Njengoba wazi, kunezigidi zezinto eziphilayo ezincane endaweni esihlala kuyo, okungukuthi, emoyeni, enhlabathini nasezitshalweni. Ezinye zalezi ziyi-fungus. I-Aspergillus fumigatus esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla ingenye ye-fungus enjalo evame kakhulu endaweni yethu. Kumuntu ophilile onesimiso esihle sokuzivikela komzimba, lesi sikhunta ngokuvamile asibangeli monakalo ngisho noma singena emzimbeni. Uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luyayilawula. Kodwa-ke, uma isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba somuntu sibuthakathaka ngenxa yesifo esithile noma imithi ethile, lesi sikhunta singadala izifo eziyingozi.
Kungani le fungus iyingozi kwabanye abantu kuphela?
Kalula nje, le fungus iwukuzama amathuba. Okusho ukuthi, ayikwazi ukwenza lutho uma nje izivikelo zomzimba wethu, noma amasosha omzimba, ziqinile. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha nje lapho lezi zivikelo sezibuthakathaka, iyaphakamisa ikhanda layo bese iqala ukubangela izinkinga.
Yiziphi izimo lapho amasosha omzimba engase abe buthaka khona?
- Ubuthakathaka bomzimba ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokugula okukhulu, ukungondleki kahle, noma ukuguga.
- Ukucindezeleka kwamasosha omzimba okubangelwa yizifo ezithile (isibonelo, ingculaza) noma imithi (isibonelo, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, imithi enikezwa ngemva kokufakelwa izitho zomzimba).
- Ukufakelwa kwamadivayisi okufakelwa.
- Izimo ezifana ne-neutropenia ende.
Uma umuntu osesimweni esibucayi kangaka etheleleka yilesi sikhunta, singaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Indlela lokhu kutheleleka kwesikhunta (i-Aspergillosis) okuthuthuka ngayo kanye nezimpawu zako
Ama-spores ale fungus angena emzimbeni nomoya esiwuphefumulayo. Aqala afinyelele ekhaleni, emphinjeni, emathunjini e-sinus, nasemaphashini. Amaseli omzimba womuntu ophilile awawavumeli ukuba akhule. Kodwa emzimbeni womuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, la ma-spores ayahluma, akhule abe yi-fungus hyphae, bese eqala ukuhlasela izicubu, abangele amahlule egazi (thrombosis), futhi abangele ukungezwani komzimba.
Kunezimo eziningana ezibangelwa yilesi sifo. Izimpawu zincike esithweni esithelelekile kanye nesistimu yakho yomzimba.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aspergillosis Yamaphaphu Engapheli (i-CPA) | Kulesi simo, isikhunta sikhula kancane ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Izimpawu zingase zingaveli izinyanga, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho neminyaka. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukukhwehlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukukhathala, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kungase kwenzeke. Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma lesi sikhunta silimaza umthambo wegazi emaphashini, ukukhwehlela igazi (i-hemoptysis) kungavela. Lolu uphawu oluyingozi kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele uye esibhedlela noma egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha. |
| I-Aspergillosis Ehlaselayo | Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esingasongela impilo. Sivela kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka kakhulu. Isikhunta singakhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi sisakazekele emaphashini, ema-sinuses, ezindlebeni, esikhumbeni, emehlweni, ngisho nasebuchosheni. |
| I-Aspergilloma | Lokhu kufana "nebhola lesikhunta" elakheka ngaphakathi komgodi emaphashini. Ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma leli bhola lesikhunta likhula kakhulu futhi lonakalise umthambo wegazi, ungase ukhwehlele igazi. |
| I-Sinusitis Yesikhunta | Kwenzeka lapho ama-spores esikhunta engena futhi ekhula emigodini yama-sinus. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuminyana kwamakhala, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu bobuso, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye noqweqwe olujiyile, oluluhlaza, noma olumnyama. |
Okubalulekile: Le fungus ngokuvamile ayibangeli izinkinga kumuntu ophilile. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Lolu lwazi lungolwezinjongo zokunikeza ulwazi kuphela. Uma ungabaza nganoma yiziphi izimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho.
Ukungezwani komzimba nesikhunta
Ngezinye izikhathi le fungus ingabangela ukungezwani komzimba kunokuba ibangele izifo ezihlaselayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile akusona isongo empilweni, kodwa kungabangela ukugula.
Okuvame kakhulu kulezi yi- Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) . Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo samaphaphu esivele sikhona. Isibonelo, abantu abanezimo ezifana ne-asthma, i-cystic fibrosis, noma i-bronchiectasis basengozini enkulu.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba usabela ngokweqile ezinhlamvini zesikhunta ezingena ngokuphefumula. Lokhu kubangela izimpawu ezifana ne-asthma, njengokukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuze athole ukuthi une-ABPA.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola amazinga aphezulu ohlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-eosinophil egazini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwe-Aspergillus antigen.
- Ukuhlola amazinga egazini ama-antibodies e-Aspergillus kanye ne-IgE.
- I-X-ray yesifuba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelapha lesi sifo sefungus kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kudinga iseluleko sikadokotela. Ungalokothi uzame ukuselapha wedwa.
- Imithi yokulwa nesikhunta: Kuye ngohlobo kanye nobukhali bokutheleleka, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne-amphotericin B kanye ne-voriconazole. Lokhu kwelashwa kungadinga ukuthathwa amasonto amaningana noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Amabhola amakhulu esikhunta (i-aspergillomas) akheka emaphashini awaphathwa ngemithi yodwa. Adinga ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa. Futhi, ezimweni ze-fungal sinusitis, kungadingeka ukuhlanza ngokuhlinzwa izikhala ze-sinus bese uvumela uketshezi ukuthi luphume.
- Ukwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba: Uma unesifo sokungezwani komzimba njenge-ABPA, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukunikeza ama-steroid (isib. i-prednisolone). Lawa alawula ukusabela ngokweqile komzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi imithi yokulwa ne-antifungal nayo inikezwa ukunciphisa umthamo wama-steroids nokunciphisa imiphumela emibi.
Ukumelana nemithi
Ngeshwa, ngezinye izikhathi lesi sikhunta siyamelana nemithi yokukhunta esiyisebenzisayo, ikakhulukazi ama-azoles. Lokhu kwenza ukwelashwa kube nzima nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, futhi ngesikhathi esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Aspergillus fumigatus iyisikhunta esivame kakhulu endaweni yethu. Ngokuvamile ayibangeli umonakalo kubantu abaphilile.
- Le fungus ingabangela ukutheleleka okuyingozi kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka (isib., iziguli ezinomdlavuza, abantu abafakelwe izitho zomzimba, iziguli ezine-AIDS).
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukukhathala, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela igazi, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Indlela yokwelapha inqunywa uhlobo lwesifo kanye nesimo sakho sempilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Abantu abanezifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne-asthma bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba nalesi sikhunta, ngakho yazisa udokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho