Ingabe nawe uzizwa unesizungu noma unekhanda elibuthakathaka? Lokhu kungaba ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-vertebrobasilar!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesizungu, unesizungu, noma ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho lapho uhamba? Abanye abantu baphinde bakhulume kabi lapho bekhuluma. Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu njengezivamile. Zingaba izimpawu zesimo esinciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emuva kobuchopho bakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency (VBI) .

Kuyini ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-vertebrobasilar (VBI)?

Kalula nje, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-vertebrobasilar (VBI) yisimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emuva kobuchopho bakho kuncipha noma kumiswe khona. Le ngxenye engemuva yobuchopho bethu inesibopho sokulawula ibhalansi nokunyakaza. Ngakho cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela uma le ngxenye ingatholi igazi elanele.

Iningi labantu abane-VBI banezinkinga zempilo ezincane kuphela. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sikubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuba nesifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (TIA) , isimo esifana ne-mini-stroke. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu futhi singabangela ukukhubazeka impilo yonke noma ngisho nokufa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Odokotela bavame ukwelapha lesi simo se-VBI ngokunikeza iseluleko ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, futhi uma kudingeka, banikeze imithi. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemva kwalezi zinyathelo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-VBI?

Yebo, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa olukhethekile. Lubizwa ngokuthi yi -Transient Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency . Lokhu akuvamile. Lesi simo senzeka uma ujika noma ujika ikhanda lakho. Odokotela basibiza nangokuthi:

• Isifo sokuzingela i-Bow
• I-syncope ephendula ikhanda
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-vertebrobasilar

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye ebuchosheni uvaleka okwesikhashana lapho ikhanda liphendulwa.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-VBI?

Usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-VBI uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala futhi unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma unesifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma isifo semithambo ye-peripheral (i-PAD) , okuyizinkinga zemithambo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni nasezithweni ezikude njengemilenze nezingalo.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela .
• Uma othile emndenini wake waba ne-VBI ngaphambili (isixhumanisi sofuzo).
• Uma une -high blood pressure (Hypertension) noma amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini lakho .
• Uma unomlando wokubhema.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, okungukuthi, uma kukhona ukukhuluphala okukhulu.
• Uma une-plaque yamafutha ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, kusho ukuthi une -atherosclerosis .
• Uma izinga lamafutha egazini liphakeme, libizwa ngokuthi i-hyperlipidemia .

Izimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezingavimba umthambo wegazi nazo zandisa ingozi ye-VBI. Isibonelo:

• I-Atrial fibrillation (i-Afib) (isifo senhliziyo esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwesigqi)
• Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi
• Ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo (i-infective endocarditis)
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yomgogodla ( ukudabuka odongeni lomthambo we-ventricular othwala igazi liye ebuchosheni)

Ngokwezibalo, amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola i-VBI kunabesifazane. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu phakathi kwamaqembu athile ezinhlanga.

Ivame kangakanani i-VBI?

Kuthiwa cishe abantu abangu-25% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70, noma cishe oyedwa kwabane, bangaba ne-VBI. Ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into engakaze izwakale nhlobo.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-VBI?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-VBI ezimweni eziningi yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis . Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) akhiwe yi-cholesterol ne-calcium eqoqana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ewanciphisa futhi enciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Kufana nokungcola okubhajwa epayipini lamanzi.

Kunezinye izizathu ezivamile:

• Isifo semithambo yegazi engena ngaphakathi ( ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu ebuchosheni)
• I-pulmonary embolism (ukugoba kwegazi emaphashini - lokhu kungaba nomphumela ongaqondile)
• Ukuqhekeka komthambo womgogodla ( ukudabuka kodonga lomthambo womgogodla)

Kukhona nezizathu ezingavamile:

• Izifo zegazi (i-Coagulopathy)
• Ukulutheka kwezidakamizwa
• I-Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) (ukukhula okungavamile kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu le-Migraine - Ezinye izinhloko ezibuhlungu ze-migraine zingahlotshaniswa nalesi simo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-VBI?

Umuntu one-VBI angase abe nezimpawu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lezi zingase zivele ngokuzumayo futhi zinyamalale ngemva kwesikhashana, noma zingase ziqhubeke njalo.

• Izinkinga zokulinganisela : isiyezi, ukuzizwa sengathi izinto ziyakuzungeza ( vertigo ). Cabanga nje, uma uzizwa unesiyezi ngisho noma umi nje, ubungazizwa kanjani uma uhamba?
• Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ( ukuhlanya ).
• Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla ( i-dysphagia ).
• Izifo ezithinta ukunyakaza kanye nokuxhumana ( ataxia)) - Kufana nokuthi awukwazi ukuhamba, kunzima ukulawula izitho zakho.
• Ukubona kabili noma ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokuzumayo ( i-syncope ).
• Ukuba ndikindiki engxenyeni yomzimba wakho.
• Ukungaqondi kahle nokungaqondi kahle amagama lapho ukhuluma ( dysarthria ).
• Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo nokuwa phansi (ukuhlaselwa ngamaconsi).
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo (Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo).
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zivela ngokuzumayo futhi ziphinde zibuye, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha, njengoba zingaba uphawu lwesifo sohlangothi.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-VBI?

Uma ubona udokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase benze ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa isimo esiqondile.

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:
• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan) noma i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ithatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi ngemuva kobuchopho bakho. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-Angiography: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olusebenzisa izithombe ze-X-ray ukuhlola imithambo yegazi yakho (imithambo yegazi). Ngezinye izikhathi, uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi wokungafani) lufakwa emithanjeni ukuze kudalwe lezi zithombe.
• I-CTA (i-computed tomography angiography) noma i-MRA (i-magnetic resonance angiography): Lezi zivivinyo zingaveza izithombe ezicacile kakhulu, ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zemithambo yegazi yakho.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kuhlola ukuthi amakamelo nama-valve enhliziyo asebenza kanjani, nokuthi inhliziyo ipompa kanjani igazi (isenzo sokupompa).
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG): Lokhu kulinganisa ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho. Kungabona noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo yakho.
• I-Holter monitor: Lena idivayisi encane egqokwa emzimbeni wakho amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48. Iqopha njalo umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi evamile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwesikhathi se-prothrombin (PT) kanye nesikhathi se-partial thromboplastin (PTT) : Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kukala isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze igazi lakho lijiye.

Akuzona zonke lezi zivivinyo ezizodingeka. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele uzi-ode ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nesimo sakho.

Iphathwa kanjani i-VBI?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

1. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila:

Ngokuvamile, into yokuqala okufanele uyizame ukunciphisa izimpawu ngokwenza izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila.

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyimbangela yezifo eziningi.
• Lawula i-cholesterol ngokushintsha indlela odla ngayo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Ngisho nento elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku ingenza umehluko omkhulu.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema: Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyenze nakanjani.

2. Imithi (imithi):

Udokotela angase akunike imithi yokulawula izinkinga zempilo.

• Imithi elawula ukujiya kwegazi: Njenge-aspirin.
• Imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi.
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
• Imithi yokulawula isifo sikashukela.

3. Ukuhlinzwa:

Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi kungabuyiseli ukugeleza kwegazi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlinzwa.

• Ukususwa kwe-carotid endarterectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ngokuhlinzwa ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu entanyeni (umthambo we-carotid).
• I-Coronary angioplasty kanye ne-stent: Uma umthambo wegazi enhliziyweni uvalekile, kusetshenziselwa i-mesh yensimbi (i-stent) enebhaluni elincane elifakiwe ngaphakathi ukuze kwandiswe umthambo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Coronary artery bypass: Umthambo wegazi owonakele enhliziyweni ushintshwa umthambo wegazi ophilile othathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.
• Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwemithambo yomgogodla: Kulungisa ngokuhlinzwa umonakalo emithanjeni yomgogodla ethwala igazi liye ebuchosheni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-VBI Yesikhashana:

Njengokwelashwa kwesimo se-VBI esikhulume ngaso ngaphambili, okwenzeka uma uphendula ikhanda lakho:

• I-brace noma ikhola yentamo.
• Imithi.
• Ukuhlinzwa, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlinzwa komgogodla okungangenisi kakhulu, kungenzeka.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola i-VBI?

Uma ulandela lawa macebiso, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola i-VBI:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, nokudla okucebile nge-fiber. Nciphisa uwoyela, ushukela, nosawoti.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukulawula amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Uma unezinye izimo zempilo, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela, zilawule ngendlela efanele ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema.

Lezi zinto zisiza ekuvikeleni hhayi kuphela kwi-VBI, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi.

Sinjani isimo sempilo somuntu one-VBI? (Outlook)

Ukubikezela komuntu one-VBI kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Izinga lokusebenza kobuchopho okuthinteke ngalo (ubunzima bokuntula kwemizwa) .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke waba nesifo sohlangothi ngaphambilini.
• Ubudala.
• Zikhona yini ezinye izinkinga zempilo?

Uma i-VBI iba nkulu, ingaholela ekukhubazekeni ngisho nasekufeni. Kodwa-ke, uma iqashelwa kusenesikhathi futhi iphathwa kahle, imiphumela emihle kakhulu ingatholakala.

Ingabe i-VBI ingadala imiphumela yesikhathi eside?

Abantu abaningi abanezimpawu ezincane bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zinkulu, bangase badinge izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka, yokuvuselelwa.

Ezinye zezinkinga (izinkinga) ezingase zivele ngenxa ye-VBI yilezi:

• Amahlule egazi emilenzeni - I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .
• Ukugoba kwegazi emaphashini - i- Pulmonary Embolism .
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukukhubazeka noma ukuba ndikindiki.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu ( i-gastritis ).
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ( i-myocardial infarction) .
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu.
• Ukulimala kwengcindezi / izilonda zokulala.
• Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma i-transient ischemic attack (TIA) .
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Ingabe i-VBI ingaphinde ivele ngemva kokwelashwa?

Izinga lokuphindeka kwe-VBI liphakathi kuka-10% no-15%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ungalulama, kunethuba lokuthi lizobuya. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.

Uma ngine-VBI, ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-VBI, kubalulekile ukufunda ngezinto ezahlukene ezingakusiza ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Ungadinga usizo ngezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuqeqeshwa kwesinyi kanye namathumbu.
• Iseluleko sokudla okunempilo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha ekhaya.
• Ukufundisa indlela yokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Lezi zinhlobo zokwelapha zingaba usizo kuwe:

• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kukufundisa ukuthi ungenza kanjani imisebenzi yansuku zonke wedwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Kuthuthukisa ukunyakaza komzimba, amandla, kanye nokulinganisela.
• Ukwelapha ngenkulumo: Kusiza ngezinkinga zokukhuluma nokugwinya.

Ungase udinge nosizo lomhlengikazi onakekela ekhaya ukuze aqaphe inqubo yakho yokululama.

Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya: Sifundeni kulokhu?

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-vertebrobasilar (VBI) esikhulume ngakho namuhla.Kuyisimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emuva kobuchopho kuncipha khona. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokuzungeza, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umzimba, kanye nobunzima bokukhuluma. Imbangela eyinhloko ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yamafutha agciniwe (i-atherosclerosis).

Ungakhathazeki! Esikhathini esiningi, lesi simo singalawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi. Abanye abantu bangadinga ngisho nokuhlinzwa.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungakusiza ukuthi uzelaphe kalula futhi kuvimbele ukwakheka kwezimo ezingathi sína.

Izinto ezifana nokwelashwa ngokomsebenzi, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokwelashwa ngenkulumo kungasiza ekwenzeni impilo yakho yansuku zonke ibe lula. Hlala uphilile!

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe - vertebrobasilar, i-VBI, i-cerebral ischemia, isiyezi, ukukhubazeka, i-TIA, i-Atherosclerosis, isifo sohlangothi