Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, kuvamile kakhulu ukuzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokushaqeka lapho uzwa igama elithi 'chemotherapy' ngokulandelayo. Uma sithi "chemotherapy" siba nombono onzima ezingqondweni zethu. Kodwa uma sinolwazi oluphelele ngale ndlela yokwelapha, uzothola amandla amakhulu okubhekana nalolu hambo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi iyini i-chemotherapy, kwenzekani ngayo, nokuthi ungayibhekana kanjani nayo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-chemotherapy?
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali uhlobo lomuthi olunamandla kakhulu olusetshenziswa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kufana nomuthi okhethekile ongena ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, ufune futhi ubulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa lokhu kwelashwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nokwelashwa ngamahomoni.
Kunezinhloso ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-chemotherapy ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele:
- Ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Ngemva kokuba umdlavuza usususiwe ngokuhlinzwa, lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi ngokubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase ahlale emzimbeni, angabonakali ngamehlo enyama. Lokhu kubizwa ngezokwelapha ngokuthi 'i-Adjuvant Therapy'.
- Nciphisa isimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma umdlavuza mkhulu, kunikezwa i-chemotherapy ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze inciphe. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukususa isimila ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Neo-adjuvant therapy'.
- Bulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba: Uma umdlavuza ususakazeke (ususakazeke) usuka ebeleni uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengesibindi, amaphaphu, noma amathambo, i-chemotherapy nayo isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa lawo maseli.
Wena nodokotela wakho nizonquma ndawonye ukuthi kunini lapho kungcono khona ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuthi yimiphi imithi ozoyisebenzisa, kanye nesimiso sakho sokwelashwa. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
Inikezwa kanjani i-chemotherapy?
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunganikezwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko. Enye iwukugwinya amaphilisi . Enye, evame ukwenziwa ezweni lakithi, iwukuyifaka emzimbeni ngemithambo efana ne-saline (efakwa emthanjeni noma nge-IV) .
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze ugweme inkinga yokuthola umthambo engalweni yakho nokufaka i-cannula njalo uma uthola ukwelashwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi ufake idivayisi encane (i-central port) ngaphansi kwesikhumba esifubeni sakho esingaphezulu. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi unikeze imithi futhi ukhiphe igazi kalula ngayo. Izosuswa uma ukwelashwa kwakho sekuqediwe.
Ukwelashwa kunikezwa 'ngemijikelezo'.Noma ngemijikelezo. Lokho kusho ukuthi unikeza umuthi izinsuku ezimbalwa, bese uyeka izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ukuze unike umzimba wakho ukuphumula. Bese uqala umjikelezo olandelayo futhi. Lolu hlelo lokwelapha luhlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Kuya ngohlobo lomdlavuza onalo.
Imithi esetshenziswa kakhulu yomdlavuza webele
Odokotela bavame ukunikeza hhayi nje eyodwa yale mithi, kodwa eminingana yayo 'ehlanganisweni'. Kufana 'neresiphi' ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Basebenzisa amagama amafushane kubo. Uma udokotela wakho ekubiza ngala magama, manje usungathola umbono omncane ngayo.
| Isigaba/igama lenhlanganisela yezidakamizwa | Imithi equkethwe (izibonelo) |
|---|---|
| I-Anthracyclines | I-Doxorubicin, i-Epirubicin |
| Ama-taxanes | I-Docetaxel, i-Paclitaxel (i-Taxol) |
| I-AC compound | I-Adriamycin (i-Doxorubicin) kanye ne-Cyclophosphamide |
| Inhlanganisela ye-CMF | I-Cyclophosphamide, i-Methotrexate, kanye ne-Fluorouracil (5-FU) |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho wezifo zomdlavuza akhethe umuthi noma inhlanganisela yemithi ekufanele kakhulu futhi ezokunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Uma i-chemotherapy ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ingathinta namanye amangqamuzana anempilo emzimbeni wethu ahlukana ngokushesha (isibonelo, amangqamuzana ezinwele, amangqamuzana olwelwesini lwemilomo yethu, kanye namangqamuzana egazi). Yingakho kuvela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa khumbula, iningi lale miphumela emibi lingeyesikhashana. Futhi manje kunemithi emihle kakhulu yokuyilawula.
Le miphumela emibi ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe kakhudlwana, abanye kancane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okutholayo.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Lokhu kungalawulwa kakhulu ngemithi enikezwa ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele | Kuyinto abantu abaningi abayesabayo, kodwa uma ukwelashwa sekuphelile, izinwele zizophinde zikhule. |
| Izilonda zomlomo | Ukubomvu emlonyeni, izilonda ezincane. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile nokudla ukudla okungenazinongo. |
| Ukukhathala | Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu, ngokungafani nokukhathala okuvamile. Kubalulekile ukuthola ukuphumula okwanele. |
| Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka | Njengoba amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ehla, ingozi yokuthola izifo iyanda. Ukugwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi nokugeza izandla kubalulekile. |
| I-Neuropathy | Ukuba ndikindiki, ukusha, kanye nobuhlungu ezithepheni zeminwe nezinzwane. Kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho ngalokhu. |
| Ukuphela kokuya esikhathini / ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini | Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini ingase ingabi njalo noma ime okwesikhashana/unomphela. Uma uhlela ukuba nezingane, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani i-chemo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umzimba wakho uqinile ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
- Phumula kahle.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco. Faka izithelo eziningi, imifino, ubhontshisi kanye nokolweni ophelele ekudleni kwakho.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Bona udokotela wamazinyo. Hlola noma yikuphi ukutheleleka emazinyweni nasezinsinini zakho bese welapha ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
- Yehlisa ukucindezeleka. Yenza into oyithandayo, uzindle, ukhulume nomuntu omethembayo.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kwegazi udokotela wakho akunikeza khona ukuze abone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho, isibindi kanye nezinso zakho zisebenza kahle yini.
Ungasibona kanjani isimo esiphuthumayo?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba amasosha omzimba wakho eba buthakathaka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele uziqaphele kakhulu. Uma unazo lezi, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma umkhuhlane uphakeme kuno-100.4°F (38°C).
- Uma unomkhuhlane ngenxa yokushaqeka. (Uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kudokotela, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. )
- Izilonda ezintsha noma amabala amhlophe emlonyeni, ulimi oluvuvukele.
- Ukoma, ukusha, kanye nokuklwebheka emphinjeni.
- Ukusha lapho uchama, isidingo sokuchama njalo, igazi emchameni.
- Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, noma isifo sohudo esihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili noma ezintathu.
- Igazi esitulweni.
Ngisho nangemva kokuba ukwelashwa sekuqediwe, udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokukuhlola njalo (ukulandelela). Ngokuvamile uzobona udokotela wakho okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-4-6 eminyakeni emihlanu yokuqala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuyindlela enamandla futhi ephumelelayo yokwelapha umdlavuza webele. Ungakwesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, kodwa eminingi yayo ingeyesikhashana. Futhi kunemithi eminingi emihle nezindlela zokuyilawula nokunciphisa ukungakhululeki kwayo.
- Ungalokothi unqikaze ukutshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nakho, ngisho noma kuncane kakhulu.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani bakho bonke bakhona ukuzokusiza.
- Qaphela izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.
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