Cabanga ukuthi udle ama-cashew ephathini nabangani, noma udle irayisi nesitshulu esimnandi sama-shrimp. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana, umzimba wakho wonke uqala ukulunywa, ubuso bakho buyavuvukala, futhi uba nobunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu akuyona into evame ukwenzeka uma ukudla kunamafutha. Lokhu kungaba ukusabela okungathi sína kakhulu, okusongela ngisho nokuphila. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi simo esiyingozi, kodwa uma wazi, esingalawuleki, esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis .
Kalula nje, kuyini i-anaphylaxis?
I-Anaphylaxis iwukusabela kokungezwani komzimba okungazelelwe, okunzima, futhi ngezinye izikhathi okusongela impilo. Kwenzeka lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba , lusabela ngokweqile entweni engeyona ingozi ngempela (njengokudla noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane).
Kalula nje, amasosha omzimba ethu abona into engenangozi njenge "isitha esikhulu." Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba ukhiqiza iphrotheni ekhethekile (i-antibody) ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Immunoglobulin E' noma i-'(IgE)'. Uma uphinda ubhekene ne-allergen, le '(IgE)' iyanamathela kuyo, okwenza umzimba ukhiphe inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali . Enye yezinto eziyinhloko yi -'histamine' . Le histamine ibangela izimpawu eziningi ezinzima ze-anaphylaxis. Lokhu kusabela kubangela ukuvuvukala , ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi ngokuzumayo, kanye nokwanda kwemithambo yegazi. Uma lesi simo singaphathwa kahle, isiguli singaba nesifo sokwethuka kwe-anaphylactic futhi sife.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?
Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zivame ukuqala ngemizuzu embalwa ngemva kokuchayeka ku-allergen, yize ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha ihora noma amabili.
- Izimpawu zokuqala: Kungase kuqale ngokubabaza kakhulu amehlo noma ubuso. Abanye abantu bangase baqale ukubabaza umzimba wabo wonke.
- Izinguquko zesikhumba: Kuvela amaqhubu abomvu, avuvukele, alumayo esikhumbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungabonakala ukuvuvukala okukhulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okubizwa ngokuthi ``i-Angioedema``.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Lolu uphawu oluyingozi kakhulu. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi umphimbo wakho uyacinana, okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya, futhiKunzima ukuphefumula . Kungase kube nokuqina kwesifuba noma ukuphefumula.
- Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla: Kungase kube nobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu, kanye nesifo sohudo.
- Imiphumela enhliziyweni nasekujikelezeni kwegazi: Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo, ukuzizwa unesizungu, ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe, ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi ngenxa yokwehla komfutho wegazi.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, uma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu zibonakala ngokushesha kakhulu, ungacabangi ukuthi kuyisifo esivamile sokungezwani komzimba. Kungaba yi-anaphylaxis.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-anaphylaxis?
Kunezinto eziningana ezingadala lesi simo esibi kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba kwenye yalezi zinto, kanti abanye bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba kwezinye zazo.
| Isigaba Sokuqalisa | Izibonelo Ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Izinhlobo zokudla | Amantongomane afana namantongomane nama-cashew, ama-shellfish afana nama-shrimp, i-crab, ne-squid, ubisi lwenkomo, amaqanda amhlophe, kanye nembewu yesesame. |
| Ukulunywa yizinambuzane | Ukulunywa yizinyosi noma yizinyosi kuvame kakhulu. |
| Izinhlobo zemithi | Ama-antibiotic afana ne-penicillin, kanye neminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu. |
| Ukuzivocavoca umzimba | Kwabanye abantu, lesi simo singavela kuphela uma bezivocavoca ngokushesha ngemva kokudla ukudla abangezwani nakho. |
Ezinye izindlela zokusabela ezifana ne-anaphylaxis (i-Anaphylactoid Reactions)
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusabela okufana ne-anaphylaxis kungenzeka, futhi nakho kungaba kubi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubangelwa yi-antibody `(IgE)`. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi:
- Amadayi aqukethe i-iodine asetshenziswa ezivivinyweni ezifana nama-X-ray.
- I-aspirin kanye neminye imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID).
- Ezinye izidakamizwa ezinamandla zokudambisa izinhlungu (imithi ye-opioid).
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ukwelashwa okungasindisa impilo!
Into ebaluleke kakhulu sonke okudingeka siyiqonde lapha ukuthi i-anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Akuyona into enhle ukuzama ukuyelapha ekhaya.
Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwalokhu kuphela umjovo we-epinephrine (adrenaline). Uma lo mjovo usunikeziwe, izimpawu ziqala ukuncipha.
Ngokuvamile, kulabo abasengozini, udokotela uzokunikeza idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-auto-injector." Lena idivayisi efana nepeni. Esimweni esiphuthumayo , ungazijova ngalo mjovo ngokuwucindezela ngemuva kwethanga lakho.
Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi wena noma omunye umuntu unesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ungangabazi ukugonywa. Ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ngokuphelele ngezimpawu zakho, gonywa. Ukugonywa ngeke kulimaze lutho.
Ngemva komjovo, noma ngabe izimpawu zakho ziyancipha, kubalulekile ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusabela kwesibili kungenzeka emahoreni ambalwa kamuva. Esibhedlela, uzonikezwa ukwelashwa okwengeziwe (uketshezi lwe-IV, ama-antihistamine, ama-steroid) kanye nokubhekwa.
Ngikulungele kanjani lokhu?
Uma une-allergies enzima, kungcono ungesabi futhi uhlakaniphe futhi ulungiselele.
1. Bona udokotela wakho: Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho bese uthola ukuthi usengozini yokuthola i-anaphylaxis. Uma kunjalo, uzokunikeza umuthi wokujova i-epinephrine auto-injector.
2. Hlala uphethe umuthi wokugoma: Uma unikezwe umuthi wokujova ngokuzenzakalelayo, hlala uphethe emibili nomaphi lapho uya khona. Uma usebenzisa owodwa, ungase uwudinge omunye.
3. Gwema izinto ezikubangela i-allergy: Uma wazi ukuthi yini ekwenza uzwele, gwema lezo zinto ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uthenga ukudla esitolo, buza ngezithako.
4. Tshela abanye: Tshela umndeni wakho, abangani abaseduze, kanye nabantu osebenza nabo mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-auto-injector uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
5. Gqoka ikhadi le-ID yezokwelapha:Ukugqoka isongo sezokwelapha, isongo esilengayo, noma ikhadi esikhwameni sakho semali elikhuluma ngokungezwani komzimba kwakho kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo yakho esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Nakuba i-anaphylaxis kuyinto okufanele siyesabe, uma saziswa kahle ngayo futhi sithatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo, singayiphatha kahle leyo ngozi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anaphylaxis iwukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okwenzeka ngokushesha futhi okungaba yingozi empilweni. Akuyona i-rash evamile.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso/umphimbo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokuqubuka okukhulu kwesikhumba yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwalokhu umjovo we -epinephrine (adrenaline) . Ngisho noma ungabaza, ungesabi ukuwusebenzisa.
- Ngemva kokuthola umjovo we-epinephrine, kubalulekile ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze, noma ngabe izimpawu ziyancipha.
- Uma usengozini yokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, hlala uphethe ama-epinephrine auto-injector amabili owanikezwe udokotela wakho.
- Yazisa umndeni, abangani, nodokotela mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho.
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