Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi 'une-Stage 0 Breast Cancer', cishe unemibuzo eminingi nokwesaba okufika engqondweni yakho, akunjalo? Kuvamile ukuthi izinto ezinjengokuthi "Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi nginomdlavuza ngempela?" kanye nokuthi "Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi?" zifike engqondweni yakho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Iyini ngempela le 'sigaba 0'?
Empeleni lokhu kuyindaba eyinkimbinkimbi. Abanye odokotela babheka lokhu njengesigaba sokuqala somdlavuza webele. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi 'kuwumdlavuza wangaphambi komdlavuza' ongakhula ube umdlavuza.
Kalula nje, umdlavuza yisimo lapho amangqamuzana emzimbeni ehlukana khona ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki. Lawa maseli angaphinde ahlasele izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Kodwa-ke, ku -Stage 0 Breast Cancer , lawa maseli angajwayelekile asesakhiweni sobisi lwebele kuphela. Awakasabalali (angena emzimbeni) ezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi yisigaba esingesithuthuki kakhulu futhi esisesincane kakhulu kune-Stage 1.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi simo:
1. I-Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): Uma sikhuluma ngomdlavuza webele wesigaba 0, sivame ukusho lesi simo. Lapha, amangqamuzana angajwayelekile angaphakathi kwemisele yobisi kuphela. Awasakazeki ezicutshini zamafutha ezakha ingxenye enkulu yebele. Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa okwamanje. Abantu abaningi ababi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lawa maseli angajwayelekile angakhula abe umdlavuza osakazeka esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa ayikho indlela yokusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokho kuzokwenzeka noma cha.
2. Isifo se-Paget esingenasihlaseli se-nipple: Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lomdlavuza webele.
Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zalesi simo?
Esikhathini esiningi, umdlavuza webele weSigaba 0 awubonisi zimpawu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kuvele izimpawu ezithile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isimo | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Isifo sikaPaget seNgono |
|
| I-DCIS (i-Ductal Carcinoma Esimweni) |
Ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola umdlavuza webele weSigaba 0 iwukuhlola njalo . Ama-mammogram ayindlela evame kakhulu yokuthola lesi simo. Eqinisweni, amacala e-DCIS angaphezu kuka-90% atholakala ngokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa. Yingakho odokotela beluleka abesifazane ukuba bahlolwe besebancane.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?
Izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza webele weSigaba 0 zifana kakhulu nezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza webele ojwayelekile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini. Ukuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zici akusho ukuthi uzosithola lesi sifo nakanjani, kodwa kusho ukuthi ingozi yakho iphakeme kancane.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. |
| Umlando womndeni | Ukuba nesihlobo esiseduze (umama, udadewabo) onomdlavuza webele. |
| Ukungabi nabantwana | Abesifazane abangakaze babelethe basengozini enkulu. |
| Ingane yokuqala | Ukuthola umntwana wakho wokuqala ngemva kweminyaka engama-30. |
| Umlando womuntu siqu | Ukuba nezifo zebele ezingezona ezomdlavuza ngaphambilini (isib. i-Atypical Hyperplasia). |
| Ukuya esikhathini | Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12 noma ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwenzeka ngemva kweminyaka engama-55. |
| Umehluko wezakhi zofuzo | Ukuba nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okwaziwa ngokwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma usutholakale une-DCIS, umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa uzofaka 'ibanga'. Ibanga lesi-3 lenuzi uhlobo oluvame ukusabalala, kanti ibanga loku-1 uhlobo oluvame ukusabalala. Amaseli akho omdlavuza nawo azohlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi anama-receptor e-estrogen. Uma ene -ER-positive (ER+) , lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza cishe uzokhula kancane.
Kanye nakho konke lokhu, udokotela wakho angase futhi akuphakamise ukuthi uhlolwe izakhi zofuzo.
Lokho okwenzayo ngokulandelayo kuncike kuzo zonke lezi zici, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukuthola ukwelashwa. Ngoba yize umdlavuza weSigaba 0 ungasabalali, ungashintsha esikhathini esizayo, bakholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukuphepha kunokuzisola.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile ze-DCIS zifaka:
- Ukuhlinzwa: Kuma-tumor amancane e-DCIS, kungenziwa i-lumpectomy, esusa amaseli angajwayelekile kanye nenani elincane lezicubu zebele ezizungezile. Abanye abantu bakhetha i-mastectomy, esusa lonke ibele. Ukuhlinzwa kokwakhiwa kabusha kwebele kungenziwa uma kudingeka.
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kokususwa kwe-lumpectomy. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusiza ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amaseli angajwayelekile angasuswanga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokubuya komdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Lokhu kwelashwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza omusha ukuthi ungakhuli kuwo womabili amabele.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-chemotherapy isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-DCIS.Lokhu akudingekile. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ingozi yokuthi la maseli asakazekele ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba iphansi kakhulu.
Kungcono yini ukubukela nokulinda ngaphandle kokwelashwa?
Lolu udaba olubucayi kakhulu futhi olubalulekile. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu abane-DCIS banethuba lokuthola umdlavuza ohlaselayo esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, abanye odokotela bangase batuse indlela 'yokulinda nokulinda', ngokuhlolwa njalo, kunokwelashwa ngokushesha.
Lokhu kuyimpikiswano. Cabanga nje, uma uhlinzwe (mhlawumbe ngokwelashwa ngemisebe) ngesikhathi esisodwa, ubungavikeleka ekutholeni umdlavuza ongeke usasakazeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungase futhi welashwe ngendlela engadingeki ngempela.
Kodwa uma unquma ukweqa ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe ekuqaleni bese umane uhlolwe njalo, kunethuba elincane lokuthi umdlavuza uzoba usuthuthuke kakhulu (kunzima ukuwulapha) ngesikhathi odokotela bewuthola. Lesi yisinqumo sakho siqu okufanele wena nodokotela wakho nisixoxe ngokucophelela.
Lingakanani izinga lokululama kwalesi simo?
Nazi izindaba ezinhle. Uma uneSigaba 0 Somdlavuza Webele, amathuba akho okululama nokusinda ngokuphelele aphezulu kakhulu kunalawo anomdlavuza weSigaba III noma IV. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sifo asikasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 kubantu abanomdlavuza webele 'wendawo' (okungukuthi, izimo lapho amangqamuzana angavamile esesebeleni, njengeSigaba 0) lingu-99% . Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu otholakale enomdlavuza weSigaba 0 unethuba elingu-99% lokusinda eminyakeni emi-5 ezayo, njengoba kunjalo nangomuntu ongenawo umdlavuza.
Cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu abasanda kutholakala ukuthi banomdlavuza webele yi-DCIS. Kodwa cishe wonke umuntu onalesi simo angelapheka ngokuphelele. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi i-DCIS ibuye ngemva kokwelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isigaba 0 Umdlavuza Webele uyisigaba sokuqala kakhulu somdlavuza. Lapha, amangqamuzana angavamile awakasabalali ngaphandle kwemisele yobisi.
- Esikhathini esiningi, lesi simo asinazo izimpawu. Sitholakala ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-mammogram.
- Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha. Kufanele ukhethe okukufanele kakhulu ngemva kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali akudingeki kulesi simo.
- Ungakhathazeki. Izinga lokusinda kwabantu abaneSigaba 0 somdlavuza webele liphezulu kakhulu.Ngokwelashwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukululama okuphelele.
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