Uma wena noma umuntu oseduze nawe etholakala enomdlavuza webele, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile futhi udidekile lapho uxoxa ngezindlela zokwelapha. Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukukhumbula amagama emithi emisha lapho odokotela bekhuluma ngayo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesidakamizwa esisodwa esinjalo, i-abemaciclib. Ake sixoxe kalula nangokucacile ngokuthi siyini lesi sidakamizwa, ukuthi sisebenza kanjani, nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele lapho usithatha.
Uhlobo luni lomuthi iVerzenio futhi lusebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, i-Verzenio uhlobo lomuthi ovimba ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza. Ngokwezokwelapha, iyingxenye yeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-kinase inhibitors".
Manje ake ucabange ukuthi ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba wethu kunezithunywa ezincane ezithumelana imiyalezo. Lokhu kushintshana kwemiyalezo yikho okunquma ukuthi iseli kufanele lihlukane noma likhule. Sibiza lezi zithunywa ngokuthi ama-enzyme. Emdlavuzeni, ezinye zalezi zithunywa ziba matasa kakhulu futhi ziqhubeka nokuthumela umlayezo ongalungile kumaseli omdlavuza, ziwatshela ukuthi "ahlukane ngokushesha, akhule ngokushesha."
I-Verzenio ihlose izithunywa ezimbili ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-cyclin-dependent kinases 4 kanye ne-6', noma i-CDK4 kanye ne-CDK6 ngamafuphi. Lezi ezimbili yizo ezimbili ezisiza kakhulu amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukukhula nokuhlukana. I-Verzenio yenza lokhu kanye "ngokuvimba" isenzo salezi zithunywa ezimbili. Ivimba lowo myalezo ukuthi uye esitokisini somdlavuza. Ngemuva kwalokho amangqamuzana omdlavuza alahlekelwa yisignali yokukhula nokuhlukana. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayeke ukukhula noma ubukhulu besimila bunciphe.
Uhlobo luni lomdlavuza webele olunikezwa iVerzenio?
I-Verzenio akuyona indlela yokwelapha yonke imidlavuza yebele. Isetshenziswa ngqo emidlavuza enezici ezithile.
Kunjalo:
- I-Hormone Receptor (HR)-positive: Lokhu kusho ukuthi la maseli omdlavuza asebenzisa ama-hormone, njenge-estrogen, ukuze akhule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-hormone “awukudla” kwala ma-cancer.
- I-HER2-negative: Futhi, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza alukhiqizi iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-HER2' ebusweni bayo.
I-Verzenio ivame ukunqunyelwa abantu abanalezi zici zombili, abanomdlavuza webele osesigabeni sokuqala , futhi abasengozini enkulu yokuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye ngemva kokwelashwa. Ukuthi "isigaba sokuqala" kusho ukuthi umdlavuza awusakazekanga ngale kwebele noma ama-lymph node aseduze.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-Verzenio akuyona imithi ezimele yodwa. Inikezwa kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone ngemva kokwelashwa okuyinhloko njengokuhlinzwa kanye ne-chemotherapy sekuqediwe.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
I-Verzenio iyiphilisi oligwinyayo. Qaphela lezi zinto uma ulisebenzisa.
- Isilinganiso: Ngokuvamile kunqunywa ukuthi kuthathwe kabili ngosuku.
- Isikhathi sosuku: Zama ukuphuza umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, okungcono ekuseni nakusihlwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga afanayo omuthi emzimbeni wakho.
- Ukuthatha kanye nokudla: Leli philisi lingathathwa kanye nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Akukho nkinga ngalokho.
- Indlela yokugwinya: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu! Ithebhulethi kumele igwinywe yonke . Ungalokothi uyichoboze, uyihlafune, noma uyiphule. Uma unethebhulethi ephukile noma eqhekeziwe, ungawasebenzisi bese utshela udokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlanza: Uma uhlanza ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha umuthi, yeqa lowo mthamo . Ungaphuzi elinye iphilisi. Thatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esibekiwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Verzenio komdlavuza webele osesigabeni sokuqala kuvame ukunikezwa iminyaka efinyelela kwemi-2. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyamiswa uma umdlavuza ubuya, uma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu, noma uma isikhathi seminyaka emi-2 sesiphelile. Uma unemiphumela emibi ethile, udokotela wakho angase ehlise umthamo wakho noma ayeke ukuthatha umuthi isikhashana bese ewuqala futhi.
Isebenza kangakanani iVerzenio?
Impumelelo yeVerzenio iqinisekiswe ngezivivinyo ezinkulu zezokwelapha. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulezi yisilingo sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi `i-monarchE`.
Kulolu cwaningo, kwasetshenziswa iziguli ezingu-5,637 ezinezinhlobo zomdlavuza webele ezishiwo ngenhla. Zahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili.
1. Iqembu elilodwa lanikezwa ukwelashwa ngama-hormone nge-Verzenio .
2. Elinye iqembu lanikezwa ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuphela .
Base belandela laba bantu iminyaka emine. Babheka ukuthi bangaki abantu abasinda ngaphandle kokubuya komdlavuza, ukuba nomdlavuza omusha, noma ukufa. Lesi silinganiso sibizwa ngokuthi ukusinda okungenazifo okungenayo i-invasive (IDFS).
Imiphumela ngemva kweminyaka emi-4 imi kanje:
- I-IDFS yalabo abathola ukwelashwa ngama-hormone nge-Verzenio yayingu- 85.5% .
- I-IDFS yalabo abathola ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kuphela yayingu -78.6% .
Lokhu kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukufaka i-Verzenio kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza cishe ngo-6.9%.Lokhu kuyintuthuko enkulu ekwelashweni komdlavuza esigabeni sokuqala.
Uzoqashwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
I-Verzenio iqala ukusebenza emzimbeni wakho kusukela ngosuku oqala ngalo ukuyithatha. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izinto ezahlukene ukuqapha inqubekela phambili yokwelashwa kwakho.
- Ama-scan: Ngokuvamile, cishe emavikini ayisithupha ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa, uzobe usuhlolwe ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza usabela kanjani ekwelashweni. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi singalungiswa udokotela wakho kuye ngesimo sakho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Verzenio ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukwehla kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi emzimbeni. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-neutropenia." Amaseli amhlophe egazi afana namasosha emzimbeni wethu, asivikela ezifweni. Uma ephansi, ukutheleleka okukhulu kungavela. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze aqaphe amazinga amaseli amhlophe egazi, ama-neutrophil, nama-platelet. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi kuphephile ukuqhubeka nokuthatha umuthi.
Ungayiphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi?
Kujwayelekile ukuba nemiphumela emibi ngokwelashwa komdlavuza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi futhi ubike noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kudokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu . Banganquma ukuthi imbi yini futhi bakunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
Nansi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu nokuthi ungayibhekana kanjani nayo.
| Imiphumela emibi evamile | Indlela yokuphatha |
|---|---|
| Uhudo | Lokhu kuvame kakhulu. Buza udokotela wakho bese ugcina umuthi (isib. iLoperamide) eduze kohudo. Gwema ukudla okunongwe kakhulu nokunamafutha. Phuza uketshezi oluningi noketshezi. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unesifo sohudo esibi kakhulu. |
| Isicanucanu Nokuhlanza | Esikhundleni sokudla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, yidla ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Izinto ezifana netiye lejinja nama-crackers zingasiza. Uma kudingeka, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokuhlanza. |
| Ukukhathala | Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuvivinya umzimba okulula (isib. ukuhamba) ngezinye izikhathi kungakunika amandla. Yidla ukudla okunomsoco. |
| Ukulahlekelwa Yisifiso Sokudla | Ngisho noma kunzima ukudla, zama izinto ezifana nesobho, ujusi wezithelo, neziphuzo ezinempilo ukuze uthole amandla. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzokufundisa nangezimpawu zemiphumela emibi kakhulu, njengezinkinga zamaphaphu (ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula) noma amahlule egazi (ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu emilenzeni). Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Yini okufanele ngiyigweme lapho ngithatha iVerzenio?
Uma uthatha iVerzenio, kungase kube nokusebenzisana nokudla okuthile kanye neminye imithi. Lokhu kungashintsha indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo noma kwandise imiphumela emibi.
| Okufanele ukugweme | Isizathu |
|---|---|
| Isithelo segilebhisi | Gwema ukudla i-jumbo shrimp noma ukuphuza ijusi le-jumbo shrimp. Izithako eziku-jumbo shrimp zingavimbela umzimba ukuthi uqhekeke (ugaye) i-Verzenio. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu angadingekile omuthi emzimbeni, okwandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi. |
| Isidakamizwa iKetoconazole | Lona umuthi wokutheleleka kwesikhunta. Lokhu futhi kubangela into efanayo namabhola amakhulu. Kungakhuphula izinga le-Verzenio emzimbeni ngendlela eyingozi. |
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale i-Verzenio, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje (kufaka phakathi amavithamini, amakhambi emithi, kanye nezithasiselo) . Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sesibindi. Udokotela wakho angase anqume umthamo ophephile kakhulu kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Verzenio umuthi onikezwa kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone kohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza webele osesigabeni sokuqala olubizwa ngokuthi i-HR-positive, i-HER2-negative .
- Lokhu kuvimbela izimpawu ezibangela ukuba amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhule futhi ahlukane, okulawula umdlavuza.
- Ungalokothi uchoboze noma uhlafune iphilisi. Ligwinye lonke.
- Imiphumela emibi efana nesifo sohudo, isicanucanu, kanye nokukhathala ingase ivele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ngakho yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.
- Gwema ukudla i-grapefruit ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo.
- Ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha, qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho unikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi.
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