Ufuna ukuhlola i-thyroid yakho? Ake sifunde nge-(Ukuthathwa Nokuskenwa Kwe-Thyroid)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uyazibuza ukuthi leyo ndlala encane ye-thyroid entanyeni yakho isebenza kahle yini? Mhlawumbe udokotela ukucele ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo olubizwa ngokuthi "i-Thyroid Uptake & Scan". Noma mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngalo ndawana thize. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo, lokhu kuhlolwa okuvamile okwenziwa kubantu abaningi.

Kuyini Ukuthathwa Nokuskena Kwe-Thyroid?

Kalula nje, lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubheka ngqo ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwe-thyroid gland yakho, ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani, nokuthi isimo sayo nosayizi wayo kunjani. Kufana 'nesithombe' se-thyroid yakho, kodwa kusinika imininingwane eminingi. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-Nuclear Medicine Imaging". Ungesabi, igama lingase lizwakale njengento enkulu, kodwa lihilela ukusebenzisa into encane kakhulu, engenangozi enemisebe (ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Radiotracer") nokubuka i-thyroid gland yakho ngekhamera ekhethekile. Ulwazi olunikezayo lunemininingwane eminingi kunento efana ne-"Ultrasound Scan" evamile.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-thyroid scan kanye ne-uptake?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi lokhu "kuskena" kanye "nokukhuphula" kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene, noma into efanayo. Ngobuchwepheshe, lezi yizinqubo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bavame ukwenza zombili lezi zinto ndawonye, ​​ngoba yilapho bethola khona isithombe esiphelele sendlala yegilo.

• Ukuthathwa Kwe-Thyroid: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test (RAIU). Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi i-thyroid gland yakho iyimunca kangakanani futhi ngokushesha kangakanani i-radioactive iodine. Udokotela uzolinganisa lokhu ngokubeka i-probe ekhethekile entanyeni yakho, lapho i-thyroid gland yakho itholakala khona. Ukulinganisa kunganikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi i-thyroid gland yakho isebenza ngokweqile (isebenza ngokweqile) noma ayisebenzi kahle (isebenza kancane). Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuthathwa akuthathi izithombe.

• Ukuskena Kwe-Thyroid: Yilapho izithombe zithathwa khona. Usebenzisa izinto ezisebenzisa imisebe okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla (i-Radiotracer), ikhamera ekhethekile, kanye nekhompyutha, ungabona ngokucacile ukuma, usayizi, kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-thyroid gland yakho, kanye nalapho i-thyroid isebenza khona ngokweqile, ingasebenzi kahle, noma inamaqhubu angajwayelekile.

Ngakho-ke, uma nikwenza kokubili lokhu ndawonye, ​​nithola ukuqonda okungcono kokubili ukuthi i-thyroid gland isebenza kanjani nokuthi ibukeka kanjani.

Kungani ngidinga i-Thyroid Uptake & Scan?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye zezizathu ezenza udokotela angase akuncome ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Thyroid Uptake & Scan)`.

• Qiniseka ukuthi i-thyroid yakho isebenza kahle: Lokhu kuskena kubaluleke kakhulu uma unezimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism (isib., ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukujuluka, ukukhathazeka), noma uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa ukuthi une-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile.
• Thola okwengeziwe ngeqhubu le-thyroid: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uthwetshulwa nge-ultrasound entanyeni yakho ngesinye isizathu, kukhombisa iqhubu elincane endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakusiza ukuthi uthole uhlobo oluqondile lweqhubu (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi 'liyashisa' noma 'liyabanda', okusho ukuthi likhiqiza ama-hormone noma cha).
• Ukubona izinguquko ku-thyroid ngemva kokwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kuskena kusetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi izicubu ze-thyroid ezisele zisebenza kahle yini nokuthi zisebenza kanjani ngemva kokuthatha imithi ye-hyperthyroidism, noma ngemva kokususa ingxenye noma yonke i-thyroid gland ngokuhlinzwa.
• Thola izimo ezifana ne-thyroiditis.
• Ingasetshenziswa futhi (ngokuvamile) ukubona ukusabalala kweminye imidlavuza.

Ubani owenza lokhu kuthathwa kanye nokuskenwa kwe-thyroid?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa udokotela we-radiologist onolwazi olukhethekile nokuqeqeshwa emkhakheni wezokwelapha "we-Nuclear Medicine Imaging." Nguye owenza ukuhlolwa, ahlaziye izithombe nedatha etholakele, futhi alungiselele umbiko ngesimo sakho.

Lokhu Kuthathwa Nokuskenwa Kwe-Thyroid Kusebenza Kanjani?

Cabanga ngale ndlela, kufana nokufaka 'ithegi' elincane endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid, bese ubheka ngaphandle ukuthi lelo 'thegi' lihamba kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-thyroid, lapho liqongelela khona, nokuthi liqongelela malini.

Okwenzekayo nje yilokhu:

1. Uzonikezwa inani elincane kakhulu neliphephile lento ekhipha imisebe (`(Radiotracer)`). Lokhu kuvame ukuba yi-isotope ekhipha imisebe yento ebizwa ngokuthi `(Radioactive Iodine)` noma `(Technetium)`. Lokhu kunganikezwa njengomjovo we-IV, noma njenge-capsule encane noma uketshezi okufanele luthathwe ngomlomo. Akuvamile kakhulu, kunganikezwa njengegesi okufanele iphefumulelwe.

2. Lesi sici sihamba egazini lakho bese siya endlaleni ye-thyroid. Njengoba indlala ye-thyroid imunca i-iodine ngokwemvelo ukuze yenze ama-hormone, le iodine enemisebe (noma into efanayo) iqoqana emaseli e-thyroid.

3. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-`(Radiotracer)` eyengezwe kula maseli e-thyroid ikhipha uhlobo olukhethekile lwemisebe olubizwa ngokuthi `(Gamma rays)`. Le misebe ayibonakali emehlweni ethu, kodwa ingatholakala ngemishini ekhethekile.

Manje ake sibone ukuthi i-`(Uptake)` kanye ne-`(Scan)` zisebenzisa kanjani i-`(Gamma rays)`:

• Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuthathwa kwe-auto: Udokotela ubeka idivayisi ebucayi ebizwa ngokuthi i-gamma probe entanyeni yakho, eduze kwe-thyroid gland yakho, bese elinganisa inani lemisebe ye-gamma ekhishwayo. Lokhu kunikeza umbono wokuthi i-thyroid gland iyimunca kahle kangakanani le nto, okuwukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani.
• Ngesikhathi sokuskena: Ikhamera ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi ikhamera ye-gamma ithola le misebe ye-gamma bese ithumela ulwazi kukhompyutha. Ikhompyutha isebenzisa idatha ukudala izithombe ezicacile (njengemephu) yendlala ye-thyroid. Lezi zithombe zibonisa izindawo zendlala ye-thyroid ezisebenza ngokweqile (amaqhubu ashisayo), ezingasebenzi kahle (amaqhubu abandayo), noma ezinezimo ezingavamile. Isibonelo, yonke indlala ye-thyroid yomuntu one-hyperthyroidism ingase ibonakale ikhanya kakhulu ngoba imunca okuningi kwe-radiotracer.

Ngingakulungiselela kanjani lokhu kuthathwa kanye nokuskenwa kwe-thyroid?

Kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzazi futhi uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Ukulandela lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uthole imiphumela yokuhlolwa enembile.

• Uma ukhulelwe, usola ukuthi ukhulelwe, noma uncelisa: Lokhu kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho kanye nodokotela we-radiologist ozokwenza ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani lezinto ezisebenzisa imisebe ezisetshenziswayo, noma ngabe zincane kakhulu, aliphephile enganeni engakazalwa noma enceliswa ibele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi uzocabangela ezinye izinketho noma ahlehlise ukuhlolwa.
• Ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzitshele udokotela:
• Uma usanda kuba nesifo, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
• Noma yiziphi ezinye izifo zesikhathi eside onazo (isib. isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso).
• Uma une-allergies (ikakhulukazi i-iodine noma noma yiziphi izinto eziphikisanayo esikhathini esidlule).
• Yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje. Lokhu akubandakanyi nje kuphela imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho, kodwa futhi nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi, ngisho nemithi yendabuko.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke waba nanoma yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezisebenzise izinto zokuhlukanisa eziqukethe i-iodine (isibonelo, i-CT scan noma i-angiogram ene-IV iodine contrast) ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule. Lokhu kungashintsha amazinga e-iodine emzimbeni wakho futhi kuthinte imiphumela yalokhu kuskena.
• Uma uthatha imithi yesifo se-thyroid:Uma uthatha imithi ye-hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile) njenge-Methimazole noma i-Propylthiouracil (PTU), noma amaphilisi e-thyroid hormone (i-Thyroxine), udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi zingaki izinsuku ngaphambi kokuskena okufanele uyeke ukuthatha le mithi. Landela le miyalelo kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingase ingabi yiphutha.
• Ngokuphathelene nokudla nokuphuza: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho (ukuzila ukudla) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (isb. amahora angu-4-6). Buza udokotela wakho noma ilabhorethri ngalokhu kusenesikhathi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo enikezwa udokotela wakho noma abasebenzi basesibhedlela ngqo. Uma kukhona ongaqiniseki ngakho, ungesabi ukubuza. Bakhona ukukusiza.

Kwenzekani Ngesikhathi Sokuqoqwa Nokuskenwa Kwe-Thyroid?

Njengoba izingxenye zalolu vivinyo ``Uptake'' kanye ``Scan'' zenziwa ngendlela ehlukile kancane, ake sizibheke ngokwehlukana.

Indlela Yokuthola I-Thyroid Uptake:

1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa i-capsule encane noma uketshezi oluqukethe i-radioactive iodine (`(Radiotracer)`) ukuze uluphuze. Lokhu cishe akunambitheki, ngakho-ke akukuphathi kabi.

2. Ngemva kokuyiphuza, uzotshelwa ukuthi uye ekhaya noma uphumule isikhashana. Ngokuvamile kuzodingeka ubuyele endaweni yokuhlola ngemva kwamahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 (ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amahora angu-24). Lokhu kuzonikeza indlala yegilo isikhathi sokumunca i-radiotracer.

3. Uma ubuya, uzobekwa etafuleni lokuhlolwa (noma mhlawumbe esihlalweni), bese uchwepheshe noma udokotela uzobeka idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Gamma probe" eduze kakhulu ne-thyroid gland yakho entanyeni yakho (engayithinti). Lokhu kulinganisa inani lemisebe ekhishwa yi-thyroid yakho.

4. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ubuye emahoreni angama-24 ngemva kokuthatha i-``(Radiotracer)'' ukuze uthole esinye isilinganiso ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kuzobonisa nokuthi i-thyroid igcina isikhathi esingakanani i-iodine.

5. Lokhu `(probe)` kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela ukuthatha izilinganiso, mhlawumbe imizuzu emi-5 noma ngaphansi. Akukho ubuhlungu.

Indlela yokwenza i-Thyroid Scan:

1. Kulokhu, inani elincane le-radioactive substance (`(Radiotracer)`) livame ukufakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho (`(IV injection)`). (Akuvamile, linganikezwa nangokuliphuza noma ngokuliphefumula, njengoba kwenziwa ku-`(Uptake)`, kuye ngohlobo lwe-`(Radiotracer)` olusetshenzisiwe.)

2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele ulinde isikhashana (ngokuvamile cishe imizuzu engama-20-30) ukuze indlala yakho yegilo imunce lesi sidakamizwa.

3. Okulandelayo, uzobekwa etafuleni lokuhlolwa elikhethekile elikuvumela ukuthi uzulazule, intamo yakho ithambekele kancane emuva (ukuze inwetshwe ngokugcwele).

4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhamera enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi ``Gamma Camera'' ifakwa entanyeni yakho, ngenhla noma eduze kakhulu nendlala yegilo, bese uchungechunge lwezithombe luthathwa ngezindlela ezahlukene.

5. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uthule ngokuphelele futhi unganyakazi.Ngoba uma inyakazisa, izithombe zingase zingacaci. Njengalapho uthatha isithombe.

6. Kungase kudingeke ulinde isikhashana kuze kube yilapho abasebenzi bethola izithombe ezicacile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kuthathwe izithombe ezengeziwe ukuze kucaciswe izindawo ezithile ze-thyroid. Kodwa-ke, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, lokhu kuvamile.

7. Lonke lolu hlolo luvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 noma ngaphansi. Akukho ubuhlungu obuhilelekile.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuthatha nokuhlola i-thyroid?

Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke evamile kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekweluleka ngenye indlela. Ungaphinde uye ekhaya.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona into eyodwa ebalulekile. Ukuze kusizwe into ekhipha imisebe (`(Radiotracer)`) esetshenziswe esivivinyweni iphume ngokushesha emzimbeni wakho emchameni wakho, uzocelwa ukuba uphuze amanzi amaningi (okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 ngosuku) izinsuku ezimbili ngemva kwesivivinyo. Kungumqondo omuhle ukulandela lokhu.

Yiziphi izingozi nemiphumela emibi yalokhu kutholwa kanye nokuskenwa kwe-thyroid?

Abantu abaningi bayesaba igama elithi "radioactive". Kodwa empeleni, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Thyroid Uptake & Scan)` kusebenzisa inani elincane kakhulu lezinto ezisebenzisa imisebe (`(Radiotracer)`). Ngakho-ke, umthamo wemisebe owutholayo uphansi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ungase ube ngaphansi kwenani lemisebe etholakala kwezinye izivivinyo ze-`(X-ray)`. Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zalokhu kuskena ukuze kufundwe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kanye nempilo yendlala yegilo, ingozi encane kakhulu yemisebe incane kakhulu kangangokuthi inganakwa.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu kuvezwa kwemisebe akufaneleki enganeni esibelethweni uma ukhulelwe, noma enganeni ngobisi uma uncelisa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela ngakho kusenesikhathi. Udokotela angase akucele nokuthi uyeke ukuncelisa izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Kunezinye izinkinga ezimbalwa ezincane ezingase zenzeke, kodwa azivamile kakhulu:

• (I-Radiotracer) Ubuhlungu obuncane, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho umthambo ujovwe khona: Lokhu kuzophela cishe ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa ofudumele.
• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba ku-radiotracer: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu . Esikhathini esiningi, kuba ukusabela okuncane njengokulunywa noma iqhubu elincane. Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba akuvamile. Khumbula, lokhu kungezwani komzimba akusikho ku-iodine uqobo, kodwa kwezinye izithako zomkhiqizo oqukethe i-iodine. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nokungezwani komzimba ne-iodine ngaphambili.

Ngizokwazi nini ukwazi imiphumela yalokhu kutholwa kanye nokuskenwa kwe-thyroid?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze uthole imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa singahluka kancane. Kuya ngesibhedlela lapho uhlolwe khona, isizathu sokuskena, isikhathi esithathayo ukuhlaziya izithombe, nokuthi ungadinga "umbono wesibili" komunye uchwepheshe.

Yilokhu okuvame ukwenzeka: Udokotela we-radiology noma omunye udokotela oqeqeshiwe oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekuskeni kwe-nuclear uhlola ngokucophelela izithombe zokuskena kanye nezilinganiso zokuthathwa kwe-automation bese elungiselela umbiko ophelele. Umbiko ube usuthunyelwa kudokotela oku-ode ukuhlolwa. Udokotela uzobe esehlangana nawe futhi akuchazele ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini kuwe. Lokhu kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya esontweni elilodwa noma amabili.

Lokhu `(Ukuthathwa Nokuskenwa Kwe-Thyroid)` kuwukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuphephile kakhulu futhi okuwusizo kakhulu okungahlola ukusebenza kanye nempilo ye-thyroid gland yakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalolu vivinyo, ukuthi lwenziwa kanjani, noma imiphumela, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Khumbula, bakhona ukukusiza nokuxazulula izinkinga zakho.

Okokugcina, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, kusukela kulokho ebesikhuluma ngakho kuze kube manje, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• Lokhu `(Ukuthathwa Nokuskenwa Kwe-Thyroid)` kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ephephile yokuhlola esetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi i-thyroid gland entanyeni yakho isebenza kanjani, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukukhubazeka, iqhubu (`(I-Nodule)`), noma inkinga efana nokusebenza ngokweqile (`(I-Hyperthyroidism)`).
• Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (njengokudla nokuphuza, ukuyeka imithi, nokubatshela uma ukhulelwe) ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile.
• Kusetshenziswa inani elincane lezinto ezinemisebe (`(Radiotracer)`) ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kodwa ngeke kubangele umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni wakho. Inani lemisebe eliyikhiphayo liphansi kakhulu.
• Akukho buhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uthule isikhashana nje ngenkathi kwenziwa iskeni.
• Uma imiphumela isifikile, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngokuningiliziwe bese enquma ukuthi yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa oludingekayo.

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela ekuncoma ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(Thyroid Uptake & Scan)`, ungesabi noma ukhathazeke ngakho ngokungadingekile. Lena indlela enhle yokuhlola kwezokwelapha zanamuhla engakusiza ukuthola ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho. Kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho bese ubuza futhi ucacise yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni.

I - thyroid, ukuskena kwe-thyroid, ukumuncwa kwe-thyroid, i-iodine enemisebe, i-thyroid gland, i-hyperthyroidism, amaqhubu e-thyroid