Ingabe umthambo wakho othwala igazi usuka engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wakho uye enhliziyweni uvaliwe? Ake sifunde nge-Superior Vena Cava Syndrome!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya, ubuso bakho, intamo, noma izandla zizwakala zivuvukele? Noma uyayibona imithambo evuvukele entanyeni noma esifubeni sakho? Kungcono ukungakhathazeki kakhulu ngalokhu, akunjalo? Ngoba lokhu kungaba izimpawu zenkinga yomthambo wegazi omkhulu esifubeni sakho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye isimo esinjalo, esibizwa ngokuthi "Superior Vena Cava Syndrome" noma "SVCS". Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.

Ngakho-ke, iyini le `(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)`?

Kalula nje, `(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)` iqoqo lezimpawu ezenzeka lapho kukhona ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi esifubeni sethu. Lo mthambo wegazi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Superior Vena Cava)`. Cabanga ngakho njengomgwaqo othwala igazi elisetshenzisiwe, elingenawo umoya-mpilo ovela engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wethu - okungukuthi, kusuka ezindaweni ezifana nekhanda, intamo, izingalo, kanye nesifuba esingaphezulu - libuyela enhliziyweni.

Manje, kwenzekani uma, ngesizathu esithile - kungaba yithumba elikhula emzimbeni, noma kungaba yihlule legazi - lo mthambo wegazi ucindezelwa noma uvalwe ngaphakathi? Yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Igazi alikwazi ukufika enhliziyweni bese libhajwa ngaphakathi kwalowo mthambo, ligcwale.

Kodwa imizimba yethu nayo iklanywe ngendlela emangalisayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, njengalapho kukhona ukuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni, izimoto ziyaphambuka, futhi elinye lala gazi elivinjiwe lizama ukusebenzisa eminye imithambo emincane eseduze ukuze lifike enhliziyweni. Ngale ndlela, igazi lingageleza liye enhliziyweni ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuvinjelwa kwenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kukhulu kakhulu , kungabangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokugeleza kwegazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube yingozi empilweni .

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zalokhu?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-"Superior Vena Cava Syndrome". Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zihlukaniswe ngokwembangela yezimpawu:

1. I-Malignant SVC syndrome: Lesi yisimo esibangelwa umdlavuza . Isibonelo, isimila singacindezela umthambo omkhulu wegazi, sivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi. Cishe abantu abayi-7 kwabayi-10 abane-SVC syndrome (70%) banalolu hlobo.

2. I-Benign SVC syndrome: Lokhu akubangelwa umdlavuza . Kungabangelwa ezinye izimo zempilo. Cishe abantu abathathu kwabayi-10 (30%) bazobhekana nalolu hlobo.

Zingaba yini izimpawu zalokhu?

Uma unesifo se-SVC, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu. Ezinye zalezi zimpawu ziqala ukubonakala, ngakho-ke kufanele uzinake ngokukhethekile.

• Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala ebusweni bakho, entanyeni, esifubeni esingaphezulu, kanye/noma ezandleni. Lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala oluvelayo .
• Imithambo ebonakalayo: Imithambo entanyeni noma esifubeni iqala ukubonakala ikhukhumele futhi ivulekile. Lokhu futhiIsibonakaliso esingabonakala kuqala .
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukuhosha kwezwi, ushintsho.
• Ukucasuka noma ukuquleka.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zande uma ulala . Qaphela nalokho futhi.

Kungani lolu hlobo lwe-`(SVC Syndrome)` luvela? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ake sibone manje ukuthi yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko ezingathinta lesi simo.

Izimbangela Ezimbi Zomdlavuza

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umdlavuza uyimbangela enkulu ye-SVC syndrome. Lezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza ikakhulukazi zingathinta:

• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu: Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu .
• Umdlavuza wama-lymph node, isibonelo `(i-Lymphoma)`.
• Uma umdlavuza webele ususakazeke futhi wathinta ama-lymph node ku-mediastinum yakho.
• I-Mesothelioma (Lona umdlavuza ovame ukuvela olwelwesini olumboza amaphaphu).
• I-Thymoma (umdlavuza we-thymus gland).

Ezinye izimbangela ezingezona ezomdlavuza (Izimbangela Ezingembi)

Lesi simo singaba khona ngaphandle komdlavuza. Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizimbangela ezingaba khona:

• Amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakwe: Lena imbangela evame kakhulu engeyona umdlavuza.
• Cabanga ngezinto ezinjengamapayipi amancane (ama-catheter) afakwa emizimbeni yethu ukuze elaphe izimo ezithile zezokwelapha (isb., ama-catheter emithambo yegazi ephakathi), ama-pacemaker asiza ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, ama-defibrillator, kanye nama-catheter e-hemodialysis asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza igazi leziguli zezinso.
• Uma izintambo noma ama-catheter ala madivayisi engaphakathi kwe-Superior Vena Cava, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nokungqubuzana noma ingcindezi odongeni lwalowo mthambo. Bese kuba khona ukuvuvukala , izicubu zesilonda , noma ihlule legazi . Lokhu kungavimba umthambo.
• Kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula: Akuwona wonke umuntu onedivayisi efana nale efakwe emzimbeni wakhe ozoba ne-SVC syndrome. Ingozi incike ezicini ezifana nohlobo lwedivayisi esetshenziswayo nokuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani emthanjeni.
• Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• I-Goiter.
• Izifo ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo i-syphilis noma isifo sofuba.
• Izimila ezingezona umdlavuza.
• Izifo ezifana ne-`(Sarcoidosis)`.
• Izicubu zezibazi ezakheka ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe, noma ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, zingavimba umthambo.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu ngqo?

Uma unezimpawu ze-SVC syndrome, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, angase ahlele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa isimo nokuthola imbangela. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, ikakhulukazi, kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi igazi ligeleza kahle yini ngemithambo ye-Superior Vena Cava (SVC) noma uma liphambukile ngenxa yokuvaleka.

Ezinye zezivivinyo ongase ube nazo yilezi:

• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• `(I-CT scan)` (Ukuhlolwa kwe-Computerized Tomography).
• I-Vascular ultrasound (Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubona ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi).
• `(I-Venogram)` (Kulokhu, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile emthanjeni bese kuthathwa izithombe ze-`X-ray` ukuhlola isimo somthambo).

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-SVC syndrome kuncike esibangweni kanye nobukhali bezimpawu zakho . Ukwelashwa okusebenza kumuntu ngamunye kungahluka.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezivamile:

• Ukufakwa kwe-stenting ye-Endovascular: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane eline-mesh (i-`stent`) emthanjeni wegazi ovinjiwe ukuze kugcinwe umthambo uvulekile futhi. Lokhu kubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi.
• Uma imbangela kuyidivayisi yezokwelapha: Uma inkinga ibangelwa idivayisi yezokwelapha efakwe, ingasuswa noma ithathelwe indawo ngefanele.
• Imithi yokuqeda amahlule egazi: Uma ukuvaleka kubangelwa ukuqhekeka kwegazi, imithi ekhethekile (kungaba njengomjovo we-IV noma njengamaphilisi omlomo) inganikezwa ukuze kuncibilikiswe ihlule.
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza: Uma imbangela kungumdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ngamakhemikhali kungasetshenziswa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukuhlinzwa:
• Uma kukhona izimila ezinomdlavuza, zingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
• Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuqondiswe kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi.

Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka ukwelashwa okungaphezu kokukodwa. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unomuzwa wokuthi unesinye noma ngaphezulu sezimpawu ze-`(SVC syndrome)` okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngokushesha . Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela angakuhlola futhi akuthumelele ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuhambisana nezikhathi zokulandelela zikadokotela wakho ngemva kokuthola ukwelashwa. Lezi zikhathi zokulinda yilapho udokotela wakho ezoqhubeka nokuqapha impilo yemithambo yegazi yakho kanye nempumelelo yokwelashwa kwakho.

Kunini lapho udinga khona usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo?

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kusho ukuthi "i-SVC syndrome" isibe sibi kakhulu futhi ingase ibe yingozi empilweni . Esimweni esinjalo , iya esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo njengo-1990 .

• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa yithemba .
• Uma uzwa umsindo ophansi, ophakeme uma uphefumula noma ukhipha umoya.
• Uma ubhekana nezinguquko ekhonweni lakho lokucabanga noma ekuqapheleni okukuzungezile (isib. ukudideka, ukuncipha kokuqwashisa).

Lezi zimpawu ezinzima zingabangelwa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni bakho noma emigudwini yomoya, noma ukungatholi igazi elanele ezithweni zomzimba wakho eziyinhloko. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha!

Ngingaba nethemba elinjani ngokuqhubeka nalesi simo?

Isibikezelo somuntu one-Superior Vena Cava Syndrome singahluka kakhulu. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa imbangela yalesi simo, ubukhulu bezimpawu, kanye nempendulo yokwelashwa .

• Kwezinye izimo, uma imbangela eyisisekelo ye-SVC syndrome iphathwa kahle, lesi simo singalapheka ngokuphelele .
• Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu , lokhu kungaba yingozi.
• Ngokuvamile, abantu abathola i-SVC syndrome ngenxa yezimbangela ezingezona ezomdlavuza (izimbangela ezingezinhle) bavame ukuphila isikhathi eside kunalabo abathola lesi simo ngenxa yomdlavuza (izinhlobo eziyingozi).

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ulwazi olunembile kakhulu ngalokhu, njengoba isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangele i-SVC syndrome singathinta nokuphila kwakho.

Ukubhekana nesimo esinjengalesi kungaba yinto ekucindezelayo kakhulu . Kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele uselashwa umdlavuza, futhi lezi zimpawu ezintsha zingakwenza uzizwe ukhathazekile futhi ukhathazekile ngekusasa lakho. Noma, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nesimo sezokwelapha esikusiza ukuthi usinde, sinikeze ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sakho sinjani, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likhona ukuzokunakekela nokukusiza . Bangachaza imbangela yezimpawu zakho futhi basikisele ukwelashwa okufanele wena. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nabo nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda konke, okuhlanganisa nokuthi ukwelashwa kuzosebenza kanjani nokuthi kufanele ubuye nini ukuzohlolwa okulandelayo.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule yilezi:

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-`(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)`. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ukhumbula lezi zinto:

• I-SVC Syndrome yisimo esidinga ukunakekelwa . Sibangelwa ukuvaleka komthambo omkhulu othwala igazi lisuka engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wethu liye enhliziyweni.
• Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuso, intamo, nezandla, imithambo ebonakalayo entanyeni nasesifubeni, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ukuxilongwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
• Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha lokhu. Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela.
• Ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko ngokuvamile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula noma yokwelapha lesi simo.
• Qaphela izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo (isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, imisindo engavamile lapho uphefumula, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo) futhi funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka isenzakalo esinjalo.
• Khuluma nodokotela ngezinkinga zakho kanye nokwesaba kwakho.

Sifisela impilo enhle!

I- Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, i-SVCS, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, imithambo yesifuba, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izimpawu zomdlavuza