Ingabe i-thyroid yakho iphilile? Ake sixoxe ngesifo se-thyroid ngamazwi alula!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele noma ukhuluphala ngaphandle kwesizathu? Mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi kungenxa yesimiso sakho esimatasa kulezi zinsuku. Kodwa, ubuwazi ukuthi indlala encane efana novemvane engaphambili entanyeni yakho ingabandakanyeka kulezi zinto? Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlala ye-thyroid kanye nezifo ezingahlotshaniswa nayo, okungukuthi isifo se-thyroid .

Iyini i-thyroid gland? Yenzani?

Kalula nje, i-thyroid gland iyi-gland encane emise okwebhabhathane etholakala ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Iyingxenye yesistimu ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Ifana nefektri encane emzimbeni wethu. Ikhiqiza futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone e-thyroid egazini, alawula imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ama-hormone ayinhloko akhiqizwa yiyo yi -thyroxine (T4) kanye ne -triiodothyronine (T3) .

Manje ungase ubuze, "Kwenzenjani la ma-hormone?" Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-thyroid gland ukulawula i-metabolism yethu noma izinga le-metabolic . Okusho ukuthi, izinga lapho ukudla esikudlayo kuguqulwa khona kube amandla. Wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu adinga amandla ukuze asebenze. Ngakho-ke, uma le thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle, ingathinta wonke umzimba. Cabanga ngayo njenge-accelerator yemoto. Uma ingasebenzi kahle, ijubane lemoto lihamba kancane kakhulu noma lishesha kakhulu. Yileyo ndlela okuyiyo.

Ngakho-ke, siyini isifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid yigama elivamile kakhulu. Libhekisela kunoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha lapho i-thyroid gland yakho ingakhiqizi khona ama-hormone anele. Singathinta abantu banoma yibuphi ubudala. Ngezinye izikhathi i-thyroid gland ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ikhiqiza amancane kakhulu. Zombili ziyizinkinga.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo se-thyroid?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo se-thyroid: i-hypothyroidism (ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwama-hormone e-thyroid) kanye ne-hyperthyroidism (ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid). Kodwa-ke, ngayinye yalezi zingaba nezimbangela ezahlukahlukene.

1. Ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwama-hormone e-thyroid: I-Hypothyroidism

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indlala yegilo ingakhiqizi ama-hormone egilo anele, okunciphisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla emzimbeni.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-hypothyroidism?

• Isifo sikaHashimoto: Lesi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba esingamahlalakhona, esihlala isikhathi eside. Kalula nje, amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasela indlala yegilo. Lesi yimbangela ehamba phambili ye-hypothyroidism emazweni lapho usawoti nokudla okucebile nge-iodine kudliwa khona kakhulu.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine: I-iodine yamaminerali ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid. Ngakho-ke, uma ungatholi i-iodine eyanele ekudleni kwakho, ungahlakulela i-hypothyroidism. Lena yimbangela eyinhloko emazweni lapho usawoti one-iodine ungatholakali khona kabanzi. Lokhu kungaholela ku -goiter , okuwukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid gland.
• I-Congenital hypothyroidism: Ezinye izingane zizalwa zingenayo i-thyroid gland noma zine-thyroid gland engasebenzi kahle. Igama elithi "Congenital" lisho ukuthi "zikhona lapho zizalwa." Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-2,000 kuya kwezingu-4,000 ingaba nalesi simo.

2. Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid: I-Hyperthyroidism

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indlala yegilo ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu, asheshisa ukugaywa komzimba.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism?

• Isifo sikaGraves: Lesi futhi yisifo esingamahlalakhona sesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Kodwa-ke, kulesi simo, indlala yegilo ivuselelwa kakhulu futhi ikhiqize amahomoni amaningi kakhulu. Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu se-hyperthyroidism.
• Amaqhubu e-thyroid: Lawa amaqhubu angajwayelekile akheka endlaleni ye-thyroid. Uma amanye ala maqhubu eqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu, i-hyperthyroidism ingenzeka.
• Ukudla i-iodine ngokweqile: Uma umzimba uthola i-iodine eningi kakhulu, i-thyroid gland ikhiqiza i-hormone eningi kakhulu. Lesi simo singabangelwa imithi ethile, isibonelo , i-amiodarone, umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo.

3. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-hormone aphansi, ngezinye izikhathi aphezulu

Kunezimo ezithile ezingabangela i-hyperthyroidism ekuqaleni (ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone) bese kamuva zibangela i-hypothyroidism (ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone).

• I-thyroiditis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala ngokwanda kwesikhashana kwama-hormone (i-hyperthyroidism), kulandelwe ukwehla kwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo kwama-hormone (i-hypothyroidism).
• I-Postpartum thyroiditis: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu esenzeka kwabanye omama ngemva kokubeletha. Sithinta cishe u-5% wabesifazane phakathi nonyaka wokubeletha. Futhi, i-hyperthyroidism ivame ukwenzeka kuqala, kulandelwe i-hypothyroidism. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana.

Sivame kangakanani isifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid empeleni sivame kakhulu . Isibonelo, kuthiwa abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-20 e-United States banesifo esithile se-thyroid. Ngakho-ke, lesi simo singabonakala kakhulu naseSri Lanka.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-thyroid?

Uma unesifo se-thyroid, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Inkinga ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivame ukulingisa ezezinye izimo noma izinguquko ezenzeka ngezikhathi ezahlukene empilweni yakho. Ngakho kungaba nzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa inkinga ye-thyroid noma okunye.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-thyroid zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili - lezo ezibangelwa yi-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu (i-hyperthyroidism) kanye nalezo ezibangelwa yi-hormone ye-thyroid encane kakhulu (i-hypothyroidism). Izimpawu zalezi zimo ezimbili zivame "ukuphambene" komunye nomunye. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-hyperthyroidism isheshisa imetabolism yakho, kuyilapho i-hypothyroidism iyinciphisa.

Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism (ama-hormone aphansi):

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo sihamba kancane kunokujwayelekile.
• Ngizizwa ngikhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngifuna nje ukuhlala embhedeni usuku lonke, ngizizwa ngikhathele kakhulu ukuba ngingenza noma yini ewusizo.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukwanda kwesisindo ngisho noma imikhuba yokudla ihlala ifana.
• Ubunzima bokubekezelela umkhuhlane . Lokho okungaba umkhuhlane ojwayelekile kwabanye kungase kungabekezeleleki kuwe.
• Isikhumba esomile nezinwele ezomile neziqinile .
• Ukucindezeleka .
• Ukopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane (i-menorrhagia) .

Izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism (uma kune-hormone eningi kakhulu):

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo kunesivamile (i-tachycardia) . Kuzwakala sengathi inhliziyo yakho iyashaya.
• Ubunzima bokulala .
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukwehlisa isisindo ngisho noma udla kahle.
• Ubunzima bokubhekana nokushisa . Nakuba kungase kube yinto evamile kwabanye ukuzizwa beshisa, ungase uzizwe ujulukile futhi ushisa ngendlela engabekezeleleki.
• Isikhumba esijulukayo noma esinomswakama .
• Ukuzizwa ucasukile, ungahlaliseki, futhi ucasuka kalula .
• Abesifazane banezikhathi zokuya esikhathini ezingajwayelekile noma ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini (i-amenorrhea) .

Zombili lezi zimo zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo, okubizwa ngokuthi i-goiter . Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu kwi-hyperthyroidism.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo se-thyroid?

Ungase ube namathuba amaningi okuthola isifo se-thyroid uma:

• Uma ungowesifazane , abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kahlanu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili okuthola isifo se-thyroid kunabesilisa.
• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onesifo se-thyroid (kungaba yifa).
• Uma unesifo sofuzo esifana ne- Turner syndrome .
• Uma uthatha umuthi oqukethe i-iodine eningi kakhulu .
• Uma uhlala ezweni noma endaweni lapho usawoti one-iodized ungatholakali khona kabanzi (lokhu kungaholela ekusweleni kwe-iodine).
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala , ikakhulukazi uma ungowesifazane.
• Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda kanye/noma entanyeni ngaphambilini.

Futhi, uma unesinye isifo sokuzivikela komzimba , ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo se-thyroid iphakeme nakakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma unesinye salezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• I-anemia eyingozi
• Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
• Isifo se-Celiac
• Isifo sika-Addison (isifo sika-Addison - ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal okuyinhloko)
• I-Lupus
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Isifo sikaSjögren

Ungasithola kanjani isifo se-thyroid? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unezimpawu zesifo se-thyroid, udokotela wakho uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni wakho, bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzothinta i-thyroid gland yakho entanyeni yakho ukuze ahlole ukuvuvukala noma amaqhubu (amaqhubu).

Ngemva kwalokho, udokotela kuzodingeka enze ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ze-thyroid ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Lezi yizi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabonisa ukuthi une-hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kwegazi le-thyroid. Isibonelo, kuhlola i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) , amazinga e-hormone i-T3 ne-T4 , kanye nama-antibodies e-thyroid .
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-ultrasound ye-thyroid kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini amaqhubu noma amaqhubu e-thyroid gland yakho. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kwezokwelapha zenuzi njengokuthathwa kwe-thyroid kanye nokuskena kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi amaqhubu asebenza ngokweqile yini.

Ziphathwa kanjani izifo ze-thyroid?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-thyroid kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo onaso kanye nembangela yaso. Umgomo oyinhloko ukubuyisela amazinga akho e-thyroid hormone ezingeni elinempilo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hyperthyroidism:

Uma une-hyperthyroidism (isimo lapho kukhona khona ama-hormone amaningi), kunezindlela zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• Imithi yokulwa ne-thyroid: Isibonelo , i-methimazole kanye ne-propylthiouracil . Le mithi ivimba i-thyroid ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone.
• I-Radioiodine - ukwelashwa nge-radioactive iodine: Lokhu kwelashwa kulimaza amangqamuzana e-thyroid gland futhi kuwavimbele ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone amaningi.
• Ama-Beta-blocker: Le mithi ayithinti ngqo i-thyroid gland, kodwa ingasiza ekulawuleni ezinye izimpawu, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Njengokwelashwa okuhlala njalo, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukususwa kwe-thyroid, okuhilela ukususwa kwe-thyroid gland yakho ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuzomisa ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi uthathe ama-hormone okufakelwa esikhundleni se-thyroid impilo yakho yonke.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypothyroidism:

Uma une-hypothyroidism (isimo lapho i-thyroid yakho ingasebenzi kahle), ukwelashwa okuyinhloko imithi yokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone e-thyroid . Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ama-hormone e-thyroid ngokwenziwa emzimbeni wakho. Omunye wemithi evame kakhulu odokotela abayinikezayo yi -levothyroxine .

Ingabe isifo se-thyroid siyisimo esibucayi?

Isifo se-thyroid singathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wakho kanye nempilo yakho. Kodwa-ke, uma ulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele futhi uphatha lesi simo, ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga enkulu.

Kodwa-ke, uma isifo se-thyroid singatholakali noma singalashwa kahle , singaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene.

Izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa ye-hyperthyroidism engalashwa:

• I-Atrial fibrillation ( ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile)
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa yi-congestive ( isifo senhliziyo)
• I-Osteoporosis ( ukuncipha kwamathambo)

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-hypothyroidism engalashwa:

• Izinkinga zemizwa , njengokucindezeleka.
• I-peripheral neuropathy (umonakalo wemizwa emilenzeni)
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
• Ukungazali .
• I-Myxedema coma : Lokhu kuyinkinga esongela impilo ye-hypothyroidism enzima.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphila impilo evamile unesifo se-thyroid?

Isifo se-thyroid sivame ukuba yisimo sempilo impilo yonke . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka usilawule njalo. Lokhu kuvame ukudinga imithi yansuku zonke. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukwelashwa kwakho futhi enze noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele lokulawula amazinga akho ama-hormone. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukuphila impilo evamile nekhululekile ngesifo se-thyroid.Okudingekayo nje ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokucophelela.

Ingabe isifo se-thyroid singavinjelwa?

Isifo se-thyroid ngokuvamile kunzima ukusivimbela . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izifo eziningi ze-thyroid zihlotshaniswa nezimbangela zofuzo kanye/noma zibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yomzimba. Asikwazi ukuvimbela lezi zinto.

Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ze-thyroid ezibangelwa i-iodine eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi zingavinjelwa. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthola inani elifanele le-iodine, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana nesifo se-thyroid?

Uma unezimpawu ze-hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism, noma uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekubukekeni kwendlala yakho ye-thyroid entanyeni yakho (njengokuvuvukala), kubalulekile ukubona udokotela . Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa bese uqala ukwelashwa.

Futhi, uma wazi ukuthi ilungu lomndeni elinesifo se-thyroid, tshela udokotela wakho ngaso. Isifo se-thyroid singangena emindenini. Uma kwenzeka uba nezimpawu zesifo se-thyroid, kungabaluleka ukwazi lo mlando womndeni.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Nakuba isifo se-thyroid siyisifo esivamile, akumelwe sesabe. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi singalawulwa kahle ngemithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

• I-thyroid iyi-gland emise okwebhabhathane entanyeni yakho. Ama-hormone ewakhiqizayo alawula izinto eziningi emzimbeni wakho.
• Uma ama-hormone ehla, kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism , futhi uma ekhula, kubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperthyroidism .
• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukushintsha kwesisindo, kanye nokungaphumuli, kungaba yinkinga ye-thyroid.
• Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Uma uthola ukwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile.
• Uma unezimpawu zesifo se-thyroid, noma uma unezici eziyingozi, khuluma nodokotela . Bakhona ukukusiza. Ungesabi, buza uma unemibuzo. Impilo yakho iyakufanelekela!

I- thyroid, izifo ze-thyroid, i-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism, i-goiter, ama-hormone, i-thyroxine