Uyakhumbula "umkhuhlane wezingulube" owawukhulunywa ngawo umhlaba wonke eminyakeni embalwa edlule? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umkhuhlane we-H1N1, noma (Umkhuhlane Wezingulube). Esikhathini esidlule, lesi sifo sasibangelwa abantu ababesondelene nezingulube, yingakho igama laso libizwa kanjalo. Kodwa cishe ngo-2009, kwavela uhlobo olusha lwegciwane, olwasakazeka ngokushesha phakathi kwabantu ababengaxhumene nezingulube. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-World Health Organization (WHO) nayo yawubiza ngokuthi (ubhubhane). Manje akukho lutho okufanele ulwesabe njengaleso sikhathi, kodwa lo mkhuhlane we-H1N1 usephakathi kwabantu. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
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Lo mkhuhlane we-H1N1 udluliselwa kanjani?
Kulula kakhulu. Kufana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Uma umuntu onegciwane le-H1N1 ekhwehlela noma ethimula, amaconsi amancane aqukethe leli gciwane akhishwa emoyeni. Uma umuntu oseduze ephefumula lowo moya, angangenwa yileli gciwane.
Ake uzicabange usebhasini. Umuntu onomkhuhlane uhleli kancane phambi kwakho bese ethimula. Uma ekhwehlela engawumbozi umlomo wakhe, igciwane lizosabalala esihlalweni esiphambi kwakhe, kanye nocingo aluphethe. Uma uthinta leyo ntambo bese uthinta amehlo akho, impumulo, noma umlomo wakho ngaleso sandla esifanayo, igciwane lizongena emzimbeni wakho. Uyaqonda?
Into ebalulekile ukuthi umuntu angasabalalisa igciwane kusukela ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibonakale kuze kube yizinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemva kokuqala kokugula. Izingane ezincane zingasabalalisa igciwane kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-10.
Enye into, naphezu kwegama elithi "i-swine flu," ukudla noma yimiphi imikhiqizo yengulube, njengengulube, ubhekeni, noma i-ham, akusabalalisi lesi sifo. Ungakhathazeki ngalokho.
Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-H1N1?
Izimpawu zifana kakhulu nomkhuhlane ovamile wesizini esiwaziyo sonke. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma uthola i-H1N1, ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu nokuhlanza kakhulu kunange-flu evamile.
Ake sibheke kabanzi ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela | Kungase kube nokukhwehlela okomile noma okunezikhwehlela. |
| Imfiva | Ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe kanye nomuzwa wokudinwa. |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu | Umphimbo obuhlungu, ukushintsha kwezwi. |
| IsiSotu | Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma impumulo egobhozayo. |
| Ubuhlungu bomzimba | Ubuhlungu emzimbeni wonke, ikakhulukazi imisipha. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. |
| Ubusika | Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi uthuthumela. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho. |
Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Njengomkhuhlane ovamile, i-H1N1 ngezinye izikhathi ingaholela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njenge -pneumonia . Futhi, uma unezinye izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma i-asthma, i-H1N1 ingenza lezo zimo zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni noma esiswini
- Ukuhlanza okukhulu okungapheli
- Isiyezi esingazelelwe
- Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okufanele ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kuyi-H1N1?
Yebo, kunezivivinyo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zifana kakhulu, kunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umkhuhlane noma i-H1N1 ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwelebhu. Udokotela uzothatha i-swab yekhala lakho ayisebenzisele ukuhlola igciwane.
Kodwa lokhu kuhlolwa akwenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Ngokuvamile, umuntu ophilile uyalulama ku-H1N1 zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kakhulu ezigulini ezisezibhedlela kanye nalabo abasengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
| Labo abasengozini enkulu yezinkinga ze-H1N1 | |
|---|---|
| • Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala | • Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala |
| • Omama abakhulelwe | • Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona zamaphaphu, zenhliziyo, zesibindi, zemizwa noma ze-metabolic |
| • Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka (isib. abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, iziguli ezinomdlavuza) | • Izingane kanye nentsha ethatha i-aspirin isikhathi eside (ngoba isengozini yokuthola isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome ) |
| • Abantu abasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa njengezindawo zokuhlala asebekhulile | |
Ungayiphatha kanjani? Futhi ungazivikela kanjani?
Izindlela zokwelapha
Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane esetshenziswa ukwelapha umkhuhlane ovamile nayo isebenza kahle kwi-H1N1. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngegama elithi Oseltamivir (Tamiflu). Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. Ingasiza ekusheshiseni inqubo yokuphulukisa nokunciphisa izimpawu.
Khumbula, umkhuhlane usifo esibangelwa yigciwane, ngakho-ke ama-antibiotic ngeke asize. Ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa kuphela ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ungathatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njenge-paracetamol ukuze wehlise umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Kodwa ungalokothi unike izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 ubudala ezinemfiva i-aspirin , nganoma yisiphi isizathu . Lokhu kungenxa yengozi yesimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome.
Ungazivikela kanjani?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane (umjovo womkhuhlane) njalo ngonyaka. Lo muthi wokugomela ukuvikela kumagciwane omkhuhlane avamile wesizini kanye negciwane le-H1N1.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, landela lezi zinto ezilula:
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Geza izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala uma insipho namanzi kungekho.
- Gwema ukuthinta amehlo akho, impumulo, nomlomo ngezandla zakho.
- Hlala kude nabantu abanemikhuhlane nomkhuhlane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-H1N1 (i-Swine Flu) isifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa yigciwane, njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba.
- Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane waminyaka yonke uphinde uvikele igciwane le-H1N1.
- Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngamaconsi akhishwa uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Ukugeza izandla njalo nokuhlala uhlanzekile kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi unike izingane ezinemfiva i-aspirin.
- Ama-antibiotic awawuqedi umkhuhlane. Thatha imithi yokulwa namagciwane kuphela uma uceliwe udokotela.
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