Ungase wesabe kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unenkinga nge-valve enhliziyweni yakho nokuthi idinga ukushintshwa. Ungase ucabange, "O, ingabe lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okukhulu okuzovula isifuba sakho?" Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kungathi sína futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukiswa. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngobuchwepheshe besimanje obukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe i-valve yenhliziyo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okukhulu kangaka, kodwa kuphela ngokusikwa okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-TAVR.
Iyini i-TAVR? Masiyiqonde kalula.
Incazelo ephelele ye-TAVR i- Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement . Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi i-TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation). Lokhu kuyinto efanayo.
Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukufaka esikhundleni ivalvu eyinhloko enhliziyweni yakho, ivalvu ye-aorta, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba sakho.
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengephampu yamanzi endlini. Njengoba nje le phampu ithumela amanzi endlini yonke, inhliziyo iphampa igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Isango eliyinhloko leli gazi eliphuma ngalo enhliziyweni yivalvu ye-aorta . Lokhu kufana nomnyango ovula indlela eyodwa kuphela. Uyavuleka lapho igazi liphuma, futhi uvale lapho lizama ukubuya. Lona umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu.
Uhlobo luni lwesimo sezokwelapha oludinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-TAVR?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenza i-TAVR yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Aortic Stenosis . Lokho kusho ukuthi i-valve ye-Aortic esikhulume ngayo ivinjiwe noma incishisiwe . Kufana nokuthi iminyango emibili ayivuli kahle, kodwa ivuleka kancane kuphela.
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani i-valve inganamathela kanje:
- Ukuguga: Njengoba ukhula, udlula iminyaka engu-70, ivalvu ingaba nkulu futhi ingasebenzi kahle ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-calcium. Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Kwabanye abantu, le valve ingaba buthaka ngokushesha ngenxa yezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso (isb., i-Bicuspid Aortic Valve) noma isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa amathambo esikhula ebuntwaneni.
Kwenzekani uma ivalvu ivalekile kanje? Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima kakhulu ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kufana nokufaka umthwalo owengeziwe kunjini ukuze kupompe amanzi ngepayipi elivalekile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka isikhathi eside, imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka, ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo.
Yini okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kwe-TAVR?
Uma unquma ukwenza i-TAVR, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana kusengaphambili ukuze ahlole ngokunembile isimo senhliziyo yakho futhi athole umbono wanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Ngokusekelwe kule miphumela yokuhlolwa, udokotela uzothatha isinqumo sokugcina sokuthi i-TAVR noma ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba esivulekile kungcono yini kuwe.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Kalula nje, wenzani ngakho? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Izinto ezifana nempilo yomzimba kanye nokusebenza kwezinso ziyabhekwa. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo Scan) | Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Babheka ukuthi ama-valve asebenza kanjani nokuthi aqine kangakanani. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo (isigqi) uyahlolwa. |
| I-CT Scan noma i-MRI Scan | Izithombe zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zithathwa ukuze kulinganiswe ngokunembile ubukhulu bama-valve kanye nendawo yemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Bahlola ezinye izithiyo emithanjeni yenhliziyo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. |
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngokuhlinzwa, umuthi wokubulala izinzwa, futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza amahora angu-4-6 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwe-TAVR?
Njengoba lokhu kungeyona indlela yokukhulisa amabele, akudingeki ukuthi ungazi lutho nhlobo. Ezimweni eziningi, uzonikezwa umuthi ozokwenza ulale kancane (ukupholisa). Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo kanje:
1. Udokotela wenhliziyo ohlinzayo wenza i-incision encane kakhulu ethangeni lakho elingaphezulu (noma mhlawumbe kwenye indawo entanyeni noma esifubeni sakho).
2. Ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lidlula endaweni yokusikwa, lidlule emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu, liye enhliziyweni.
3. Kungaphakathi kwaleli payipi lapho ivalvu entsha igoqwa khona ibe yingcezu encane bese ifakwa enhliziyweni lapho kukhona khona ivalvu endala, evalekile.
4. Uma isikhona, ivalvu entsha iyanwetshwa. Bese ingena endaweni yayo. Ivalvu endala ayisuswa , isunduzelwa eceleni yivalvu entsha.
5. Hlola ukuthi ivalvu entsha isebenza kahle yini nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza kwegazi.
6. Ekugcineni, i-catheter iyakhishwa, i-incision encane ivalwe ngokuthunga okukodwa noma okubili, bese kufakwa ibhandishi.
Inqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha cishe ihora noma amabili .
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-TAVR?
I-TAVR inezinzuzo eziningi kunokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile kwendabuko.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
- Akukho ukusikwa okukhulu: Asikho isidingo sokusika ithambo lesifuba noma ukususa izimbambo. Kukhona ukusikwa okuncane kakhulu.
- Ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo: Njengoba kungekho ukulimala okukhulu, ubuhlungu buyancipha, ukucindezeleka okuncane emzimbeni, kanye nokuphulukiswa okusheshayo.
- Ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane esibhedlela: Ezimweni eziningi , ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kungadingeka uhlale izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu.
- Ifanele iziguli ezisengozini enkulu: Le ndlela iyindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo asebekhulile kakhulu, abanezinye izifo eziningi, futhi abangakwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Izimo zengozi
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, i-TAVR inezingozi ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, amathuba okuba lokhu kwenzeke aphansi kakhulu .
- Uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo luyathinteka, mhlawumbe kudingeke kufakwe umshini wokushaya kwenhliziyo .
- Igazi elincane liyavuza lisuka ezinhlangothini zevalvu entsha.
- Ingozi encane yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
- Ukopha noma ukutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa.
- Ukulimala kwezinso noma imithambo yegazi.
Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngakho konke lokhu futhi akuchazele ukuthi kusebenza kangakanani esimweni sakho nokuthi yiziphi izingozi.
Ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzohlala embhedeni amahora ambalwa ukuze uphumule. Imithambo yegazi lapho kunqunywe khona izoboshwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha. Uzonikezwa imithi yokuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye nokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, gwema ukuphakamisa noma ukwenza imisebenzi enzima isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile cishe emavikini amabili. Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-10 ukululama ngokugcwele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzothunyelwa ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo , olufana nohlelo olukhethekile lokuzivocavoca olunqunywe udokotela ukuze kuqiniswe inhliziyo yakho.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha!
Uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka emzimbeni. |
| Izinguquko endaweni yokusikwa | Ubuhlungu obandayo, ukopha, ukuklwebheka, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ubuhlungu besifuba obusha noma obungavamile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula kanzima ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane. |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ubuthakathaka. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-TAVR inqubo yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe ethatha indawo ye-aortic valve yenhliziyo ngomsikelo omncane, ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba.
- Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, ukululama okusheshayo, kanye nesikhathi esincane kakhulu esichithwa esibhedlela.
- Lesi yisisombululo esihle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kulabo asebekhulile futhi abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha futhi abangakwazi ukuthwala izingozi zokuhlinzwa okuvulekile.
- I-TAVR ingase ingabi efanele wonke umuntu. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa nokuya emihlanganweni yokulandelela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
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