Kulezi zinsuku, kukhona umkhuhlane yonke indawo! Ingabe kufanele sazi kahle ukuthi lo 'mkhuhlane' uyini?

Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi "flu" izikhathi eziningi, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semvula, abantu abaningi bathola lesi sifo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma umuntu oyedwa endlini ethola lesi sifo, ngezinye izikhathi abanye batheleleka ngokulandelana. Ngakho-ke, namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi lo "flu" uyini ngempela, ukuthi kungani usenzeka, nokuthi singaqaphela kanjani okunye . Uma sazi kahle, akukho okufanele sikwesabe.

Kuyini 'umkhuhlane'? Kalula nje...

Igama elithi "flu" yigama esivame ukulibiza ngalo. Igama lezokwelapha lalokhu yi -`(Influenza)` . Lesi yisifo esibangelwa yi-`(virus)`, okungukuthi, igciwane. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, leli gciwane lithelela ikhala lethu, umphimbo, nezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokuphefumula njengamaphaphu. Manje bheka, ngokuvamile lapho i-`(virus)` ingena emzimbeni wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luqala ukulwa nalo. Ngenxa yalokho, into ebizwa ngokuthi i-`(antibodies)` ikhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu. Kungenxa yalezi `(antibodies)` ukuthi uma lelo `(virus)` elithile libuya emizimbeni yethu, singagwema ukugula. Kodwa-ke, into ekhethekile ngaleli `(flu)` ukuthi liyashintshashintsha, okungukuthi, lishintsha uhlobo lwalo minyaka yonke . Lokhu kufana nesela elizifihlile.

Yingakho ungeke ucabange ukuthi ukuba nomkhuhlane kanye kusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde uwuthole impilo yakho yonke. Njalo ngonyaka, kungavela igciwane elisha "elifihliwe".

Kweminye iminyaka, ushintsho kuleli gciwane lungaba luncane. Khona-ke, noma ngabe uthola "umkhuhlane", ngeke uzizwe umbi kangako. Ama-antibodies akhiqizwe emzimbeni kusukela "kumkhuhlane" wangaphambilini ahlinzeka ngesivikelo esithile. Kodwa-ke, kweminye iminyaka, leli gciwane "lomkhuhlane" lidlula ushintsho olukhulu. Yilapho abantu abaningi begula kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi baze badinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela.

Isiphi isikhathi sonyaka esiphezulu somkhuhlane?

Igciwane lomkhuhlane livame ukubangela ukugula okuningi phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo zonyaka. Emazweni afana neMelika, isikhathi esisukela ku-Okthoba kuya kuMeyi sibhekwa njengesikhathi "somkhuhlane". Ezweni lethu, sivame kakhulu ngesikhathi semvula kanye nasekupheleni konyaka . Umkhuhlane uvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala angawuthola.

Umkhuhlane udluliselwa kanjani?

Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abayaziyo. Igciwane lomkhuhlane lisakazeka kakhulu emoyeni . Isibonelo, lapho umuntu onomkhuhlane ethimula, ekhwehlela, noma ekhuluma, amaconsi amancane aqukethe leli gciwane akhishwa emoyeni. Enye indlela iwukuthi uma umuntu ophilile ethinta into umuntu onomkhuhlane ayithintile noma ayithimulile (njengesivalo somnyango, ipeni, noma ithoyizi) bese ethinta umlomo noma impumulo yakhe ngaleso sandla esingcolile, igciwane lingangena emzimbeni wakhe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu otheleleke ngegciwane angatheleleka ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale.Ungayisakaza komunye umuntu. Lokho kusho ukuthi usengayisakaza komunye umuntu noma ungazi ukuthi unomkhuhlane. Lokhu kungenzeka kuze kube yisonto.

Amagciwane anjengomkhuhlane asakazeka kalula ezindaweni ezifana nezikole. Bese kuthi lapho izingane zifika emakhaya, zithelele imindeni yazo kanye nomakhelwane bazo, zisakaze lesi sifo emphakathini wonke.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane?

Izimpawu "zomkhuhlane" zivame ukuqala cishe ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemuva kokuchayeka egciwaneni. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu : Kungase kube khona ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu : Umphimbo ubuhlungu futhi kuzwakala kunzima ukuwugwinya.
• Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo: Umzimba uyashisa bese kuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo .
• Ukuzizwa ubanda/ ukuthuthumela : Kanye nomkhuhlane, umzimba uzizwa ubanda futhi ngezinye izikhathi uyathuthumela.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba : Umzimba wonke, ikakhulukazi imisipha, uyabuhlungu. Abanye abantu bathi kuzwakala sengathi "inyama iyakhishwa emzimbeni wami."
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala : Ikhala livalekile, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• Ukukhwehlela okomile : Ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu nokomile okungenamhluzi.
• Ukukhathala /ubuthakathaka obukhulu: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, ungenampilo, futhi ungakwazi ukuvuka embhedeni.
• I-Anorexia : Ukulahlekelwa yinoma yisiphi isithakazelo ekudleni.

Umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela, impumulo egobhozayo, kanye nokukhathala kungahlala isonto noma ngaphezulu. Abanye abantu abanomkhuhlane bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza, izinhlungu zesisu , kanye nesifo sohudo . Kodwa-ke, uma uhlanza futhi uhudo kuphela ngaphandle kwezinye izimpawu zomkhuhlane, ungase ube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-gastroenteritis . Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi umkhuhlane wesisu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlukile kumkhuhlane, obangelwa yigciwane lomkhuhlane. I-Gastroenteritis ivame ukubangelwa amanye amagciwane avamile esihlangana nawo nsuku zonke.

Ungazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-flu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Izimpawu zakho ziningi kakhuluUdokotela ngokuvamile angabona ukuthi une-flu ngokubheka izimpawu zakho. Iningi labantu abane-flu libukeka ligula kakhulu futhi lidabukile. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izifo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifana ne-flu. Ngakho-ke uma udokotela efuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi yi-flu, angenza isivivinyo . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula ye-mucus ekhaleni lakho noma emphinjeni usebenzisa i-cotton swab ende. Ezinye izivivinyo zikunikeza imiphumela ngokushesha, kanti ezinye zithatha isikhathi ukufika elabhorethri.

Ingabe kuyingozi ukuthola umkhuhlane?

Uma uthola umkhuhlane, kungaba kubi kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona into embi kangako . Intsha enempilo ayivamile ukuba nezinkinga ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5, kanye nabantu abanezinye izifo zesikhathi eside (njengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, kanye ne-asthma) banamathuba amaningi okugula kakhulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi banesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka noma basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ngenxa yezimo ezikhona ngaphambilini.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngithola umkhuhlane?

Uma une-flu, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzinakekela ukuhlala embhedeni uphumule ngokwanele futhi uphuze uketshezi oluningi (njengamanzi neziphuzo ezingenayo i-caffeine, njengetiye, i-cilantro, isobho) . Hlala ekhaya ungangeni esikoleni/emsebenzini uze uzizwe ungcono futhi umkhuhlane wakho ujwayelekile. Lokhu kuzokunika ukuphumula futhi kukuvimbele ekusakazeni ukugula kwabanye. Iningi labantu liba ngcono lodwa uma igciwane seliphumile emizimbeni yabo. Kodwa-ke, uma une-flu futhi unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ubone udokotela :

• Uma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu kunokuba sibe ngcono.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula .
• Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingamahlalakhona (njenge-"Diabetes Mellitus", isifo senhliziyo, "i-asthma", izifo zamaphaphu).

Ake sifunde nangemithi.

Intsha eningi ingaphuza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana neParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen ukuze kuncishiswe umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba.

Nokho, nansi into okufanele uyikhumbule: Akuyona into enhle ukuthi izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha bathathe i-aspirin noma yimuphi umuthi oqukethe i-aspirin uma benomkhuhlane. Ukwenza kanjalo kungababeka engozini yesimo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome.

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuthatha ama-antibiotic kuzokwelapha umkhuhlane. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso. Ama-antibiotic asebenza ngokumelene nokutheleleka ngamagciwane, hhayi amagciwane afana nomkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotic awasizi ngomkhuhlane. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela banikeza ama-antibiotic ukuze banciphise isikhathi somkhuhlane.Imithi yokulwa namagciwane inganikezwa. Le mithi isebenza kuphela ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane omkhuhlane, futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. Odokotela bavame ukunikeza le mithi ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu, asebekhulile, noma abantu abasengozini yezinkinga ezinkulu, njenge-asthma.

Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukuthola umkhuhlane?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela umkhuhlane isikhathi esingu-100%. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane kungasiza. Kunconywa ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha athole lo muthi minyaka yonke . Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane uza njengomjovo kanye nesifutho samakhala. Kokubili kusebenza kahle ngokulinganayo. Thola umuthi wokugomela onconywa udokotela wakho. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, labo abanezimo ezithile zempilo (njenge-asthma), kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane. Yini enye ongayenza?

• Geza izandla zakho kahle futhi kaningi. Faka insipho bese uhlikihla izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20.
• Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana nezinkomishi, izitsha, namathawula nabanye.
• Uma une-flu, sebenzisa i-tissue uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwegciwane. Lahla i-tissue esetshenzisiwe emgqonyeni kadoti. Uma ungenayo i-tissue, khwehlela noma uthimula endololwaneni yakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma uthola umkhuhlane kulokhu, ungesabi. Zinakekele kahle futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma uzizwa ungaphilile, khumbula ukuthi umkhuhlane uvame ukuba ngcono ngemva kwesonto noma ngaphansi, futhi maduze uzobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuhlanzeka okuhle (ikakhulukazi ukugeza izandla) kuzosiza kakhulu ekuzivikeleni kulesi sifo. Hlala uphephile nonke!

Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, igciwane, umuthi wokugomela, izimpawu, impilo