Ake sifunde ngomuthi oqeda isikhumba sakho ubuhlungu? (I-Anesthetic Yesikhumba)

Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kuhle ukuba nendlela yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokulunywa okubangelwa ukulimala okuncane, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, noma ukusha okuncane, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lomuthi ongasetshenziswa ezikhathini ezinjengalezi, uhlobo lomuthi ongasetshenziswa esikhumbeni ukuze uqede indawo. Lokhu kusebenza njengomlingo, kuqeda indawo okwesikhashana.

Iyini le mithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswa endaweni?

Kalula nje, umuthi wokubulala izinzwa osetshenziswa endaweni yokwelapha uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziswa ebusweni besikhumba sakho noma olwelwesini oluthambile emzimbeni wakho (kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-mucosa ) ukuze kuqede indawo okwesikhashana. Kufana nokuthi udokotela ngezinye izikhathi ufafaza inani elincane lomuthi ngaphambi kokukujova, noma ufaka ukhilimu onemithi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awuzwa lutho isikhashana, njengobuhlungu noma ukulunywa (ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukukhwehlela' ngodokotela). Lokhu akuyona imijovo, kuyisicelo esisetshenziswa endaweni yokwelapha.

Cabanga nje, lezi zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki emlonyeni wakho, ezinsinini, ekhaleni, emphinjeni, ezindlebeni, kwezinye izingxenye zamehlo akho (ikakhulukazi amhlophe amehlo, abizwa ngokuthi i-'conjunctiva' ), noma ezindaweni ezifana ne-'rectum' kanye ne-'vagina'.

Ziza ngaziphi izinhlobo?

Bheka manje, lezi zibulala-zinhlungu zangaphandle ziza ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kunezinhlobo ongazithola ekhemisi, kanye nezinhlobo ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa odokotela.

• Ngendlela yama-creams .
• Njengoba amaconsi endlebe .
• Njengoba amaconsi amehlo .
• Njengama -gel .
• Njengama -lotion .
• Njengamafutha okugcoba .
• Njengeziqephu ezinamathela esikhumbeni .
• Njengezixazululo /uketshezi .
• Ngendlela yokufutha .

Ngakho-ke, kuye ngezidingo zakho, udokotela noma usokhemisi uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwalokhu olufanele.

Yiziphi lezi zinhlobo zemithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswa endaweni?

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zemithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu. Ezinye zazo ungazithenga ekhemisi ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (imithi ethi `Over-the-counter` noma `OTC` ). Kunezinye, ezisetshenziswa odokotela kuphela futhi ezisetshenziselwa izinqubo ezincane zezokwelapha.

Ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswayo yilezi:

• I-Benzocaine
• I-Dibucaine
• I-Lidocaine
• I-Phenol
• I-Pramoxine
• I-Prilocaine

Umuthi ngamunye ungeza ngezindlela ezahlukene (njengokhilimu, amajeli, izifutho) futhi usetshenziselwa izinjongo ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuza kuhlanganiswa nezinye izithako zokwelapha. Isibonelo, kungase kufike kuhlanganiswa nezinto ezifana ne -hydrocortisone (futhi umuthi wokungezwani nesikhumba), i-menthol (enikeza umuzwa wokupholisa esikhumbeni), noma i-methyl salicylate (umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu). Lezi zithako zengezwa ngokwenhloso umuthi ngamunye owenzelwe yona.

Zisetshenziselwani lezi zinto?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lezi zibulala-zinzwa ezisetshenziswa endaweni ethile zisiza ngani. Kunezimo lapho lezi zisetshenziswa ekhaya, kanye nezimo lapho odokotela bezisebenzisa ezibhedlela nasemakliniki.

Amathuba okusebenzisa ekhaya

Ama-anesthetics asetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesikhumba, ongawathenga ekhemisi, avame ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokulunywa okubangelwa yilokhu:

• Ukulunywa noma ukuhlatshwa yizinambuzane: Uma ulunywe yintuthwane, uhlatshwe umiyane, noma uhlatshwe yinyosi.
• Ukusha okuncane kanye nokushiswa yilanga.
• Ukusikeka okuncane, imihuzuko.
• Ezinye izinhlobo zokuqubuka kwesikhumba: Ikakhulukazi ukuqubuka okulumayo lapho kuvezwa i-poison ivy, i-poison oak, kanye ne-poison sumac.
• Ngenxa yobuhlungu nokulunywa okubangelwa ama-hemorrhoids .
• Uma umphimbo ubuhlungu (kukhona ama-spray).
• Ngezilonda zomlomo (`Izilonda zomdlavuza`) .
• Ukuluma okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane .

Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu: Lezi zibulala-zinhlungu ezisetshenziswa endaweni ziqeda izimpawu okwesikhashana kuphela. Azelaphi noma yisiphi isifo noma ziqede imbangela yalesi sifo. Isibonelo, uma une-eczema enzima noma ukutheleleka ngefungus, kufanele nakanjani ufune ukwelashwa kudokotela.

Amacala asetshenziswa odokotela

Manje ake sibone ukuthi odokotela basebenziselani lokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa lokhu kubulala izinzwa kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, bakusebenzisa ukudambisa ubuhlungu bomjovo, kanye nokunciphisa ubuhlungu bomjovo.

Ekwelapheni isikhumba:

• Nciphisa ubuhlungu ngaphambi komjovo: Isibonelo, lapho unikeza imijovo, noma lapho ufaka umugqa we-IV (umugqa we-intravenous) noma umugqa wemithambo yegazi.
• Nciphisa ubuhlungu ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezincane zesikhumba kanye nezinqubo ze-laser: Isibonelo, ukususwa kwezinwele nge-laser , ukususwa kwe-tattooNgezinto ezinjengokuthatha ingcezu encane yesikhumba ukuze ihlolwe (`Ukushefa noma ukukhipha izicubu`).
• Ngokuhlinzwa okuncane okuhlobene nezitho zangasese zabesilisa: Isibonelo, ukusoka , ukususwa kwenyama, kanye nokususwa kwezinhlungu zangasese.
• Ukuqeda izimpawu zezinye izimo zobuhlungu obungapheli: Isibonelo, ubuhlungu obubangelwa amafindo emisipha (`amaphuzu e-Myofascial trigger`) kanye nezimo ezifana ne -trigeminal neuralgia .

Ekwelashweni okuhlobene namehlo:

• Nciphisa ubuso beso: Kwezinye izivivinyo, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kukaSchirmer , kokuhlinzwa okuncane nge-laser, kanye nokujova ngaphakathi kwe-vitreal.

Ekwelashweni okuhlobene nomlomo nomphimbo:

• Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwamazinyo, qeda izinsini zibe buhlungu: Ngaphambi kokufaka umjovo wendawo wokubulala izinzwa osetshenziselwa ukukhipha noma ukugcwalisa izinyo.
• Nciphisa umlomo nomphimbo: Uma uhlola isiguli esiqaphile ngokufaka ipayipi emphinjeni waso (`Vuka i-fiberoptic intubation`) noma uhlole i-larynx (`Laryngoscopy`).
• Uma amathumba ekhula futhi egcwala ubomvu, ukuwasika nokuwasusa kunganciphisa ubuhlungu.

Ekwelashweni okwenziwa ngaphakathi kwendlebe (kulwelwesi lwe-tympanic):

• Nciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezifana ne -tympanocentesis, okuhilela ukususa uketshezi ngemuva kwe-eardrum .
• Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okufana ne-myringotomy .
• Uma ufaka, ususa, noma uphatha ithubhu le-tympanostomy.

Ekwelashweni okuhlobene nekhala kanye nomgodi wekhala:

• Hlola umgodi wekhala: Sebenzisa amathuluzi abizwa ngokuthi ama-endoscope aqinile noma aguquguqukayo ukuze ubheke ngaphakathi kwekhala.
• Siza ekulawuleni ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni ('Epistaxis').
• Ukuqeda ubuhlungu lapho kuphuka ikhala.

Lo muthi wokubulala izinzwa osebenza kanjani?

Kulula kakhulu. Lezi zibulala-zinzwa ezisetshenziswa endaweni ethile zivimba okwesikhashana izimpawu ezivela eziphethweni zezinzwa esikhumbeni sakho noma ezithweni zangasese esikhulume ngazo ekuqaleni. Cabanga nje, isikhumba sakho sizwa ubuhlungu, siyalunywa, noma sithintwa lapho umlayezo uthunyelwa ebuchosheni bakho ngemizwa. Lo muthi okwenziwa yilo mithi ukuvimba leyo miyalezo okwesikhashana. Yingakho ulahlekelwa umuzwa kuleyo ndawo. Kodwa lokhu kuyinto engabonakali , okusho ukuthi kuthinta kuphela izingqimba eziphezulu zesikhumba sakho. Akuthinti izindawo ezijulile.

Uzisebenzisa kanjani lezi zinto ngendlela efanele?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngisho noma uthenga umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ongaphandle ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, kufanele nakanjani ufunde imiyalelo ngokucophelela.Noma buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi. Iphakethe lichaza ngokucacile ukuthi kufanele ulisebenzise kuphi, malini, futhi kangaki.

Uma usebenzisa lolu hlobo lomuthi enganeni encane, hlola umkhawulo weminyaka ephaketheni lomuthi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyafaneleka kuleyo minyaka. Ngemva kokufaka lokhu esikhumbeni somntwana wakho, ungalokothi ukuvumele kungene emlonyeni wakhe. Lezi zidakamizwa zokubulala izinzwa ezisetshenziswa endaweni zingadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu uma zifakwa emlonyeni noma zigwinywa, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.

Uma ungasetshenziswa, gcina lo muthi endaweni ephephile kude nezingane nezilwane zasekhaya.

Iyini imiphumela emibi yalokhu?

Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswa endaweni, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ingahlanganiswa nezinye izithako zemithi, imiphumela emibi engaba khona nayo iyahlukahluka. Uma uthenga umuthi we-"OTC" ekhemisi, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda isigaba semiphumela emibi ephaketheni ngokucophelela.

Lezi zibulala-zinhlungu ezisetshenziswa endaweni yokwelapha ngokuvamile ziphephile . Imiphumela emibi ivame ukwenzeka uma usebenzisa umuthi omningi kakhulu (okungukuthi, uma umunca kakhulu emzimbeni wakho) noma uma ugwinya umuthi. Ngakho-ke landela imiyalelo yemithi oyithenga ekhemisi ngqo.

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nemiphumela emibi efana nale:

• Ukubona okufiphele noma okukabili .
• Ukuzwa kokukhala ezindlebeni (i-Tinnitus) .
• Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni .
• Isiyezi .
• Ukulala .
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (i-Tachycardia) noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) .
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Ukukhathala .
• Ukuphazamiseka noma ukudideka .
• Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha .
• Ukuquleka .

Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba

Nakuba kungavamile, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kule mithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziswa endaweni kungavela. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zifaka:

• Ukubomvu noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba okusabalala ngale kwendawo lapho umuthi usetshenziswe khona.
• Ukuluma isikhumba kakhulu.
• Ama-Hives .
• Ukuvuvukala `(Ukuvuvukala)` .

Ngokuvamile, ukungezwani komzimba okuncane kuzophela ngokwako ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa umuthi owubangele. Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka nokuba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela.

Lezi izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis):

* Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo.

*Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea), ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ukuphefumula kanzima.

* Isiyezi kanye/noma ukuquleka.

* Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza noma uhudo.

* Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi wesaba.

I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Esimweni esinjalo, shayela u-911 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo kuwe ngenkathi usebenzisa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa:

• Uma isifo osisebenzisayo singathuthuki zingakapheli izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, noma uma siba sibi kakhulu.
• Uma kuvela ukutheleleka kwesikhumba.
• Uma ugwinya umuthi omncane.

Kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngesikhathi esinjengalesi.

Ekugcineni, khumbula

Ngakho-ke, lezi zibulala-zinhlungu zangaphandle ziyinto enhle esiza ekunciphiseni okwesikhashana ubuhlungu nokulunywa esikhumbeni sethu kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Zingaba usizo ezinkingeni ezincane njengokulunywa yizinambuzane kanye nokuqubuka okuncane. Kodwa njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda imiyalelo ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi bese uwusebenzisa ngendlela efanele. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, noma uma isimo sakho singathuthuki ngemva kokuthatha umuthi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ungadinga ukwelashwa. Uyakwazi?

Umuthi wokwenza izinzwa zibe buhlungu, izinzwa ezibulala izinzwa, ubuhlungu besikhumba, ukulunywa, imiphumela emibi, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, usizo lokuqala