Ingabe uthola nekhala eligobhozayo njalo uma uvuka ekuseni? Noma uthola amaqhubu abomvu, alumayo emzimbeni wakho ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile? Lokhu kuyinto evamile kubantu abaningi. Imbangela yalokhu kungaba ukungezwani komzimba, noma ngokwezokwelapha, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi kuyini lokhu kungezwani komzimba, ukuthi kungani kwenzeka, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngakho.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukungezwani komzimba?
Ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho esabela ngokweqile entweni engeyona ingozi ngempela. Cabanga ngesimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba njengebutho elivikela izwe. Umsebenzi waleli butho ukuqaphela nokulwa nezitha, njengegciwane namagciwane, angena emzimbeni.
Kodwa amasosha omzimba omuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba azwela kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi lapho izinto ezivame ukungabi yingozi kwabanye, njengothuli, impova, nokudla okuthile (esikubiza ngokuthi yizinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ), zingena emzimbeni, amasosha omzimba acabanga ukuthi lesi sitha esikhulu sesifikile. Bese eqala ukulwa naso.
Lokhu kulwa kubangela izimpawu ezifana nokuqunjelwa, amehlo alumayo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala. Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zimpawu zincane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isimo esibi nesisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis singaba khona.
Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba (ama-Common Allergens)?
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba, noma izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba. Ake sibheke izinto ezivame kakhulu ezitholakala endaweni esikuyo.
| Uhlobo lwe-allergen | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izinto eziphefumulayo | Uthuli, izibungu zothuli, impova evela ezimbalini nasezihlahleni, isikhunta, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nesikhumba, kanye namaphela. |
| Izinhlobo zokudla | Ubisi, amaqanda, amantongomane anjengamakinati, ama-cashew, ukudla kwasolwandle okufana nenhlanzi, ama-shrimp, i-squid, ufulawa kakolweni (isinkwa), i-soy. |
| Izinambuzane | Ukuhlatshwa yizilwane ezifana nezinyosi, iminyovu, kanye nezimpondo. |
| Izinhlobo zemithi | Ama-antibiotic afana ne-penicillin, ama-painkiller afana ne-aspirin kanye ne-ibuprofen. |
| Izinto ezithinta isikhumba | I-latex (njengezigqoko zerabha), ezinye izimonyo, izinsimbi (njenge-nickel). |
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi yini onayo i-allergy nokuthi ingena kanjani emzimbeni.
- Izimpawu ezihlobene nekhala kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula: Uma uphefumula i-allergen, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nokuthimula njalo, ikhala eligobhozayo , ukuminyana kwamakhala, amehlo alumayo nekhala, amehlo anamanzi, ukukhwehlela, kanye nokuphefumula.
- Izimpawu zesikhumba: Ukudla okuthile, imithi, noma izinto ezithinta isikhumba kungabangela amaqhubu abomvu, alumayo emzimbeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-hives. I-Eczema ngezinye izikhathi ingabuye ibe yimbi ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba.
- Izimpawu zesistimu yokugaya ukudla: Ukudla ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba nakho kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo.
Okubalulekile: Ezinye izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula , ukuvuvukala komphimbo noma ulimi, isiyezi, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Esimweni esinjalo, kubalulekile ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma imithi yomkhuhlane ovamile etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ingazilawuli izimpawu zakho, noma uma usola ukuthi kuyi-allergy, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
Ngokuqondene,
- Uma uba nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso ).
- Uma ukungezwani komzimba kwakho kuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokuqala umuthi omusha.
- Uma usola ukuthi une- allergy yokudla.
Esimweni esinjengalesi, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela bese ucela iseluleko.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma ubona udokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho onesifo sokungezwani komzimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase benze izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unayo yini i-allergy.
1. Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlatshwa Kwesikhumba: Lolu ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka amaconsi amancane kakhulu ezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni sesandla sakho bese uklwebha ngobumnene ubuso besikhumba ngenaliti encane. Lokhu akulimazi. Phakathi nemizuzu eyi-15-20, indawo lapho unesifo sokungezwani komzimba khona izoba bomvu kancane futhi ivuvuke, njengokungathi ulunywe umiyane. Lokhu kuzotshela udokotela ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba yini.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Uma abanye abantu bengakwazi ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba (isib., abantu abanezinkinga zesikhumba, labo abathatha imithi ethile), isampula yegazi ingathathwa bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kubonakale ukuthi banayo yini i-allergies.
3. Inselele Yokudla Okudliwayo: Uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ukungezwani nokudla, udokotela uzonikeza isiguli inani elincane lokudla esibhedlela ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyenze ekhaya.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-allergies?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ukungezwani komzimba. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema ukungezwani komzimba ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa njengoba lokho kungenzeki njalo, kunemithi nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.
Imithi
- Ama-antihistamine: Lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu. Avimba ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine ekhiqizwa umzimba ngesikhathi sokusabela kokungezwani komzimba, elawula izimpawu ezifana nokulunywa, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Lawa atholakala ngesimo samaphilisi, amasiraphu, kanye nezifutho zamakhala.
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa eza ngesimo sokufutha kwamakhala, ama-inhaler, kanye nama-creams asetshenziswa endaweni yokwelapha. Asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-allergies.
- Ama-Decongestant: Lawa asetshenziswa njengesixazululo sesikhashana sokuminyana kwamakhala.
- Umjovo We-Epinephrine Ophuthumayo: Kubantu abane-allergies enzima (i-anaphylaxis), udokotela wakho angase akunike lo mjovo ukuze uwusebenzise esimweni esiphuthumayo. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uhlale useduze nayo.
Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Okwenzayo lapha ukuqala ngomthamo omncane kakhulu we-allergen onayo bese ukhulisa kancane kancane umthamo ngokuwunika umzimba wakho njengomjovo (Allergy Shots) noma iphilisi elingaphansi kolimi (SLIT). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba wakho uyajwayela i-allergen futhi ungasabeli kakhulu. Lokhu kufana 'nokukhipha iva ngeva'.
Izinto ongazenza ekhaya ukuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba
- Gcina ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile: Uma une-allergy othulini, sula uthuli ngendwangu emanzi. Geza amashidi akho ombhede kanye nama-pillowcases njalo ngamanzi ashisayo. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner enesihlungi se-HEPA.
- Qaphela ngesikhathi sesizini yempova ephezulu: Nciphisa ukuphuma ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi ekuseni, lapho izihlahla ziqhakaza futhi impova iphakeme. Shintsha izingubo bese ugeza ngemva kokuphuma.
- Qaphela ukudla: Yazi kahle ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba futhi ukugweme. Uma uthenga ukudla esitolo, buza ngezithako.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema endlini kungenza izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho esabela ngokweqile entweni engeyona ingozi.
- Isivikelo esingcono kakhulu ukuhlonza ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi ube nomzimba ongezwani nomzimba bese uzigwema kakhulu lezo zinto.
- Uma izimpawu zingalawulwa ngemithi ejwayelekile noma uma ukungezwani komzimba kukhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula nokuvuvukala kobuso, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo (i-anaphylaxis). Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Njalo phatha umjovo we-epinephrine ophuthumayo uma udokotela ekunike wona.
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