanga elifushane, bese lihlukana libe amapayipi amabili ngesimo sika-Y. Lawa mapayipi amabili aguquguqukayo axhunywe kumapayipi endlebe ensimbi.

• Amapayipi endlebe:

Lena yindlela umsindo oya ngayo ngqo endlebeni kadokotela. Kunezimbobo ezimbili zensimbi, eyodwa yendlebe ngayinye. Kukhona ukungezwani okuncane phakathi kwalezi. Udokotela angasondeza lezi zimbobo ezimbili ndawonye noma aqhelelane ukuze zivumelane nobuso bakhe. Imbobo ngayinye yendlebe inesiphetho esincane esithambile ekugcineni (njengezimbobo zendlebe ozisebenzisayo ukulalela umculo). Lezi zimbobo zendlebe zifakwa ngokuqinile endlebeni kadokotela.

Ama-stethoscope e-elekthronikhi nawedijithali analezi zingxenye ezifanayo eziyisisekelo. Ungase ungezwa umehluko omkhulu lapho udokotela ekuxilonga ngazo. Kodwa la ma-stethoscope athuthukile anamadivayisi ezobuchwepheshe engeziwe akhulisa umsindo futhi enze izinto ezifana nokuwuqopha.

Ubani owasungula i-stethoscope?

I-stethoscope yasungulwa okokuqala ngo-1816 ngudokotela waseFrance ogama lakhe linguRené Laennec . Kodwa ithuluzi alisungula - ithubhu elula yokhuni - lalihluke kakhulu kune-stethoscope udokotela wakho ayisebenzisayo namuhla. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanye odokotela abaningana bathuthuke ekwakhiweni kwayo. Umklamo oyisisekelo we-stethoscope esiyibona namuhla wathuthukiswa ngawo-1960 ngudokotela waseMelika ogama lakhe linguDavid Littmann .

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyifunde kulokhu

Uma wesaba ukuya kudokotela, noma ulinde izindaba ngomuntu omthandayo ngokukhathazeka, cishe awucabangi kakhulu ngemishini esetshenziswa odokotela. Futhi cishe awunandaba ukuthi leyo mishini isebenza kanjani - inqobo nje uma isebenza.

Kodwa, ukwazi okuncane ngedivayisi efana ne-stethoscope kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe bukadokotela kungadlala indima enamandla kangakanani ekuvikeleni impilo yakho . Kuyamangalisa ukucabanga ngokuthi isayensi kanye nenani elingakanani elifakwe kule divayisi encane, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esizayo udokotela ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho, ngithemba ukuthi uyazikhumbula lezi zinto!

I- Stethoscope, imishini yezokwelapha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, imisindo yamaphaphu, ukuxilongwa, ukulalela imisindo, imisindo yomzimba